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- Media literacy in higher education: perceptions about ethical issues in journalism among students of a social communication coursePublication . Morais, Nídia Salomé; Martins, Joana; Midões, MiguelThe project “Media Literacy in Higher Education: an exploratory study within Media Studies Students” aims to assess the degree of media literacy of students in the field of Communication Sciences, namely in terms of its ethical challenges. This article presents partial results of the student’s assessment in terms of journalism practices and its code of ethics. 72 students, from the three years of the degree in Media Studies of the School of Education of Viseu, were asked to evaluate a series of practical cases, with ethical challenges, within the scope of print journalism. The answers show that, within the first year of the course, there are some doubts regarding the journalist's behaviour, which do not exist among the other students. The lack of knowledge about the need to distance oneself from the news and the doubts regarding a possible payment to the sources of information are the main doubts of the first-year students, although, as they advance in the course, these issues are no longer visible in the answers of the secondand third-year students. In the evaluation of practical cases, all the respondents demonstrate a good critical capacity regarding the examples presented. These data align with the expected acquisition of skills and knowledge and reflect a profile at the end of the course, which shows that students are well prepared from the ethical and behavioural point of view in journalism.
- The importance of education and media literacy. A profile of students leaving the first cycle of studies in communication sciencesPublication . Martins, Joana; Midões, Miguel; Morais, Nídia SaloméThe project "Media Literacy in Higher Education: an exploratory study within Media Studies students" aims to assess the degree of media literacy of students in the field of Communication Sciences, considering that they are about to join one of the main areas that face, in a daily basis, the challenge of misinformation. Thus, starting from the case of the Social Communication course taught at the Superior School of Education/ Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, we applied the first phase of a questionnaire survey designed and validated to assess the degree of preparation of future professionals in this area. The first results of the questionnaire, applied at the end of the 2020/2021 school year, show some tendencies in the profile of students attending the final year of the degree (3rd year) and raise some warnings, mainly because it regards young people, about to enter the market, with apparent difficulties in distinguishing information from entertainment and opinion. Regarding journalism as a profession, the significant doubts concern whether entertainment programs include journalists subject to the code of ethics. Students seem to be unaware of the differences between information programs and entertainment programs, probably due to the dilution of barriers and the emergence of new infotainment formats. This difficulty in clearly distinguishing between information and entertainment is also noticeable because many respondents classify a general culture program as an information program. As for the distinction between information and opinion, half of the students misclassify the excerpts presented, which denotes the difficulty of distinguishing texts in which the author makes value judgments from texts in which comments are attributed to sources of information.
- Higher Education Students’ Perception Toward the Portuguese and Foreign Media Sector.Publication . Morais, Nídia Salomé; Martins, Joana; Midões, MiguelIn the scope of research on media literacy, knowledge about the media sector can be understood as an advantage for the full exercise of citizenship, in the sense that it allows citizens to have a critical and enlightened relationship with the media and the media field [1]. In an era when the consumer of media products is also "the messenger, the producer, the innovator and creator" [2], it is important to know the skills of those who will be the future media professionals, one of the groups that, among other skills, should have a deep knowledge about the media sector. Having as reference the results of the project "Media Literacy in Higher Education: an exploratory study with social communication students" which is taking place at the Superior School of Education / Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, this article presents the main conclusions concerning the students' knowledge about the media sector in Portugal and worldwide. The questionnaire survey applied to students of all three years of the course in May 2021 reveals that the vast majority were able to identify the groups that own different media in Portugal. Although no significant differences were found according to the year attended, it should be noted that the 1st year students show a good knowledge of the media sector, in some cases with higher averages than those identified for the 2nd and 3rd year. In general, the results are encouraging: for all the questions concerning the identification of the belonging of the Portuguese media to the respective economic groups, the great majority of the students of the course correctly pointed out the group in question. In the questions related to the media sector in the world, the students who participated in the study also revealed good knowledge, with the great majority being able to correctly identify the nationality of the television channel "BBC" and "Fox News" and all were able to identify a French and a Spanish newspaper, with the majority mentioning "Le Monde" and "El País" respectively. The evaluation of this dimension of media literacy among higher education students of a communication sciences course reveals positive results, in the sense that the participants' perception of the media sector in Portugal and in the world is clear and consistent.