Browsing by Author "Ribeiro, Oscar"
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- Animação para o bem-estar aos 100 anos de VidaPublication . Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, OscarChegar aos 100 anos de idade é um patamar possível a um crescente número de pessoas. Apesar do interesse mediático sobre como lá chegar, pouca atenção tem sido dada ao modo como se vive esta fase e dias de vida. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a associação entre as atividades ocupacionais (presentes e passadas) e a valoração de vida em centenários Portugueses. Os dados surgem no âmbito do PT100 – Estudo de Centenários do Porto e incluem 89 idosos com 100+ anos com capacidade cognitiva para responder a questões de autoperceção. A comparação entre as atividades do passado e do presente demonstra uma diminuição geral de execução de todas as atividades, sobretudo nas que decorrem fora do contexto domiciliar. As atividades religiosas surgem como as mais frequentes e importantes para o bem-estar. O seu significado foi analisado através de testemunhos dos próprios centenários, que revelam a importância destas atividades pelo propósito de vida que lhe está associado. Os resultados são interpretados à luz dos modelos de envelhecimento positivo, que enfatizam os recursos pessoais e as estratégias de adaptação como ingredientes a ser considerados na intervenção com os mais velhos.
- Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life in Older Adults: Trajectories of Influence across AgePublication . Ribeiro, Oscar; Teixeira, Laetitia; Araújo, Lia; Rodríguez-Blázquez, Carmen; Calderón-Larrañaga, Amaia; Forjaz, Maria JoãoThis study focuses on the influence of anxiety and depression on individual trajectories of quality of life in old age through a longitudinal approach. A representative sample of adults aged 50+ living in Portugal and participating in wave 4 (W4) and wave 6 (W6) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) project was considered. Participants, 1765 at baseline (W4) and 1201 at follow up (W6), were asked about their quality of life (CASP-12) and emotional status (Euro-D scale; five items from the Beck Anxiety Inventory). Linear Mixed Effects models were performed to identify factors associated with changes in quality of life across age. Increasing age was found to have a significant negative effect on quality of life. Lower education and higher levels of depression and anxiety at baseline were also associated with worse quality of life; 42.1% of the variation of CASP-12 across age was explained by fixed and random effects, being depression followed by anxiety as the factors that presented with the highest relative importance. Both depression and anxiety play an important role in quality of life in older adults and must be acknowledged as important intervention domains to foster healthy and active aging.
- Avaliação da eficácia da Terapia de Remotivação: um estudo PilotoPublication . Araújo, Lia; Gomez, Verónica; Teixeira, Catarina; Ribeiro, Oscar
- Being successful aged at one hundred years old: alternative and subjective criteriaPublication . Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Teixeira, Laetitia; Paul, ConstançaAge, i.e. being younger, has been the most consistent predictor of successful aging, indicating a dramatic drop of the rate of success with advancing age. However, emergent studies based on expanded psychological concepts have been revealing the admirable capacity of oldest old individuals to overcome adversities and adapting to the challenges of very advanced age. This study aims to explore alternative criteria to Rowe and Kahn successful aging model in centenarians. A sample of 70 individuals (Mage100.91, SD 1.37, 87.1%female) with cognitive capacity for answering self-report questions were selected from the population-based Oporto Centenarian Study (PT100). Perceived economic status, sub- jective health and happiness were considered as components to assess successful aging. Main findings revealed that 62.9% of the sample was able to meet economic needs, 44.3% was happy and 32.3% reported a positive self-perception of health. 12.9% of the participants satisfied all three criteria and 16.1% didnt fulfilled any. A previous study using the same alternative criteria found that 47.5% of centenarians were successful aged, whereas none of them satisfied all three objective components from Rowe and Kahn’s success- ful aging model (Cho et al., 2012). Thus, the higher propor- tion of centenarians with positive self-ratings demonstrate that they may feel successful despite not being objectively considered as so. The alternative criteria of perceived eco- nomic status, subjective health and happiness considered in this study seem to be suitable to approach successful aging in very advanced age.
