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- Consumer Buying Tendencies and Knowledge about Bread in PortugalPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Matos, Mariana; Henriques, Carla; Correia, PaulaBread is a pivotal food in many cultures around the world. Besides energy, it provides some nutritional benefits, being an important source of dietary fibres and vitamins. Hence, this research work aimed to understand the purchasing habits and the level of knowledge about bread in the centre of Portugal, as well as in what way those haits might be influenced by sociodemographic variables. The study was conducted by means of a questionnaire, which included sections aimed at getting information about demographic variables, buying habits and knowledge about bread. The sample consisted of 500 respondents and the data was collected by direct interviewing after informed consent. The study was approved for human subjects and was conducted according to all ethical guidelines. The results showed that in most cases the respondents buy bread from specialized shops (pastries and bakeries: 61%). It was also observed that the vast majority of respondents (70%) answered correctly to at least half of the questions aimed to understand their knowledge about bread. Hence, these results indicated that there is a positive degree of knowledge about bread and its benefits among the respondents. Bread has been a basic food for many centuries and some myths about its consumption could have a negative impact on its position on the present diets. Therefore, the results obtained in this work are encouraging and show that bread is regarded as a staple food, with benefits for a healthy diet. Furthermore, the results may also be used to improve the education about the benefits of whole grains as compared to refined grains. The whiter breads, made with refined grains have lead the bread consumption in the past decades, a trend that should be reverted.
- Preferences and consumer habits related to bread in the centre of PortugalPublication . Guiné, Raquel; Matos, Mariana; Henriques, Carla; Correia, PaulaPurpose – Bread is one of the most consumed foods in the world, and its main function is to provide nutrients and energy for the body. Thus, the purpose of this paper was to raise awareness about the consumption habits of bread and consumer preferences in the region of Viseu (centre of Portugal), assessing the extent to which the preferences and consumption habits differ based on individual variables. Design/methodology/approach – The study was conducted by means of a questionnaire by direct interviewing. The questionnaire included sections aimed at gathering information about demographics, consumption habits and preferences related to bread. The sample consisted of 500 consented respondents. Findings – The results showed significant differences between genders regarding the type of bread eaten: women consumed less wheat bread (52 per cent against 62 per cent; p 0.029) and less unsalted bread (0.3 per cent against 3 per cent; p 0.023), but more whole bread (25 per cent against 11 per cent; p 0.001) and more bread with cereal grains (23 per cent against 11 per cent; p 0.001), thus revealing a trend for a nutritionally more adequate choice. Accordingly, women valued more the composition of the bread when purchasing it (p 0.001). It was also observed a trend for a lower consumption of wheat bread among classes with more advanced studies (47 per cent on university graduates against 60 per cent on nongraduates; p 0.004). Originality/value – This work is innovative because it was the first time the preferences and consuming habits of a sample of Portuguese population regarding bread were accessed, altogether. The results hereby obtained may be of importance both to understand the nutritional importance of bread in the diet of the Portuguese and also for the industry and manufacturers to better correspond to the buying preferences.