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Satisfação da mulher com os cuidados pré-natais : Contributo da informação em enfermagem durante a gravidez
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Enquadramento: O presente relatório foi desenvolvido no âmbito do Curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica e inclui duas componentes complementares: a componente clínica, com foco no desenvolvimento das competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica nos diferentes contextos assistenciais, e a componente de investigação, subordinada ao tema Satisfação da Mulher com os Cuidados Pré-natais: Contributo da Informação em Enfermagem durante a Gravidez. A investigação parte do pressuposto de que a qualidade da informação disponibilizada durante a vigilância da gravidez constitui um elemento primordial para a capacitação da mulher, a promoção da literacia em saúde, a tomada de decisão informada e a satisfação com os cuidados recebidos.
Objetivos: Na componente clínica pretendeu-se desenvolver e aprimorar as competências comuns e específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica, de acordo com os referenciais da Ordem dos Enfermeiros. Na componente de investigação, avaliar a satisfação da mulher relativamente à informação recebida durante as consultas pré-natais, avaliar a perceção da qualidade da informação disponibilizada pelos enfermeiros e analisar a influência das características sociodemográficas e obstétricas nestas variáveis.
Métodos: A componente clínica baseou-se na realização de estágios em diferentes contextos de cuidados de saúde materna, seguindo uma metodologia crítico-reflexiva. A componente de investigação corresponde a um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal e correlacional, realizado com mulheres alvo de vigilância da gravidez. O protocolo de recolha de dados integrou um questionário sociodemográfico e obstétrico; a Escala de Satisfação com a Informação nas Consultas Pré-Natais (ESICPN), especificamente desenvolvida para este estudo; e a Escala de Qualidade da Informação (EQI), de Coutinho et al (2022).
Resultados: A componente clínica permitiu consolidar competências específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica nas áreas da vigilância pré-natal, trabalho de parto, parto, puerpério, saúde ginecológica e planeamento familiar, promovendo uma prática baseada na evidência e centrada na mulher. Participaram no estudo 301 mulheres alvo de vigilância da gravidez. A Escala de Satisfação com a Informação nas Consultas Pré-Natais (ESICPN) evidenciou excelente consistência interna nas três dimensões (α=0,945; α=0,950; α=0,920). Verificaram-se níveis elevados de satisfação relativamente à informação disponibilizada durante as consultas de enfermagem e uma avaliação global positiva da qualidade da informação. A idade, a escolaridade e a realização de consulta pré-concecional influenciaram significativamente a satisfação e a perceção da qualidade da informação, com avaliações mais favoráveis entre as mulheres mais velhas, com ensino superior e que realizaram consulta pré-concecional (p<0,05).
Conclusão: O percurso clínico desenvolvido contribuiu para a consolidação de uma prática especializada, assente na evidência científica, na comunicação terapêutica e na prestação de cuidados centrados na mulher e na família. Os resultados da investigação reforçam a importância da disponibilização de informação clara, compreensível, completa, correta e útil durante a vigilância da gravidez, evidenciando a necessidade de adequar a comunicação às características individuais de cada mulher e de valorizar a consulta pré-concecional como espaço privilegiado de promoção da literacia em saúde e de melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem em saúde materna.
Palavras-chave: Enfermagem obstétrica; cuidados pré-natais; satisfação da mulher; qualidade da informação; literacia em saúde; consulta pré-concecional.
