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- Parental Adjustment to Disability, Stress Indicators and the Influence of Social SupportPublication . Felizardo, Sara; Jales Ribeiro, Esperança; Amante, Maria JoãoResearch into families of children and young people with disability maintain that parents or caregivers seem to experience higher levels of global stress than parents of children without disabilities, thereby presenting a high risk of developing disorders in their health and quality of life. The aim of this study is to understand the differences in parental stress and social support among groups of parents whose children have different disabilities in the context of parental adjustment to disability. Considering that adjustment is related to the effectiveness with which the family uses its resources and the support of their social network, we intend to analyse the differences of stress and social support among groups of parents of children with different problems and to clarify the relationships between the variables under study in order to adapt family intervention strategies. For this purpose a comparative, descriptive-correlational study was undertaken. The convenience sample included 152 parents of children with different disabilities (82 with intellectual disability, 37 with motor problems and 33 with autism) supported by schools and institutions in Viseu. The instruments used were: a Portuguese version of the Parenting Stress Index (Abidin, 1995), the Social Support Questionnaire – short version (Pinheiro & Ferreira, 2001) and a Parental Questionnaire (demographic and family data). Data were collected in schools and institutions that support people with disabilities, located in the Municipality of Viseu (Portugal). The results revealed significant differences between groups of parents in the partial results of parental stress, specifically in the Hyperactivity/Distract (DI), Acceptability (AC) and Adaptability (AD), dimensions of the Child Domain subscale (CD stress) and the Role Restriction (RO), dimension of Parent Domain subscale (PD stress). With regard to social support dimensions, we found significant differences between parents in the extent and availability of the social support network (SSQN).
- Benefits for the father from their involvement in the labour and birth sequencePublication . Coutinho, Emília Carvalho; Antunes, Joana Gomes Vilaça Cardoso; Duarte, João Carvalho; Parreira, Vitória Castro; Chaves, Cláudia Margarida Balula; Nelas, Paula Alexandra BatistaThe link between father and child is fundamental, the presence of the former in the birthing room being essential to closer links between the triad. The purpose of this study is to identify the benefits for the father from their involvement during the labor and birth sequence. An integrational review of the literature was carried out together with research on the databases: PubMed, LILACS, SciELO, Institutional Holdings and Digital Libraries and EBSCO Host published between 2000 e 2014. The results demonstrate the existence of a ‘new’ father who is involved in the consultations during the pregnancy and preparations for the birth, his presence in the birthing room making him feel that he is playing an active part in the process encourages him to develop closer and more intimate links leading to a consolidation of the family unit, the assumption of a parental role in addition to being able to share the experience of the birth with the mother and contribute to her well-being. The team of health professionals has a crucial role in the integration of the father into the process of maternity with his presence also being reflected in the humanization of health care. It may be concluded that there are many benefits from paternal involvement in the birth when accompanying the mother from the moment of pregnancy with an active presence during the birth and enjoying the entire process by sharing emotions and feelings and contributing to the humanization of care and an affective link between the triad. The performance of the Specialist Nursing Staff in the areas of Maternal health and Obstetrics is reflected in the inclusion of the father in the birthing room and in the de-mythification of taboos.
- Organization of housework in heterosexual couples: systematic review of the literaturePublication . Cunha, Madalena; André, Suzana; Aparício, Graça; Santos, Eduardo; Nunes, Celso; Estudantes do 23ºCLEAbstract Problem Statement: We currently live in a society where men are increasingly involved in domestic activities yet women continue to be primarily responsible for their execution. Research Questions: Does the organisation of housework in heterosexual couples varies in frequency and time based on sex? Does the time spent performing household activities differ by gender? Which household chores are performed more often by women and by men? Which variables influence the division of domestic labour between women and men? Purpose of the Study: The aim of this paper is to assess the fairness of the division of housework between men and women, how often men perform it as well as how much time they spend on it in accordance with sociodemographic variables. Research Methods: The study was conducted based on the principles proposed by the Cochrane Handbook. A systematic review of the literature from September to November 2013 was carried out. A critical analysis was performed separately by two researchers. Findings: The variable which most influences division of housework is income, and the one which most influences time spent on doing it is gender. Conclusion: The division of housework between men and women is not equal, with women being overloaded. Sex should therefore be considered in planning children’s educational activities.
