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- Sleep duration, risk of obesity, and parental perceptions of residential neighborhood environments in 6–9 years‐old childrenPublication . Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides; Rodrigues, Daniela; Gama, Augusta; Nogueira, Helena; Mascarenhas, Luís P.; Padez, CristinaObjectives: The present study aimed to analyze the association between healthy sleep duration of children and the parental perception of the social/built environment. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done and a sample of 8273 children (4183 females) aged 6–9 years was observed. Height (cm) and weight (Kg) were measured, and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Participants were classified as normal weight or overweight/obese. Sleep habits, sedentary behaviors (i.e., TV viewing) and environmental variables were assessed by questionnaire. Logistic regressions were used, with adjustments for age, sex, BMI, and sedentary time. Results: Children whose parents reported a positive perception of the built environment in the residential area were 1.21 times more likely to have regular sleep habits during weekdays. Furthermore, children whose parents reported a negative perception of the social environment and safety were 81% more likely to have irregular sleep habits during the weekdays. Conclusions: The present study revealed a positive association between regular sleep during the weekdays and the parental perception of the social/built environment (land use and urban design).
- Adiposity and Physical Activity Do Not Mediate the Longitudinal Association Between Sleep Quality and Arterial Thickness Among AdolescentsPublication . Cayres, Suziane; Vanderlei, Luiz Carlos; Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides; Werneck, André; Barbosa, Maurício; Fernandes, RomuloStudy Objectives: Sleep is a behavior with the potential to affect cardiovascular health. Given the fact that adiposity and physical activity seem to be related to cardiovascular risk factors during growth, it is still unclear whether sleep quality could affect arterial thickness among adolescents. Thus, the objective of the current study was to analyze the effect of sleep quality on arterial thickness and identify the possible mediation role of physical activity and trunk fat in adolescents. Methods: This was a longitudinal study (12-month follow-up) composed of 71 adolescents with ages ranging from 11 to 14 years at baseline (absence of any known chronic diseases, and no regular medicine use). All variables were assessed twice (baseline and 12-month follow-up): (1) sleep quality was reported using the Mini Sleep Questionnaire (MSQ); (2) physical activity was estimated using pedometers; (3) trunk fat was assessed using a densitometry scanner; and (4) carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and femoral intima-media thickness (FIMT) were assessed using ultrasonography. Results: Adolescents who presented poor sleep quality demonstrated significantly increased FIMT (r = .299, 95% confidence interval .071 to .498) and for every point increase in the MSQ score from baseline to follow-up there was a 1.12% (95% confidence interval 0.26 to 1.98) increase in FIMT over time. Moreover, trunk fat and physical activity did not mediate the association between sleep quality and arterial thickness, but FIMT had a positive and independent relationship only with trunk fat. Conclusions: Sleep quality was positively associated with FIMT among adolescents, whereas physical activity and adiposity did not mediate this process.