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Authors
Abstract(s)
A Arquitetura Bioclimática coloca o utilizador no centro da sua atenção, estabelecendo a
ligação arquitetónica entre o clima (ambientes interiores e exteriores) e o homem. A arquitetura
bioclimática engloba as disciplinas da construção e da arquitetura, juntando-as à climatologia e
ao conforto humano. Todos estes fatores são atributos que devem atrair uma maior atenção para
este tema, pois um edifício com mais atributos naturais e menos artificiais, pode aliar uma
melhor qualidade arquitetónica com uma maior eficiência energética e, principalmente, com
uma melhoria das condições de conforto dos seus utilizadores.
O objetivo principal deste trabalho é identificar estratégias utilizadas na arquitetura bioclimática
para analisar e quantificar a redução do desconforto por sobreaquecimento de um edifício
hoteleiro no Brasil, selecionado como caso de estudo. Foi ainda realizada uma análise de
sensibilidade em diferentes regiões climáticas do Brasil. Para tal começou-se por fazer um
levantamento do estado da arte sobre estratégias de arrefecimento passivo e sobre o contexto
climático brasileiro.
O estudo que foi desenvolvido assentou na simulação numérica do desempenho térmico e
energético de um edifício real.
Para tal, utilizou-se o software de simulação EnergyPlus associado à interface gráfica,
DesignBuilder. O caso de estudo que foi selecionado foi o edifício do Hotel Park São Clemente,
em Nova Friburgo, no estado do Rio de Janeiro no, Brasil. A metodologia adotada no trabalho
inclui a avaliação da eficiência de técnicas de arrefecimento passivo quando aplicadas em
diferentes climas do Brasil.
Definiu-se um plano de simulação, em que se realizaram oito simulações anuais em cada zona
climática, totalizando quarenta simulações. O plano de simulações inclui alterações no modelo
correspondentes à aplicação das diferentes estratégias bioclimáticas de arrefecimento passivo,
nomeadamente o sombreamento, a ventilação natural, a aplicação de uma pintura refletante nas
envolventes exteriores e a aplicação de uma cobertura jardim.
Os resultados obtidos neste estudo permitiram concluir que a aplicação das estratégias de
sombreamento, ventilação e pintura refletante podem ser bastante eficazes, especialmente se
aplicadas em conjunto. Por outro lado, a cobertura jardim, para este caso de estudo, não se
revelou particularmente eficaz.
ABSTRACT: Bioclimatic Architecture, puts the user in the center of its attention, establishing the architectural connection between the climate (indoor and outdoor environments) and man. Bioclimatic architecture encompasses the disciplines of construction and architecture, joining them with climatology and human comfort. All these factors are attributes that should attract more attention to this subject, because a building with more natural and less artificial attributes, can combine better architectural quality with greater energy efficiency and, above all, with an improvement in the comfort conditions of its users. The main objective of this work is to identify strategies used in bioclimatic architecture to analyze and quantify the reduction of discomfort due to overheating of a case study located in different climatic regions of Brazil. For this purpose, a state of the art survey on passive cooling strategies and on the Brazilian climatic context was started. The study that was developed was based on the numerical simulation of the thermal and energy performance of a real building. To this end, the EnergyPlus simulation software associated with the graphic interface, DesignBuilder, was used. The case study that was selected was the building of the Hotel Park São Clemente, in Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro State in Brazil. The methodology adopted at work includes the evaluation of the efficiency of passive cooling techniques when applied in different climates in Brazil. A simulation plan was defined, in which eight annual simulations were performed in each climate zone, totaling forty simulations. The simulation plan includes model changes corresponding to the application of different passive cooling bioclimatic strategies, namely shading, natural ventilation, the application of a reflective painting on the exterior surroundings and the application of a garden cover. The results obtained in this study allowed us to conclude that the application of shading, ventilation and reflective painting strategies are quite effective and can be applied together. On the other hand, the garden cover, for this case of study, did not prove particularly effective.
ABSTRACT: Bioclimatic Architecture, puts the user in the center of its attention, establishing the architectural connection between the climate (indoor and outdoor environments) and man. Bioclimatic architecture encompasses the disciplines of construction and architecture, joining them with climatology and human comfort. All these factors are attributes that should attract more attention to this subject, because a building with more natural and less artificial attributes, can combine better architectural quality with greater energy efficiency and, above all, with an improvement in the comfort conditions of its users. The main objective of this work is to identify strategies used in bioclimatic architecture to analyze and quantify the reduction of discomfort due to overheating of a case study located in different climatic regions of Brazil. For this purpose, a state of the art survey on passive cooling strategies and on the Brazilian climatic context was started. The study that was developed was based on the numerical simulation of the thermal and energy performance of a real building. To this end, the EnergyPlus simulation software associated with the graphic interface, DesignBuilder, was used. The case study that was selected was the building of the Hotel Park São Clemente, in Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro State in Brazil. The methodology adopted at work includes the evaluation of the efficiency of passive cooling techniques when applied in different climates in Brazil. A simulation plan was defined, in which eight annual simulations were performed in each climate zone, totaling forty simulations. The simulation plan includes model changes corresponding to the application of different passive cooling bioclimatic strategies, namely shading, natural ventilation, the application of a reflective painting on the exterior surroundings and the application of a garden cover. The results obtained in this study allowed us to conclude that the application of shading, ventilation and reflective painting strategies are quite effective and can be applied together. On the other hand, the garden cover, for this case of study, did not prove particularly effective.
Description
Keywords
Arquitetura Bioclimática Estratégias bioclimáticas Sombreamento Ventilação natural Pintura refletante Cobertura jardim Simulação numérica EnergyPlus