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A entrevista motivacional como intervenção do enfermeiro especialista de saúde mental e psiquiatria, no stress do cuidador informal
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A saúde mental dos cuidadores informais tem sido alvo de pesquisas, devido às comorbilidades físicas e psicológicas que vão surgindo e que trazem consequências nos cuidados prestados, por este motivo é importante que os cuidadores se mantenham em saúde plena.
O presente relatório tem como objetivo descrever e analisar criticamente o percurso de aprendizagem desenvolvido no âmbito do Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica, evidenciando as atividades realizadas nos estágios em contexto de Saúde Mental na Comunidade e Internamento de Doentes Agudos, para a aquisição das competências especializadas.
Durante a prática clínica, foram implementadas intervenções de promoção de saúde mental, psicoeducação e intervenção psicoterapêutica, destacando-se a aplicação da Entrevista Motivacional.
Na componente de investigação, foi realizada uma revisão narrativa de literatura, para sustentar o estudo de caso e a aplicação da Entrevista Motivacional, permitindo verificar que há ganhos em saúde na sua aplicação ao cuidador informal em contexto de cuidados paliativos.
Os resultados evidenciam o contributo da intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em saúde mental e psiquiatria, baseando-se na evidência científica. Sendo a Entrevista Motivacional uma intervenção centrada no doente e que visa o aumentar a motivação para a mudança de comportamento, esta pode constituir uma ferramenta do Enfermeiro Especialista em Saúde Mental e Psiquiatria, para intervir no stress do cuidador informal.
Palavras-Chave: Cuidador Informal, Cuidados Paliativos; Enfermeiro Especialista de Saúde Mental e Psiquiatria, Entrevista Motivacional, Stress.
Abstract The mental health of informal caregivers has been the subject of research, due to the physical and psychological comorbidities that arise and have consequences for the care provided; for this reason, it is important that caregivers maintain their own good health. This report aims to describe and critically analyze the learning path developed within the scope of the Master's Degree in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, highlighting the activities carried out during internships in the context of Community Mental Health and Inpatient Care for Acute Patients, for the acquisition of specialized skills. During clinical practice, mental health promotion, psychoeducation, and psychotherapeutic interventions were implemented, with particular emphasis on the application of Motivational Interviewing. In the research component, a narrative literature review was conducted to support the case study and the application of Motivational Interviewing, allowing us to verify that there are health gains in its application to the informal caregiver in a palliative care context. The results highlight the contribution of the intervention of the specialist nurse in mental health and psychiatry, based on scientific evidence. Since Motivational Interviewing is a patient-centered intervention aimed at increasing motivation for behavioral change, it can be a tool for the Specialist Nurse in Mental Health and Psychiatry to address stress in informal caregivers. Keywords: Informal Caregiver, Palliative Care; Mental Health and Psychiatric Nurse Specialist, Motivational Interviewing, Stress.
Abstract The mental health of informal caregivers has been the subject of research, due to the physical and psychological comorbidities that arise and have consequences for the care provided; for this reason, it is important that caregivers maintain their own good health. This report aims to describe and critically analyze the learning path developed within the scope of the Master's Degree in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, highlighting the activities carried out during internships in the context of Community Mental Health and Inpatient Care for Acute Patients, for the acquisition of specialized skills. During clinical practice, mental health promotion, psychoeducation, and psychotherapeutic interventions were implemented, with particular emphasis on the application of Motivational Interviewing. In the research component, a narrative literature review was conducted to support the case study and the application of Motivational Interviewing, allowing us to verify that there are health gains in its application to the informal caregiver in a palliative care context. The results highlight the contribution of the intervention of the specialist nurse in mental health and psychiatry, based on scientific evidence. Since Motivational Interviewing is a patient-centered intervention aimed at increasing motivation for behavioral change, it can be a tool for the Specialist Nurse in Mental Health and Psychiatry to address stress in informal caregivers. Keywords: Informal Caregiver, Palliative Care; Mental Health and Psychiatric Nurse Specialist, Motivational Interviewing, Stress.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Autocuidado Enfermagem psiquiátrica Entrevista motivacional Prestadores de cuidados Stresse psicológico Tratamento paliativo Caregivers Motivational interviewing Palliative care Psychiatric nursing Self care Stress psychological