- Centenarians - A European OverviewPublication . Teixeira, Laetitia; Araújo, Lia; Paul, Constança; Ribeiro, OscarAs the oldest continent of the word, Europe presently faces an unprecedented demographic scenario. The number of individuals reaching very advanced ages is growing significantly, and within this age group a very particular one: centenarians. Living up to be 100 years of age, although reachable to only a few of us, is likely to become more common, and this posits important social and health care demands. Long lives’ “secrets” are to be answered by a wide range of professionals like geneticists, biologists, ecologists, and physicians, but also demographers and other social scientists that must disentangle group and individual life trajectories in his- torical time and space, making sense of extraordinary lives that more frequently than ever challenge our imagination as well as our capacity to deliver adequate services and friendly and inclusive societies to accommodate them. With this book, we intend to provide a profile of European centenarians and fill a void on the available information on this population. In an eminently descriptive way, the book intends to first and foremost provide an overview of this population’s characteristics in terms of sex ratio, educational level, marital status, living context and living arrangements, health profiles, and main causes of death. It does not intend to present an extensive justification on the differences observed throughout Europe nor on the geographical tendencies we might observe on their distribution and characteristics. It ultimately aims to provide researchers from these countries and from abroad who are currently working with this population, or intend to do so, an overview of their country outline in comparison with others. The story of how this book came into being dates back to IAGG 2017 World Congress of Gerontology and Geriatrics meeting where we presented a first draft of our work on “Centenarians in Europe”. Three years before we had started collecting data for the first population-based study with centenarians ever conducted in Portugal, the Oporto Centenarian Study (PT100), and wanted to have a global perspective of an up-to-date profile of exceptional longevity at a European level. In conjoining efforts to further elaborate a more detailed profile following IAGG’s presentation, we started receiving a very enthusiastic feedback on the information researchers from other continents, but it mostly reassured the fact that limited amount of systematized information, even at a descriptive level, was available on these matters. In conceptualizing this book, we draw on the expertise gained within the International Centenarian Consortium (ICC) that congregates researchers from all over the world and that has been having regular annual meetings since 1994. Although our presence in the ICC only dates to the meeting of 2014 in Japan, we soon realized the importance of being in touch with some of the world-reference researchers in this field. Some of the ideas we share throughout this book come from those enriching meetings and from the insightful comments we had the chance to receive. Along with the ICC researchers, there is a wide range of people who we would like to express our gratitude. Within such a group we include all the centenarians and their caregivers we had the chance to meet and talk to, and who gave us an unique perspective on what it is like to be that old, and that surely goes far beyond what the numbers we here provide can tell us about them; furthermore, we would also like to express our gratitude to all of the PT100 research team members and faculty colleagues who kept on motivating us in writing the book.
- Centenarians in EuropePublication . da Costa Teixeira, Laetitia; Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, Oscar; Jopp, Daniela; Paul, ConstançaIn the last decade, the number of centenarians world- wide has increased. Following this tendency, the number of centenarian studies has also exponentially augmented. Given the complexity to conduct research with centenarians, elementary information on this specific age group remains unknown at a European level. This paper compares basic characteristics of centenarians from 32 European coun- tries based on Census 2011. Results revealed that France is the country with higher ratio of centenarians, followed by Italy and Greece; on the other hand Croatia, Romania and Bulgaria present the lower ratio. The distribution accord- ing to gender is similar for all countries, with higher ratio of women reaching 100 years old. Different patterns of education level were found on countries where this infor- mation was reliable: Portugal and Greece are the countries with lower levels of education, with more than half without formal education; Finland, UK and Iceland are the countries with higher levels of education, with all centenarians having at least lower secondary education. Analysing the residence situation (living in the community or living in the institu- tion), Romania, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Greece and Latvia are the countries that present higher percentages of centenarians living in the community; Iceland is the country with lower percentage of centenarians living in the community. A posi- tive correlation between the number of centenarians and the percentage of Total Health Expenditure of GDP is observed. This study provides important information about the current profile of European centenarians, which is compared to gen- eral information on the centenarian population from EUA and Asia.
- Centenarians´ quality of life and the role of health and living contextPublication . Brandão, Daniela; Duarte, Natália; Araújo, Lia; Alves, Sara; Teixeira, Laetitia; Ribeiro, OscarIntroduction: The interest of the scientic community to study the centenarian population has been growing due to the signicant expansion of life expectancy and human longevity. Evidences about their quality of life (QoL) are, nevertheless, still limited. Different conceptualizations of QoL, the overvaluation of the negative aspects of advanced age and the heterogeneity of the oldest old are some issues that could explain the difculties in this assessment. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the perceived QoL in a sample of centenarians and analyze if there are significant life context (community vs institutional) and health (objective and subjective perception) differences. Methods: A subsample of 59 Portuguese centenarians who participated in the PT100_Oporto Centenarian Study, conducted in 2013 was considered. Descriptive and chi-square analysis were conducted. Results: Most centenarians perceived their QoL in a very positive manner (50.8% rated it as “good”, 6.8% as “very good” and 3.4% as “excellent”); 28.8% perceived it as “acceptable” and 10.2% as “bad”. No significant statistical differences were found for the considered variables. Conclusions: Centenarians seem to present high levels of perceived QoL, which can be associated with a great ability to adapt to adverse situations that occur through their lives. Neither contextual and health aspects seem to inuence the perception of QoL in this particular sample study. Nonetheless, more research is needed to understand the specicities of the QoL in the centenarian population, namely the role of psychological and social variables.