- Homework in primary education from the perspective of teachers and pupilsPublication . Costa, Marina; Cardoso, Ana Paula; Lacerda, Carla; Costa Lopes, Ana Maria; Gomes, CelesteThis study aims to understand the perceptions of teachers and students of the 4th year of schooling regarding homework and its relationship with the act of studying. A comparative research of a descriptive-correlational nature was undertaken, comprising two questionnaires one to the teachers and another to their pupils. The study covered a sample of fourteen primary teachers from all Nelas municipality state schools (central region of Portugal), and 128 pupils, aged from 9 to 11 years and of both sexes, in identical percentage. Data obtained show that all teachers ask their students to do homework, especially in the areas of Portuguese and Mathematics and consider it essential for learning. The students generally like to do their homework and consider it important. For the most part, if they could decide, students would do homework because it helps them to consolidate the content taught. Knowing the teachers and students perceptions about the homework is fundamental to developing teaching strategies that contribute to the academic success of all students.
- Knowledge Questionnaire over Forensics Nursing PracticesPublication . Cunha, Madalena; Libório, Rui; Coelho, MauroAbstract Problem Statement: The forensics nursing science combines the clinical approach to the person who is a victim of violence with the investigation related to the search of traces of that situation. Research Questions: What is the level of knowledge over forensics practices in nursing students? Purpose of the Study: Evaluate the level of knowledge over forensics practices of the nursing students; describe the relation of the social demographic, academical and training variables in forensics nursing with the level of knowledge. Research Methods: A descriptive study conducted with a convenience sample of 190 nursing students. 78.9% female, 49.5% with mean ages of 22.44. The content of the Knowledge Questionnaire over Forensics Nursing Practices – KQFNP Cunha & Libório was built based on the literature revision and submitted to the appreciation of an external judge, expert in the area. Findings: The majority of the students scored with good level of knowledge (40%). The knowledge of insufficient level occurred in 36.3% and the sufficient in 23.7%. There was a deficit of knowledge over: practical aspects of the traces preservation: use of paper bags; care of the aggressors; the possibility of glass and ink constitute forensics traces. Conclusions: The evidences found enhance the need of investment in the training of the students over the forensic nursing practices, particularly concerning the aspects in which reveal a knowledge deficit, enabling them to adopt good practices. This research began the psychometric study of the KQFNP, however, it is recommended the performance of other investigations in order to proceed the validation.
- Anxiety, depression and stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritisPublication . Cunha, Madalena; Ribeiro, Ana; André, SuzanaAbstract Problem Statement: Rheumatic diseases carries a high physical, psychological and social impact, with relevant multi-dimensional assessment of psychosocial functioning of these rheumatic patients, reasons for carrying out the present study. Research Questions: What is the prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? Purpose of the Study: This aimed to identify the prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress in people with rheumatoid arthritis These have in our population worse quality of life indicators, when compared with the general population. Research Methods The study observational was conducted with 80 participants, 82.5% were female, aged between 21 and 80 years, with an average of 58.16 years. Was applied “Health Assessment Questionnaire” (Fries, 197, validated by Santos Reis, Rebelo, Days, Pink & Queiroz, 1996); “Anxiety Scale, Depression and Stress” (PF Lovibond and Lovibond SH, 1995, adapted by Ribeiro, Honored and Leal, 2004). Findings: Moderate and high anxiety was found in 37.5% of the sample and severe depressive symptoms in 35%, which are higher in women (♀40,9%; ♂39,4%). Stress presented high in 42.5% of subjects. The anxiety and depression are higher in the females participants, with increased pain and superior functional impairment. Stress increases with the low income and worsening of health status. Conclusions: Nursing care to these people should include interventions aimed at screening, referral and treatment of these clinical outbreaks. These nosological entities should also be considered when planning educational activities / training of future health professionals.
