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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
The growing interest in veterinary ophthalmology and the development of new techniques for eye examination, such as ultrasound, fluorescein angiography, and vitreous fluorometry, optical coherence tomography (OCT), which allow an almost complete view of all eye layers, could lead us to think that histopathology would be relegated to the background. The reality shows the exact opposite, because although diagnoses obtained by the new technology can reveal topographic and vascular features, types of tissue affected and even the layer of tissue affected by the injury, it can not, however, reveal the cellular changes underlying the lesion and characterize it from a histological point of view. In addition, the development of clinical diagnosis associated with modern technology results in an increased number of specimens submitted to laboratory due to the possibility of detection of lesions that previously went unnoticed. Therefore, and despite all the technological evolution, histopathology remains the source of definitive diagnosis in many diseases and is often the only way to clarify the etiology, severity, prognosis and subsequent therapeutic decisions. This makes it important to review the current histologic processing of these specific tissues.
Eye tissues are obtained by surgical excision of the eyeball with the adjacent orbital tissues, as in exenteration and transpalpebral or, without the adjacent orbital tissues, in situations of transconjunctival enucleations, evisceration, incisional or excisional biopsies, exfoliative preparations and aspirates with fine needle. The processing techniques vary accordingly with the method of sample acquisition, as fixation, removal of exenterated tissues and the delineation of lesion margins.
The options for eye sectioning are performed according to the presence of the macula, as in primates and birds, or absence of the macula, as in other mammals.
Several methods of fixation using formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, Bouin’s fluid, triple fixation, Zenker’s fluid and Davidson’s fixative, will be presented. The various staining methods used, as in routine staining with hematoxylin-eosin and the histochemical methods such as PAS, Congo red, Masson-Fontana, among others and according to the target tissue. The appropriateness of each method to the observational means, like light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Their advantages and disadvantages will be referred
Description
Keywords
veterinary ophthalmology eye tissues ocular processing techniques histopathology
Citation
Mega C, Nóbrega C, Mesquita JR, Oliveira A, Santos C, Esteves F, Cruz R, Vala H (2009). Processamento Histológico dos Tecidos Oculares. Revista Portuguesa de Ciências Veterinárias. Supl. 104(569-572): 102-103.