Browsing by Author "Silva, Luiza"
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- Avaliação de impacte ambiental da gestão de resíduos da produção de uma bancada com base na abordagem de ACVPublication . Silva, Luiza; Ferreira Silva, Maria Elisabete; Brás, Isabel; Domingos, Idalina; Ferreira Wessel, Dulcineia; Ferreira, JoséIntroduction: Consumerism has led to an increase in environmental problems, and for this reason, sustainable solutions must be the priority when designing new products or services. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is one of the most important analytical tools available for choosing the best decision when it comes to sustainability. Objective: The focus of this study was to apply an LCA to the management of wastes from a kitchen/bathroom countertop production. The waste management scenarios studied were landfill (current practice) and waste recycling. The panel consists of a ceramic layer on a lamellar panel substrate, formed by glassliner and PVC, which is intended to be resistant to water, scratches and impacts. The residues generated from the panel production are glassliner and PVC plastics and ceramics. Methods: The LCA methodology was followed and the EPD 2018 method available in the SimaPro software was chosen to quantify the environmental impacts of waste management. The environmental impact categories studied were eutrophication, global warming, photochemical oxidation, ozone layer depletion, abiotic depletion and acidification. Results: The results showed that the two plastic wastes are the main contributors to acidification, eutrophication and global warming. However, for photochemical oxidation and water scarcity, the ceramic component residue is the main contributor. Comparing the two scenarios, waste recycling reduces the impacts in all environmental impact categories, in comparison with landfill. Conclusion: Recycling the residues from the production of panels brings improvements in environmental impacts in all categories analyzed.
- Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Conventional Concrete to Ash ConcretePublication . Ferreira, José; Ferreira Silva, Maria Elisabete; Domingos, Idalina; Silva, Luiza; Brás, IsabelIn the present work, the environmental impacts of the concrete made with woody fly ash that presented compressive strength like the conventional concrete were evaluated and compared using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology. The impact assessment method used was the “CML-IA baseline” implemented in SimaPro software. The results showed that concrete with fly ash had a lower impact than conventional concrete in all the impact categories under study and may be classified as an eco-material (eco-concrete) considering that the environmental issues that are minimized are waste reduction, reduce of landfill problems and resource saving by the utilization of recycled materials.
- A Cradle-to-Grave Life Cycle Assessment Study on a New Countertop MaterialPublication . Silva, Luiza; Silva, Maria; Brás, Isabel; Domingos, Idalina; Ferreira Wessel, Dulcineia; Ferreira, JoséThe life cycle of furniture products has been decreased in the last years as a consequence of the continuous improvement of people’s housing conditions. This behavior increases the waste amount in an urban area. The focus of this study was developing a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) (cradle-to-grave) of a new countertop product. Two scenarios for countertop waste management were proposed, one considering landfilling and another considering recycling. The functional unit chosen was 1 m2 of finished panel (countertop) and the boundary system involved the study of raw materials, product packaging, the panel production process, the installation process, the panel use, and its end of life. The chosen method for impact assessment was EPD (2018) available in the SimaPro PhD software. The results showed that recycling has a positive effect on the environmental impacts, with the variation ranging from 0.3% on Abiotic Depletion (FF) to 15.9% on Eutrophication. A comparison between the product studied and products with similar functions was also conducted and although this product was not the worst performer, it has a lot of room for improvement.
- A Life Cycle Assessment Study on a New Countertop MaterialPublication . Silva, Luiza; Silva, Elisabete; Brás, Isabel; Domingos, Idalina; Wessel, Dulcineia; Ferreira, JoséThe Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is one of the most important analytical tools available to provide the scientific basis of engineering solutions for sustainability. The focus of this study was a LCA (cradle to gate) of a product intended to be used in countertops. The functional unit chosen was 1 m2 of finished panel (countertop) and the boundary system involved the study of raw materials and product packaging and the panel’s production process. The chosen method for impact assessment was EPD (2018) available in SimaPro PhD software and Acidification, Eutrophication, Global Warming, Photochemical Oxidation, Abiotic Depletion (elements), Abiotic Depletion (fossil fuels), Water Scarcity and Ozone Layer Depletion were the impact categories considered. Results showed that the panel’s manufacturing is the process that presented the highest influence in all categories analyzed ranging from 88% on Abiotic Depletion to approximately 101% on Water Scarcity. Polyvinylchloride (PVC) is the greatest contributors to all impact categories except to Photochemical Oxidation that is the Polyester.