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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Na prática diária deparamo-nos frequentemente com
a dor e o sofrimento de crianças submetidas a punção venosa
periférica (PVP), cuja minimização continua a constituir um
verdadeiro desafio na atuação dos enfermeiros pela
necessidade premente da uniformização deste procedimento.
Atualmente, a utilização do anestésico tópico local para
prevenção da dor na prática pediátrica, sobretudo na realização
de procedimentos dolorosos, deve ser preconizada como
fundamental na assistência integral à criança, garantindo uma
melhoria significativa dos cuidados prestados.
Objetivos: Estudar a eficácia do penso oclusivo EMLA®
na prevenção da dor da criança submetida a punção venosa
periférica e analisar alguns fatores que levem a uma melhor
compreensão da dor na criança submetida a procedimentos
dolorosos.
Metodologia: Estudo quase-experimental com
abordagem quantitativa. A amostra incluiu 78 crianças com
idade entre os 6 e os 17 anos, dividida em dois grupos: o GE
(Grupo Experimental), constituído por 47 crianças submetidas
a punção venosa com aplicação prévia de EMLA®
; o G
(Grupo de Controlo), constituído por 31 crianças submetidas a
punção venosa sem aplicação de anestésicos tópicos. Os dados
foram obtidos através de um formulário do qual constavam
escalas para avaliação da dor. Resultados: No total 24,4% das crianças avaliaram a dor
no índice 0 (sem dor), das quais em 23,1% foi utilizado
anestésico tópico. No GC observaram-se índices de dor
médios (4.81) significativamente mais elevados do que no GE
(1.96).
Conclusão: Os resultados do estudo comprovam a
eficácia do anestésico tópico EMLA®
na prevenção e na
redução da dor na criança submetida a punção venosa e
permitiram também verificar a relação de algumas variáveis
com a dor na criança submetida a este procedimento.
In daily practice we are faced often with pain and suffering of children submitted to venipuncture whose minimization remains a real challenge and an urgent need for uniformity in the conduct of nurses towards this problematic. Currently, the use of local topical anesthetic to prevent pain in pediatric practice, especially in performing painful procedures should be recommended as essential in the integral assistance to children, ensuring a significant improvement of care. Objectives: To study the efficacy of EMLA ® occlusive patch in the prevention of pain in children submitted to venipuncture, as well as some factors that we consider in some way, contribute to a better understanding of pain in children subjected to painful procedures. Methods: Quasi-experimental study with a quantitative approach. The sample included 78 children aged 6 to 17 years, divided into two groups: GE, consisting of 47 children submitted to venipuncture with prior application of EMLA® , GC, consisting of 31 children submitted to venipuncture without application of topical anesthetics. Data were collected through a questionnaire which contained scales for pain assessment. Results: In total 24.4% of children assessed pain at index 0 (no pain), of which 23.1% was used topical anesthetic. In the GC observed average pain scores (4.81) significantly higher than in GE (1.96). Conclusion: The results indicate the effectiveness of topical anesthetic EMLA® in the prevention and reduction of pain in the child submitted to venipuncture and also allowed to verify the relationship of some variables with pain in the child submitted to this procedure.
In daily practice we are faced often with pain and suffering of children submitted to venipuncture whose minimization remains a real challenge and an urgent need for uniformity in the conduct of nurses towards this problematic. Currently, the use of local topical anesthetic to prevent pain in pediatric practice, especially in performing painful procedures should be recommended as essential in the integral assistance to children, ensuring a significant improvement of care. Objectives: To study the efficacy of EMLA ® occlusive patch in the prevention of pain in children submitted to venipuncture, as well as some factors that we consider in some way, contribute to a better understanding of pain in children subjected to painful procedures. Methods: Quasi-experimental study with a quantitative approach. The sample included 78 children aged 6 to 17 years, divided into two groups: GE, consisting of 47 children submitted to venipuncture with prior application of EMLA® , GC, consisting of 31 children submitted to venipuncture without application of topical anesthetics. Data were collected through a questionnaire which contained scales for pain assessment. Results: In total 24.4% of children assessed pain at index 0 (no pain), of which 23.1% was used topical anesthetic. In the GC observed average pain scores (4.81) significantly higher than in GE (1.96). Conclusion: The results indicate the effectiveness of topical anesthetic EMLA® in the prevention and reduction of pain in the child submitted to venipuncture and also allowed to verify the relationship of some variables with pain in the child submitted to this procedure.
Description
Keywords
dor criança procedimentos dolorosos punção venosa periférica anestésicos tópicos pain child painful procedures peripheral venous puncture topical anesthetics
Citation
Moutinho, Cláudia & Rocha, Amarílis (2016). A Dor na Criança submetida a Punção Venosa Periférica. Prevenção com Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics. Millenium, 50 (jan/jun). Pp. 253-265.