Abstract Background: This report was developed as part of the Master's Degree in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing and comprises two complementary components: a clinical component, focused on the development of the competencies required of a Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing across different healthcare settings, and a research component entitled Women's Satisfaction with Prenatal Care: The Contribution of Nursing Information during Pregnancy. The research is based on the premise that the quality of information provided during antenatal care is a key factor in empowering women, promoting health literacy, supporting informed decision-making, and enhancing satisfaction with the care received. Objectives: The clinical component aimed to develop and enhance the common and specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing, in accordance with the competency framework established by the Portuguese Order of Nurses. The research component aimed to assess women's satisfaction with the information received during antenatal care consultations, evaluate their perception of the quality of the information provided by nurses, and analyse the influence of sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics on these variables. Methods: The clinical component was based on clinical placements undertaken in different maternal healthcare settings, following a critical-reflective approach. The research component consisted of a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study conducted among women receiving antenatal care. Data were collected using a sociodemographic and obstetric questionnaire, the Satisfaction with Information During Antenatal Care Consultations Scale (ESICPN), specifically developed for this study, and the Information Quality Scale (EQI) developed by Coutinho et al. (2022). Results: The clinical component enabled the consolidation of the specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing in the areas of antenatal care, labour, childbirth, the postpartum period, gynaecological health, and family planning, promoting evidence-based, woman-centred practice. A total of 301 women receiving antenatal care participated in the study. The Satisfaction with Information During Antenatal Care Consultations Scale (ESICPN) demonstrated excellent internal consistency across its three dimensions (α = 0.945, 0.950, and 0.920). High levels of satisfaction with the information provided during nursing consultations and an overall positive perception of information quality were observed. Age, educational level, and attendance at a preconception consultation significantly influenced both satisfaction and perceived information quality, with more favourable evaluations reported by older women, those with higher education, and those who had attended a preconception consultation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The clinical training undertaken contributed to the consolidation of specialised practice grounded in scientific evidence, therapeutic communication, and the provision of woman- and family-centred care. The research findings reinforce the importance of providing clear, understandable, comprehensive, accurate, and useful information throughout antenatal care. They also highlight the need to tailor communication to each woman's individual characteristics and to recognise the preconception consultation as a key opportunity to promote health literacy and enhance the quality of maternal health nursing care. Keywords: Obstetric nurses; antenatal care; women's satisfaction; information quality; health literacy; preconception consultation.
Abstract Background: This report was developed as part of the Master's Degree in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing and comprises two complementary components: a clinical component, focused on the development of the competencies required of a Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing across different healthcare settings, and a research component entitled Women's Satisfaction with Prenatal Care: The Contribution of Nursing Information during Pregnancy. The research is based on the premise that the quality of information provided during antenatal care is a key factor in empowering women, promoting health literacy, supporting informed decision-making, and enhancing satisfaction with the care received. Objectives: The clinical component aimed to develop and enhance the common and specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing, in accordance with the competency framework established by the Portuguese Order of Nurses. The research component aimed to assess women's satisfaction with the information received during antenatal care consultations, evaluate their perception of the quality of the information provided by nurses, and analyse the influence of sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics on these variables. Methods: The clinical component was based on clinical placements undertaken in different maternal healthcare settings, following a critical-reflective approach. The research component consisted of a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study conducted among women receiving antenatal care. Data were collected using a sociodemographic and obstetric questionnaire, the Satisfaction with Information During Antenatal Care Consultations Scale (ESICPN), specifically developed for this study, and the Information Quality Scale (EQI) developed by Coutinho et al. (2022). Results: The clinical component enabled the consolidation of the specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing in the areas of antenatal care, labour, childbirth, the postpartum period, gynaecological health, and family planning, promoting evidence-based, woman-centred practice. A total of 301 women receiving antenatal care participated in the study. The Satisfaction with Information During Antenatal Care Consultations Scale (ESICPN) demonstrated excellent internal consistency across its three dimensions (α = 0.945, 0.950, and 0.920). High levels of satisfaction with the information provided during nursing consultations and an overall positive perception of information quality were observed. Age, educational level, and attendance at a preconception consultation significantly influenced both satisfaction and perceived information quality, with more favourable evaluations reported by older women, those with higher education, and those who had attended a preconception consultation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The clinical training undertaken contributed to the consolidation of specialised practice grounded in scientific evidence, therapeutic communication, and the provision of woman- and family-centred care. The research findings reinforce the importance of providing clear, understandable, comprehensive, accurate, and useful information throughout antenatal care. They also highlight the need to tailor communication to each woman's individual characteristics and to recognise the preconception consultation as a key opportunity to promote health literacy and enhance the quality of maternal health nursing care. Keywords: Obstetric nurses; antenatal care; women's satisfaction; information quality; health literacy; preconception consultation.
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Palavras-chave
Comunicação Cuidado pré-natal Enfermagem obstétrica Gravidez Literacia em saúde Promoção da saúde Relação enfermeiro paciente Satisfação do paciente Communication Health literacy Health promotion Nurse patient relations Obstetric nursing Patient satisfaction Pregnancy Prenatal care