RE - Série 2, n.º 14: (2021)
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- Moderation and moderated mediation in the analysis of non-nutritive sucking pattern of preterm newbornsPublication . Cunha, Manuel; Diniz, Ana; Barreiros, JoãoIntroduction: Stimulation of non-nutritive suction has been shown to influence the maturation process of nutritive suction. Objective: Analyze the effect of maturation on the suction pattern, mediated by the time of experience. Methods: Sample consisting of 34 newborns with an average gestational age of 33.2 weeks and an average experience time of 14.7 days. We used the suction pattern as a moderation model. The dependent variable is the average number of sucks, and the independent variables considered are gestational age (maturation) and length of experience (moderator). Results: A positive relationship between experience and suction pattern was found, variable with time of practice and more evident after 32 weeks of gestational age. Conclusion: The statistical evidence found has clinical relevance in the design of intervention programs to stimulate the sucking of premature newborns, and is of interest to health professionals with intervention in the field.
- Retention in schoolPublication . Silva, Cláudia Ribeiro da; Veiga, Feliciano; Pinto, Élia Silva; Ferreira, IsabelIntroduction: In Portugal, the retention in school presents worrying figures. The indicator "Direct Paths to Success", created by the Ministry of Education, shows that the majority of students who did not finish secondary school in 2019 was because they failed a year or had a negative score in at least one of the national exams. Out of a universe of 456,368 students, only 201,937 (44%) had the so-called "direct success path". (Source: http://infoescolas.mec.pt/ 02/2019) Objetives: The main goal of this study is to inquire if the students who had been held back were the ones who showed at the beginning of the school year less emotional commitment in comparison with students that moved forward. Methods: The sample comprises 330 students from the 10th grade of a secondary school in Lisbon, and the data were collected using a scale proposed by Veiga (2013, 2014, 2016) – Student’s Engagement in School (EAE-E4D), at the end of the first school term. Results: Considerable differences emerged between the two groups in all the items of the affective dimension. The group retained had the worst results. Conclusion: The students’ affective engagement is crucial for academic success, and school should promote it through strategies that can provide their well-being and prevent retention.
- Low-income people and pro-environmental behaviorPublication . Ferreira, Maria Augusta; Santana, SuelyIntroduction: Poverty and environmental problems are two major concerns humanity is facing in its pursuit for a better quality of life. Objetive: Relate, from a perspective of psychology and environmental management, poverty with the pro-environmental behavior of low-income people. Methods: A literature review was carried out. The search for articles to be reviewed considered three main criteria: 1. the articles are related to a certain kind of pro-environmental behavior in a specific context, and have an environmental management approach; 2. low-income people are the central focus of the research, not just another sociodemographic aspect; 3. the articles are based on one of the two main psychological theories applied to environmental management and pro-environmental behavior, Social Cognitive Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior. Results: The eleven articles analyzed share the conclusion that psychological factors – especially self-efficacy – contribute to a better understanding of the possibilities and impediments for low-income people to practice pro-environmental behavior. Conclusion: These articles go beyond the obvious income-related analysis that limits the problematic to a money/income issue. They significantly contribute to the improvement of environmental management and policies that are able to include low-income people in the common effort to preserve nature.
- Quality of life and self-perception of health related to oral healthPublication . Ramos, Olga Moura; Soares, Salete
- Clinical supervision strategiesPublication . Pires, Regina; Santos, Margarida Reis; Pereira, Filipe; Pires, MargaridaIntroduction: The clinical supervision in nursing is a formal process of monitoring clinical practice, which aims to promote professional development, client protection and safety of care, through processes of reflection and analysis of practices. Objective: Identify current clinical supervision strategies. Methods: Qualitative, exploratory study. A total of 42 nurses were recruited from three health centres in the north of Portugal. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews and the analysis was performed according to the principles of the grounded theory method. Results: From the analysis, the category critical-reflexive analysis of practices emerged and the respective dimensions and subcategories. The dimensions identified were: “Intrapersonal dimension”, from which two subcategories emerged; and the “Interpersonal dimension”, from which ten subcategories emerged. Conclusion: Results identified a set of current supervisory strategies in use, promoting professional development, namely, the critical-reflexive analysis of practices. However, several constraints of individual and contextual nature were found to interfere with the operationalization of this strategy, meaning that further research is needed.
