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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: As Infeções Associadas aos Cuidados de Saúde (IACS) são atualmente uma epidemia silenciosa, sendo o seu evento adverso mais frequente ao nível da prestação de cuidados de saúde.
Objetivo: Identificar o conhecimento e a adesão de precauções básicas do controlo da infeção (PBCI) por parte de enfermeiros a exercer em Cuidados de Saúde Primários da região centro de Portugal; conhecer a perceção dos enfermeiros face às PBCI.
Métodos: Estudo quantitativo e descritivo (1) e qualitativo de análise de conteúdo (2). No estudo 1 utilizou-se o questionário como instrumento de recolha de dados, aplicado a 108 enfermeiros, maioritariamente do género feminino (82,4%), com uma idade média de 42,018,719 dp; no estudo 2 recorreu-se a uma entrevista semiestruturada, a uma amostra de 11 enfermeiros.
Resultados: Estudo 1 – Os enfermeiros: com menos tempo de serviço revelaram mais conhecimento adequado e uma maior adesão às PBCI (recolha segura de resíduos; p=0,043); os que possuem mestrado higienizam com mais frequência as mãos, apresentam mais conhecimento sobre este procedimento e adotam com mais frequência os EPI’s (lavagem das mãos p=0,033; adoção de EPI’s p=0,027); os enfermeiros especialistas higienizam as mãos com mais frequência (recolha segura de resíduos X2=11,289; p=0,004); os muito motivados para realizar/seguir os protolocos de controlo das IACS apresentam conhecimento mais adequado e maior adesão das PBCI (adoção de EPI’s p=0,003; recolha segura de resíduos p=0,004); os que consideram a sua prática muito adequada evidenciam mais conhecimento e adesão das PBCI (lavagem das mãos p=0,001; adoção de EPI’s p=0,000; recolha segura de resíduos p=0,041). Estudo 2 - na generalidade, adotam as PBCI no seu quotidiano profissional; atribuíram importância às ações de formação sobre as IACS; sentem-se motivados para realizar/seguir os protocolos das IACS, no local de trabalho; avaliam a sua prática habitual de controlo das IACS como razoável; seguem as normas preconizadas pela DGS para a higienização das mãos; as PBCI adotadas no uso dos EPI’s são: bata, luvas, máscara cirúrgica, avental (descartável), calçado adequado e óculos de proteção em situações onde há o risco de salpicos.
Conclusão: Deve existir um maior esclarecimento quanto aos possíveis perigos e riscos ambientais e de saúde, resultantes de práticas não adequadas face às PBCI.
Palavras-chave: Infeção; Precauções Básicas; Conhecimento; Adesão, Enfermeiros.
Abstract Background: Health Care Associated Infections (IACS) is currently a silent epidemic, with its most frequent adverse event at the level of health care delivery. Objective: To identify the knowledge and adherence of basic precautions for infection control (PBCI) by nurses to practice in Primary Health Care in the central region of Portugal; Knowledge of the nurses' perception of PBCI. Methods: Quantitative and descriptive study (1) and qualitative content analysis (2). In study 1, the questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument, applied to 108 nurses, mostly female (82.4%), with a mean age of 42,01±8,719 dp; In study 2 a semi-structured interview was used, with a sample of 11 nurses. Results: Study 1 - Nurses: with less time of service revealed more adequate knowledge and greater adherence to PBCI (safe collection of waste, p=0.043); those with masters most frequently clean their hands, present more knowledge about this procedure and more frequently use EPI’s (hand washing p=0.033, adoption of EPI’s p=0.027); specialist nurses sanitize their hands more frequently (safe collection of waste X2=11,289, p=0.004); the IACS control protocols were more motivated to perform /follow the IACS control protocols and the PBCI adherence (adoption of EPI's p=0.003; safe collection of residues p=0.004); (Hand washing p = 0.001, adoption of EPI’s p=0.000, safe collection of residues p=0.041). Study 2 - in general, adopt the PBCI in their professional daily life; Attributed importance to training actions on IACS; Feel motivated to follow/follow IACS protocols in the workplace; Assess their normal practice of monitoring IACS as reasonable; Follow the standards recommended by the DGS for hand hygiene; The PBCI adopted in the use of EPI’s are: gown, gloves, surgical mask, apron (disposable), suitable footwear and goggles in situations where there is a risk of splashing. Conclusion: There should be greater clarification as to possible health and environmental hazards and risks resulting from practices that are not appropriate to PBCI. keywords: Infection; Basic Precautions; Knowledge; Adhesion, Nurses.
Abstract Background: Health Care Associated Infections (IACS) is currently a silent epidemic, with its most frequent adverse event at the level of health care delivery. Objective: To identify the knowledge and adherence of basic precautions for infection control (PBCI) by nurses to practice in Primary Health Care in the central region of Portugal; Knowledge of the nurses' perception of PBCI. Methods: Quantitative and descriptive study (1) and qualitative content analysis (2). In study 1, the questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument, applied to 108 nurses, mostly female (82.4%), with a mean age of 42,01±8,719 dp; In study 2 a semi-structured interview was used, with a sample of 11 nurses. Results: Study 1 - Nurses: with less time of service revealed more adequate knowledge and greater adherence to PBCI (safe collection of waste, p=0.043); those with masters most frequently clean their hands, present more knowledge about this procedure and more frequently use EPI’s (hand washing p=0.033, adoption of EPI’s p=0.027); specialist nurses sanitize their hands more frequently (safe collection of waste X2=11,289, p=0.004); the IACS control protocols were more motivated to perform /follow the IACS control protocols and the PBCI adherence (adoption of EPI's p=0.003; safe collection of residues p=0.004); (Hand washing p = 0.001, adoption of EPI’s p=0.000, safe collection of residues p=0.041). Study 2 - in general, adopt the PBCI in their professional daily life; Attributed importance to training actions on IACS; Feel motivated to follow/follow IACS protocols in the workplace; Assess their normal practice of monitoring IACS as reasonable; Follow the standards recommended by the DGS for hand hygiene; The PBCI adopted in the use of EPI’s are: gown, gloves, surgical mask, apron (disposable), suitable footwear and goggles in situations where there is a risk of splashing. Conclusion: There should be greater clarification as to possible health and environmental hazards and risks resulting from practices that are not appropriate to PBCI. keywords: Infection; Basic Precautions; Knowledge; Adhesion, Nurses.
Description
Keywords
Conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde Controle da infecção Cuidados primários de saúde Enfermagem de cuidados primários Enfermeiros Infecção cruzada Precauções universais Cross infection Health knowledge, attitudes, practice Infection control Nurses Primary care nursing Primary health care Universal precautions