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Browsing by Author "Alencar, Liana"

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  • Hansen’s disease in Brazil : monitoring of disabilities
    Publication . Alencar, Liana; Cunha, Madalena
    Introdução: A doença de Hansen é uma patologia infectocontagiosa, curável, causada pelo Mycobacteria Leprae, com predileção pelo sistema nervoso periférico. Objetivos: Determinar as formas clínicas e a classificação operacional dos portadores de doença de Hansen; Identificar o grau de incapacidade dos pacientes diagnosticados com doença de Hansen; Métodos: Estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa de natureza descritiva, realizado com 104 pacientes diagnosticados com doença de Hansen. A maioria era do sexo masculino 63 (60,6%) com uma média de idades de 37 anos, 49% eram de cor parda e 34,6% detinham o ensino fundamental completo.Os dados foram retirados de: Sistema de Informação de Notificação de Agravos Notificáveis – SINAN em 2014; - Ficha de Avaliação Neurológica Simplificada para avaliação do Grau de Incapacidades, (Brasil, 2010, p.35), extraída do Manual de Prevenção de Incapacidades (Brasil, 2008, p. 112-113). Resultados: A classificação operacional dos portadores de doença de Hansen revelou que 47,1% eram paucibacilares e 52,9% multibacilares e que 31,7% foram diagnosticados com a forma Dimorfa e 25,9% Tuberculóide. O Grau de Incapacidade Física (GIF) no diagnóstico foi o seguinte: Grau 0 - 73 (70,20%); Grau I - 17 (16,35%) e 9 (8,65%) possuíam deformidades instalados de Grau II. Os odds ratios indicam de forma significativa que o risco das mulheres com doença de Hansen não apresentarem incapacidades físicas no momento do diagnóstico, é cerca de 4 vezes superior ao dos homens (OR= 3,868; IC 95%= 1,316-11,368). Conclusões: A ocorrência de incapacidades originadas pela doença de Hansen sobretudo nos homens é ainda um problema de saúde pública no Brasil, pelo que a busca ativa de casos na comunidade, o exame dos contatos domiciliares, o acompanhamento dos pacientes pelas unidades de saúde, as campanhas educativas e investigações com alunos nas escolas são exemplos de políticas que devem ser implementadas para que se consiga erradicar a endemia e reduzir as suas sequelas.
    2017Journal article Open access Show more
  • Hansen’s disease in Brazil: Monitoring of disabilities
    Publication . Alencar, Liana; Cunha, Madalena
    Introdution: Hansen’s disease is an infecto-contagious, chronic and curable disease, caused by the Mycobacterium Leprae with a preference for the peripheral nervous system. Objectives: To determine the clinical forms and the operational classification of patients suffering from Hansen's disease; to identify the disability grade of patients diagnosed with Hansen’s disease. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach of a descriptive nature performed on 104 patients diagnosed with Hansen’s disease. Most were male, 63 (60.6%), with an average age of 37 years, 49% had pardo complexion and 34.6% had an elementary education level. Data was collected from the: Notifiable Diseases Information System – SINAN in 2014; Simplified Neurologic Assessment Form for assessing the Grade of Disability (Brasil, 2010, p.35), taken from the Guide for Prevention of Disabilities (Brasil, 2008, p. 112-113). Results: The operational classification of patients suffering from Hansen’s disease revealed that 47.1% were paucibacillary while 52.9% were multibacillary and that 31.7% were diagnosed with the Borderline form and 25.9% with the Tuberculoid form. The Physical Disability Grade (PDG) at the time of diagnosis was the following: Grade 0 – 73 (70.20%); Grade 1 - 17 (16.35%); and 9 patients (8.65%) had developed Grade 2 disabilities. The odds ratios significantly indicate that for women with Hansen’s disease the risk of not having physical disabilities at the time of diagnosis is about 4 times higher than it is for men (OR= 3.868; CI 95%=1.316-11.368). Conclusions: The occurrence of disabilities resulting from Hansen’s disease mostly in men is still a public health problem in Brazil. Therefore, active search for cases within the community, examining household contacts, monitoring of patients by the healthcare units, educational campaigns and research with students in schools are examples of policies which should be implemented in order to eradicate this endemic disease and reduce sequelae thereof.
    2017Journal article Open access Show more