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Abstract(s)
A qualidade de vida é um direito de todos, incluindo das crianças com perturbações do neurodesenvolvimento. O desporto é considerado como um fator de integração e igualdade social, sendo importante na estimulação física, psicológica e social da pessoa. A Natação é uma das modalidades desportivas assumida como um contexto útil e divertido para a melhoria da qualidade de vida em pessoas com perturbação do neurodesenvolvimento. O movimento livre proporcionado pelo meio aquático permite a experimentação de potencialidades e limitações, possibilitando o autoconhecimento e a descoberta da capacidade do movimento na água, sem auxílio. Isto faz com que a pessoa sinta prazer em desfrutar da água, aumentando a sua autoestima, a sua autoconfiança e a sua independência. A problemática em análise neste estudo é a Perturbação do Espectro do Autismo (PEA). Esta é uma perturbação crónica do neurodesenvolvimento definida por alterações presentes desde idades muito precoces, que se caracteriza por desvios qualitativos na comunicação, na interação social, no uso da imaginação e num padrão de comportamentos, interesses e atividades repetitivos e restritos. O principal objetivo é conhecer as perceções dos profissionais de desporto sobre a influência da prática da Natação na promoção da Qualidade de Vida de crianças/jovens com Perturbação do Espectro de Autismo. Foram inquiridos através de questionário 21 profissionais com uma idade média de 42,1±7,75 anos. Os participantes eram maioritariamente mulheres (62%), detentores de formação académica ao nível do Ensino Superior (95%) na área do Desporto e Educação Física (86%). A maioria tinha formação específica em Natação (90%) e na altura do estudo estavam a trabalhar nesta modalidade (81%). Todos os participantes tinham experiência na área da Natação com crianças/jovens com PEA. Os resultados permitem inferir que estes profissionais possuem conhecimentos e formação para trabalhar com estas crianças/jovens, e que estão cientes das dificuldades que enfrentam, mas também dos aspetos que poderão facilitar o seu trabalho. De um modo geral os participantes consideraram que a prática de natação pode contribuir para a promoção da qualidade de vida das crianças/jovens com PEA.
Quality of life is a right for everyone, including children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Sports is considered to be a factor of social integration and equality, being important in the person's physical, psychological and social stimulation. Swimming is one of the sports modalities assumed as a useful and fun context for improving the quality of life of people with neurodevelopmental disorders. Free movement provided by the aquatic environment allows the experimentation of potentials and limitations, enabling self-knowledge and the discovery of the ability of movement in water, without assistance. This makes people feel pleasure in enjoying the water, increasing their selfesteem, self-confidence and independence. The issue under analysis in this study is the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder defined by alterations present from very early ages, which is characterized by qualitative deviations in communication, social interaction, use of imagination and a pattern of repetitive and restricted behaviors, interests and activities. The main objective is to know the perceptions of sports professionals about the influence of the practice of Swimming in promoting the Quality of Life of children/young people with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Twenty-one professionals were surveyed with a mean age of 42.1±7.75 years. The participants were mostly women (62%), holders of academic training at the level of Higher Education (95%) in the area of Sports and Physical Education (86%). Most had specific training in Swimming (90%) and at the time of study were working in this sport (81%). All participants had experience in the area of swimming with children/youth with ASD. The results allow us to infer that these professionals have knowledge and training to work with these children/young people, and that they are aware of the difficulties they face, but also of the aspects that may facilitate their work. In general, the participants considered that the practice of swimming can contribute to promoting the quality of life of children/young people with ASD.
Quality of life is a right for everyone, including children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Sports is considered to be a factor of social integration and equality, being important in the person's physical, psychological and social stimulation. Swimming is one of the sports modalities assumed as a useful and fun context for improving the quality of life of people with neurodevelopmental disorders. Free movement provided by the aquatic environment allows the experimentation of potentials and limitations, enabling self-knowledge and the discovery of the ability of movement in water, without assistance. This makes people feel pleasure in enjoying the water, increasing their selfesteem, self-confidence and independence. The issue under analysis in this study is the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder defined by alterations present from very early ages, which is characterized by qualitative deviations in communication, social interaction, use of imagination and a pattern of repetitive and restricted behaviors, interests and activities. The main objective is to know the perceptions of sports professionals about the influence of the practice of Swimming in promoting the Quality of Life of children/young people with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Twenty-one professionals were surveyed with a mean age of 42.1±7.75 years. The participants were mostly women (62%), holders of academic training at the level of Higher Education (95%) in the area of Sports and Physical Education (86%). Most had specific training in Swimming (90%) and at the time of study were working in this sport (81%). All participants had experience in the area of swimming with children/youth with ASD. The results allow us to infer that these professionals have knowledge and training to work with these children/young people, and that they are aware of the difficulties they face, but also of the aspects that may facilitate their work. In general, the participants considered that the practice of swimming can contribute to promoting the quality of life of children/young people with ASD.
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Keywords
Qualidade de Vida Natação Perturbação do Espectro de Autismo Perceções de Profissionais Quality of Life Swimming Autism Spectrum Disorder Perceptions of Professionals