- Sleep quality determinants among nursing studentsPublication . Silva, Madalena; Chaves, Claudia; Duarte, João; Amaral, Odete; Ferreira, ManuelaHigher education has influenced students’ concepts of sleeping time leading to a deficit of sleep quality. Sleep disorders constitute one of the most pertinent health problems in western society. Identify the factors that influence the sleep quality in nursing students; Identify which social demographic and academic variants interfere with sleep quality; Analyze the influence of variables of psychological context and investigate the relationship between the daytime somnolence with the sleep quality in nursing students. Analytic, descriptive and correlational study in a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 403 nursing students. We applied a Sociodemographic and Academic characterization survey, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Scale, Eysenck Personality Inventory, Anxiety scale, Stress and depression and Pittsburgh h Sleep Quality Index. The students’ average age is 23.61 years. Women (86.0%) attending the fourth year (27.4%) reveal less sleep quality (63.2%) and more daytime somnolence (24.3%). First year students aged 20 years residing alone in rural areas present higher levels of anxiety, are less extroverted and more neurotic, reveal less sleep quality. Sleep disorders constitute a public health problem that requires intervention and adopting educational measures and promoting health awareness raising in educational institutions in order to improve student action in building up of their own sleep quality.
- Lifestyles and surveillance of sexual and reproductive women’s healthPublication . Ferreira, M.; Ferreira, S.; Ferreira, N.; Andrade, J.; Chaves, C.; Duarte, J.Abstract: Background: The epidemic increase of diseases is closely related to lifestyle changes. The low adhesion to breast self-examination and cervical cytology hinders prevention and early diagnosis during the asymptomatic state of two silent diseases, with nonspecific symptoms that are a major cause of death by cancer in the Portuguese female population. Objectives: To analyze the influence of sociodemographic variables and lifestyles in the surveillance of sexual and reproductive health of Portuguese women. Methods: Quantitative, non-experimental, correlational and cross-sectional study, conducted with a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 522 women aged between 18 and 67 years old, who applied the questionnaires about Breast self-examination, Knowledge about cervical cancer and the Inventory "My Lifestyle" (Ribeiro, 1993. Results: The average age of women is 38.89 years old. Women aged 31-37 years old (28.6%), Portuguese (99.1%), cohabiting with a partner and / or child (74.0%), with an active employment status (67 5%), residing in urban areas (55.8%) with higher education and attending family planning consultations have better lifestyles, without statistical significance (F = 0.016, p = 0.899). Conclusions: Healthy behaviors and lifestyles are crucial to good overall health. Adhesion to surveillance of sexual and reproductive women’s health is influenced by several factors, including the place of residence, employment status and lifestyles. These variables must be considered by health professionals when planning periodic screenings.
- Maternal affection and motivation for breastfeedingPublication . Pinto, Edite; Chaves, Cláudia; Duarte, João; Nelas, Paula; Coutinho, EmíliaSeveral studies by UNICEF, OMS and other childhood protection institutions have concluded that the breastfeeding is considered an important strategy for infantile survival. Thus, the motivation for breastfeeding is an important variable which should be considered, given that motivation is the agent propeller of all action. To identify whether maternal affection conditions the motivation for maternal breast feeding. Quantitative, transverse, descriptive-correlational and explanatory study, using a the nonprobabilistic convenience sample (N=235 women). Data is collected by a questionnaire, including the inventory of maternal affection (Mary & Muller, 1994, adapted by Garcia Galvão, 2000) and Motivation for breastfeeding Scale (Nelas et al., 2008). Most of the women have breastfeeding experience and they indicate as reasons for dissatisfaction with breastfeeding experiencing nipple pain. The women reveal positive maternal affection. The mothers with lower education reveal less maternal affection. More affection existed in the women who fell supported by counseling groups for breastfeeding. The women are motivated for breastfeeding and they reveal positive levels of maternal affection.