- Freshness index determination in Sardina pilchardusPublication . Diez, Beatriz; Carvalho, Maria João Barata; Costa, Manuela; Periago, Maria; Palma, Silvina FerroIntroduction: Sardine (Sardinha pilchardus) is pelagic specie, from Clupeidae family, being one of the most abundant fishes all over the world. The term "quality" in fish refers to the index of freshness evaluation in accordance to the Regulation (EC) No. 2406/96 of November 26th, namely the esthetical appearance, freshness and degree of deterioration that the fish had suffered. Objective: To evaluate the freshness index, hygienic quality and bromatological composition of sardines in different commercial shops in Beja, Alentejo. Methods: Four different lots of Sardinha pilchardus were evaluated from the four commercial shops (20 sardines/lots), and classification was made of the category of each of the lots was carried out by the Reg. (EC) No. 2406/96 tables. Physical-chemical analysis was made: determination of Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen (TVB-N), refractive index of vitreous humor (RI), pH, colour, texture, bromatological analysis, and microbiological analysis. Results: TVB-N values for the different samples was lower than 14 mg/100g, as mentioned in Reg. (EC) No 1022/2008 it should be lower than 20 to 30mg/100g, and therefore the 4 samples respected that criteria. Microbiological analysis showed that the samples were within the acceptable values. The sardines presented average nutritional values of 161 Kcal/100g, which are lower than reference values from INSA (2007) nutritional table, eventually due to the low fat content by this time of the year (Spring). Conclusion: The sardines showed freshness categories of Extra and A, and hence emphasized a satisfactory state for consumption. The most expounding analyzes for the determination of freshness were the TVB-N, the instrumental texture and the Refraction Index.
- Relevance of information when elderly returning home after cataract surgeryPublication . Costa, Dina; Maltez, Filomena; Mota, Liliana; Príncipe, FernandaIntroduction: Cataracts, associated with the senescence process, lead to visual changes that condition daily life. A surgical procedure is the standard treatment, which makes nurses a privileged professional group to identify both the potential and difficulties of these patients so as to facilitate their health/illness transition when they return home. Objetive: To explore the information that nurses provide in preparing the return home of elderly patients after cataract surgery. Methods: Qualitative research study, with data collection using the focus group technique, based on an intentional sample composed of six nurses. Data analysis was performed with a posteriori categorization according to Bardin (2015). Results: Three categories of relevant topics were found: “Facilitating/inhibiting factors” (age, cognitive ability, awareness of their clinical and socioeconomic situation); “Management of the post-operative therapeutic regimen” (medication regimen and prior preparation); “Promotion of the potential for autonomy” (empowerment and organizational management). Conclusion: The recognition of relevant information in preparing for homecoming allows clinical pathways to be defined with a view to better decision making, in favour of guaranteeing the quality and continuity of care.
- Infrared thermography for risk reduction of nosocomial cross infections during the COVID-19 pandemicPublication . Castro, Renata Rodrigues Teixeira de; Neto, João Giffoni da Silveira; Alves, Leonardo de Souza Moreira; Moreno, Adalgiza Mafra; Orsini, Marco; Castro, Roberta Rodrigues Teixeira deAmong millions of people who may be infected with COVID-19, patients with cardiovascular disease and cancer exhibit the highest risks of having worse outcomes. These patients are subject to chronic disease decompensation and may be subjected to cross infection while visiting health facilities that are taking care of COVID-19 infected patients. Infrared thermography is a radiation-free, relatively inexpensive, non-contact, and non-invasive technology that could be used for mass-screening of patients and visitors with fever, especially in services where patients with cardiovascular disease seek for medical care, reducing the risk of cross infection.
- Biological control of dryocosmus kuriphilus yasumatsu with the parasitoid torymus sinensis KamijoPublication . Cardoso, João; Almeida, Maria Teresa; Bento, AlbinoIntroduction: The chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), is a gall inducing insect original from China that attacks the Castanea genus and can significantly hinder production of chestnut trees. The most effective and used method of control of D. kuriphilus is based on the releases of Torymus sinensis Kamijo (Hymenoptera: Torymidae), a specific parasitoid of D. kuriphilus and native in its natural habitat of origin (China). Objectives: To evaluate T. sinensis ability to establish a population, its dispersion ability and the effect of the release density on the populations of D. kuriphilus in the Portuguese region of Minho. Methods: T. sinensis releases were made in three sites in the Barcelos and Viana do Castelo counties. Results: The presence of T. sinensis was found in three sites of release one year after the releases and in two sites two years after the releases. Presence of T. sinensis was also found at 200 meters distance from the release sites. Conclusion: The average parasitism rates found due to T. sinensis were between 1.3% and 3.9% in the first year, and 0.8% and 13% in the second year, which are within the range described in the international literature.