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| Documento principal | 8.94 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: o aumento da esperança média de vida e consequentemente da
prevalência de doenças osteoarticulares, tem permitido à cirurgia ortopédica adquirir
protagonismo no tratamento da coxartrose, sendo a artroplastia total da anca o
procedimento cirúrgico mais utilizado e efetivo no alívio da dor, aumento da capacidade
funcional e diminuição das limitações. Para a enfermagem de reabilitação é imperativo o
conhecimento dessas limitações e um diagnóstico funcional dos doentes com
coxartrose. O objetivo foi identificar determinantes da capacidade funcional dos
indivíduos submetidos a artroplastia total da anca.
Métodos: realizámos estudo descritivo correlacional, transversal e quantitativo, tendo
recorrido a uma amostra não probabilística de conveniência, composta por 66 indivíduos
submetidos a artroplastia total da anca, com uma idade média de 70,6 anos, na sua
maioria do género masculino (62%) e com baixo status socioeconómico (71,3%). O
instrumento de colheita de dados incorporou: uma ficha sociodemográfica e clínica; o
índice Lequesne (IL) para avaliar a gravidade da osteoartrose; a escala de Harris (HHS)
para avaliar a capacidade funcional da anca comprometida; e o índice de Barthel (IB)
para avaliar a independência dos inquiridos, todos eles com bons valores de
consistência interna.
Resultados: verificamos que existem variáveis que se assumem como determinantes
da capacidade funcional do indivíduo com coxartrose e submetido a artroplastia total da
anca, destacando-se no período pré-operatório (admissão): o grau de osteoartrose da
anca (IL), o nível de independência funcional (IB) e a dor sentida pelos indivíduos; e no
período pós-operatório (alta): o nível de independência funcional (IB), a dor sentida
pelos indivíduos, o número de sessões de reabilitação, a amplitude de movimento
articular e a força muscular. Os resultados revelam também que a capacidade funcional
é pior nos indivíduos do género feminino entre os 70 - 79 anos ligados a serviços
pessoais de proteção, segurança e vendedores e à agricultura, com osteoartrose
extremamente grave, IMC acima do peso normal, dor moderada e com dependência
funcional moderada.
Conclusão: os resultados da nossa investigação demonstram claramente que existem
défices funcionais significativos associados à coxartrose e ao pós-operatório de
artroplastia total da anca, concluímos portanto que é importante implementar um
programa de reabilitação personalizado e multidisciplinar que englobe todo o período
perioperatório, assumindo um papel potenciador de ganhos funcionais e que
consequentemente promova a independência funcional.
Palavras-chave: Independência Funcional, Artroplastia Total da Anca, Reabilitação,
Coxartrose.
Abstract Introduction: Increased life expectancy and hence the prevalence of osteoarticular diseases, has allowed orthopedic surgery to acquire prominence in the treatment of coxarthrosis, there for, total hip arthroplasty surgery is the procedure most commonly used and effective in relieving pain, increased functional capacity and decrease physical limitations. For rehabilitation nursing is imperative the knowledge of these limitations and functional diagnosis of patients with coxarthrosis. The objective was to identify the functional capacity of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty identifying determinants of functional independence. Methods: we conducted a correlational descriptive study, transversal and quantitative, having resorted to a non-probabilistic convenience sample, comprised of 66 individuals undergoing total hip arthroplasty, with an average age of 70.6 years old, mostly male (62%) and with low socioeconomic status (71.3%). The instrument for data collection incorporated: a sociodemographic and clinical record; the Lequesne Index (LI) to assess the severity of osteoarthritis; the Harris Hip Score (HHS) to assess the functional capacity of the affected hip; and the Barthel Index (BI) to assess the independence of the respondents, all of them with good internal consistency. Results: we found that there are variables that are assumed as determinants of functional capacity of the individual with coxarthrosis and submitted to total hip arthroplasty, especially in the preoperative period (admission): the degree of osteoarthritis of the hip (LI), the level of functional independence (BI ) and the pain felt by the individuals; and in the postoperatively period (discharge): the level of functional independence (BI), the pain felt by the individuals, the number of rehabilitation sessions, the range of motion and muscle strength. The results also show that functional capacity is worse in female individuals, between 70 - 79 years related to personal protection services, security and sellers, with extremely severe osteoarthritis, BMI above the normal weight, moderate pain and moderate functional dependence. Conclusion: The results of our research clearly demonstrate that there are significant functional deficits associated with coxarthrosis and postoperative total hip replacement surgery, therefore we conclude that it is important to implement a customized program of multidisciplinary rehabilitation encompassing the entire perioperative period, assuming a enhancer role of functional gains and that consequently promotes functional independence. Keywords: Functional Independence, Total Hip Arthroplasty, Rehabilitation, Coxarthrosis.
Abstract Introduction: Increased life expectancy and hence the prevalence of osteoarticular diseases, has allowed orthopedic surgery to acquire prominence in the treatment of coxarthrosis, there for, total hip arthroplasty surgery is the procedure most commonly used and effective in relieving pain, increased functional capacity and decrease physical limitations. For rehabilitation nursing is imperative the knowledge of these limitations and functional diagnosis of patients with coxarthrosis. The objective was to identify the functional capacity of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty identifying determinants of functional independence. Methods: we conducted a correlational descriptive study, transversal and quantitative, having resorted to a non-probabilistic convenience sample, comprised of 66 individuals undergoing total hip arthroplasty, with an average age of 70.6 years old, mostly male (62%) and with low socioeconomic status (71.3%). The instrument for data collection incorporated: a sociodemographic and clinical record; the Lequesne Index (LI) to assess the severity of osteoarthritis; the Harris Hip Score (HHS) to assess the functional capacity of the affected hip; and the Barthel Index (BI) to assess the independence of the respondents, all of them with good internal consistency. Results: we found that there are variables that are assumed as determinants of functional capacity of the individual with coxarthrosis and submitted to total hip arthroplasty, especially in the preoperative period (admission): the degree of osteoarthritis of the hip (LI), the level of functional independence (BI ) and the pain felt by the individuals; and in the postoperatively period (discharge): the level of functional independence (BI), the pain felt by the individuals, the number of rehabilitation sessions, the range of motion and muscle strength. The results also show that functional capacity is worse in female individuals, between 70 - 79 years related to personal protection services, security and sellers, with extremely severe osteoarthritis, BMI above the normal weight, moderate pain and moderate functional dependence. Conclusion: The results of our research clearly demonstrate that there are significant functional deficits associated with coxarthrosis and postoperative total hip replacement surgery, therefore we conclude that it is important to implement a customized program of multidisciplinary rehabilitation encompassing the entire perioperative period, assuming a enhancer role of functional gains and that consequently promotes functional independence. Keywords: Functional Independence, Total Hip Arthroplasty, Rehabilitation, Coxarthrosis.
Description
Keywords
Artroplastia da anca Enfermagem de reabilitação Osteoartrite da anca Reabilitação Arthroplasty, replacement, hip Osteoarthritis, hip Rehabilitation Rehabilitation nursing