Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-09-15"
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Wood-Poly(furfuryl Alcohol) Prepreg: A Novel, Ecofriendly Laminate CompositePublication . Acosta, Andrey Pereira; Esteves, Bruno; Cruz, Joziel Aparecido da; Aramburu, Arthur Behenck; Kairyte, Agne; Czlonka, Sylwia; Ramos, Dionatan Orestes; xGoularte, Darci Alberto Gatto; Delucis, Rafael de Avila; Gatto, Darci Alberto; Amico, Sandro CamposPrepregs are commonly fabricated with non-renewable petroleum-based materials. To reduce the impact of the manufacturing of these materials and to produce more sustainable prepregs, this research aims to manufacture poly(furfuryl alcohol)/wood veneer prepregs and their posterior molding in laminate composites. For this purpose, the vacuum infusion process was used to impregnate the wood veneers, and compression molding was applied to manufacture three- and four-layer laminate composites. Scanning electronic microscopy was used to evaluate the impregnation. the laminate manufacturing and differential scanning calorimetry were used to predict the shelf-life of the prepregs, Fourier-transform infrared was used to evaluate the induced hydrolysis resistance, and thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine the thermal degradation of the laminates. Moreover, water uptake and flexural, compressive, and tensile properties were evaluated. The kinetic models were effective and showed a shelf life for the laminates of approximately 30 days in storage at −7 ◦C, which is an interesting result for laminates with lignocellulosic materials. FTIR proved the laminates’ excellent resistance to hydrolysis. The water absorption, thermal stability, and mechanical properties did not differ as the amount of wood veneer increased, but these results were up to ~40% higher compared with unidirectional wood laminates found in the literature, which is probably linked to the excellent interface observed with SEM.
- Review of Measures to Control Airborne Pollutants in Broiler HousingPublication . Pereira, José L.S.; Garcia, Carla; Trindade, HenriqueBroiler housing is a significant source of airborne pollutants from animal production, which lead to degradation of indoor air quality and outdoor emissions, particularly ammonia, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen sulphide, odours and particulate matter. In this chapter, we first analyse the current state of the art on the consequences of these pollutants on broiler farming, farm workers, and the environment. This includes the factors affecting pollutants generation, quantification, and mitigation measures suppressing airborne pollutants. Next, we describe different best available techniques for environmental protection and sustainability of broiler production, namely feeds and feeding management, feed supplements, bedding management and treatment of exhaust air. Thus, broiler farms should select mitigation strategies based on several considerations, such as location, climate conditions, environmental policies and financial resources
- The Implications of Animal Manure Management on Ammonia and Greenhouse Gas EmissionsPublication . Fangueiro, David; Merino, Pilar; Pantelopoulos, Athanasios; L.S. Pereira, José; Amon, Barbara; Chadwick, DavidHigh livestock densities and the subsequent generation of large quantities of manure, in some areas of the world, generate hotspots of increased environmental risks through ammonia (NH3) and greenhouse gas (methane, CH4; nitrous oxide, N2O) emissions. Livestock production is therefore facing increased pressures from society to comply with environmental legislation, so that systems are managed in a sustainable and environmentally friendly manner. A key solution to minimize or avoid environmental and health concerns associated with manure is to ensure appropriate feeding strategies as well as manure management techniques through the entire manure management chain from animal housing, storage of manure, treatment operations and finally application to soil. An integrated framework is needed to allow practical, cost-effective on-farm strategies to be selected, which will reduce losses and improve resource use efficiencies. In this chapter, we first analyse the contribution of manure management to NH3 and GHG emissions with focus on bovine, pig and poultry manure. We then describe different mitigation options for reducing gaseous emissions along the manure management chain in terms of their efficiency to decrease NH3 and GHG emissions and their applicability. Finally, we present and assess two case studies of integrated manure management strategies to reduce gaseous emissions.