- Centenários bem sucedidosPublication . Araújo, Lia; da Costa Teixeira, Laetitia; Afonso, Rosa Marina; Paul, Constança; Ribeiro, OscarChegar aos 100 anos de idade pode significar ter uma saúde debilitada, dificuldades físicas e sensoriais que interferem na realização das principais atividades do quotidiano, e ter assistido à perda de familiares e amigos. Porém, diversos estudos reportam a capacidade de adaptação deste grupo etário a esses desafios, considerando-a relevadora de um envelhecimento bem sucedido (EBS). Este estudo objetiva explorar diferentes abordagens de EBS numa amostra de pessoas com 100+ anos. 70 centenários (Midade 100.91, DP 1.37; 87.1% mulheres) com capacidade cognitiva para responder a questões de auto-percepção foram selecionados no âmbito do PT100 (Porto e Beira Interior). Indicadores de EBS (ex.: saúde, capacidade funcional, funcionamento social e percepções pessoais de aspetos da vida atual) foram recolhidos em entrevista aos participantes. A distribuição dos centenários por diferentes perfis de EBS foi explorada através de análises estatísticas. Apenas 2 centenários reúnem os critérios de EBS do modelo de Rowe e Kahn. Ao se considerarem critérios alternativos, como a percepção da situação económica e de saúde, e a felicidade, a percentagem de centenários com EBS aumenta para 62.9%, 44.3% e 32.3% respetivamente. Abordagens holísticas que considerem as percepções individuais revelam-se como fundamentais numa vivência bem sucedida da fase muito avançada de vida.
- Cognition and functionality: how do they related to time lived after 100 years of age?Publication . Teixeira, Laetitia; Araújo, Lia; Duarte, Natália; Brandão, Daniela; Azevedo, Maria João; Ribeiro, OscarIntroduction: The number of centenarians has greatly increased in Portugal in the last decades. Therefore, the analysis of survival time after becoming a centenarian and related factors constitute an import- ant issue for the quality of care provision. The objective of this study is to identify health related factors associated with the time lived after being 100 years of age. Methods: Data come from the population-based study PT100 (Oporto Centenarian Study) and considers information gathered through face-to-face interviews with centenarians and their proxies during 2013. Study eligibility criteria included being 100 and more years old and living in the Oporto Metropolitan Area. Survival analyses were performed in order to identify factors associated with survival after the 100. Functional status (e.g., walking, being bedrid- den) and specific health conditions (e.g. presence/absence of cognitive impairment) were considered as potential factors. Results: The sam- ple comprises 140 centenarians with approximately 14.5 months as median survival time after their 100th anniversary. Centenarians who were bedridden presented a higher probability to live after 100 years when compared with functionally independent centenarians. Presence of cognitive impairment was not associated with the time lived after 100 years old. Conclusions: Given the increasing number of centenarians in Portugal, different studies based on this population need to be consid- ered. The present study, focused on the life after 100 years old, provides new information about this topic contributing to the formulation of new scientific questions for this population.
- A conceptual analysis of theories on transcendence in later lifePublication . Abreu, Taiane; Araújo, Lia; Ribeiro, OscarTranscendence, as a frequently described late-life developmental process, involves a variety of holistic life experiences that extend beyond time, culture, self, and others. The purpose of this conceptual analysis was to examine the shared component in the transcendence theories focusing on aging and older adults. A literature review of sources gleaned from four databases was conducted, and a conceptual analysis based on a descending hierarchical classification and a correspondence factorial analysis was performed. Fifty-four papers that included a definition of transcendence, gerotranscendence theory, and/or self-transcendence theory were reviewed. Six clusters emerged from the analysis of those definitions: (1) late life shift, (2) enhanced awareness, (3) maturation process, (4) individual experience of transcendence, (5) boundaries expansion, and (6) transcendence level. Results indicate gerotranscendence theory is associated with a mind-set shift in late-life, while self-transcendence theory is connected to the idea of growing awareness and the expansion of boundaries. The two theories share common transcendence aspects, such as overcoming ego matters, modifying ideas about death, and undergoing a maturation process. Conceptual clarification systematizes these theories, contributing to more consistent studies about transcendence later in life.