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Intervenção psicoterapêutica do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de saúde mental e psiquiátrica na pessoa com esquizofrenia : Treino metacognitivo-acute
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O presente relatório, elaborado no âmbito do Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica (MESMP), tem como finalidade documentar o processo de aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento das competências do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de saúde mental e psiquiatria (EEESMP) ao longo deste ciclo de estudos. A prática especializada decorreu em internamento de agudos e em saúde mental comunitária, em pessoas com esquizofrenia em fase de descompensação aguda, evidenciando a relevância da intervenção do enfermeiro especialista (EE) na promoção do insight nas mesmas. Neste contexto, foi implementado o programa Metacognitive Training for Psychosis – Acute (MCT‑acute), com o objetivo de avaliar a sua eficácia na melhoria do insight cognitivo. A metodologia adotada baseou-se em estudos de caso sustentados no processo de enfermagem e na avaliação sistemática dos vieses cognitivos e do insight cognitivo ao longo da intervenção. Os resultados demonstraram uma redução de distorções cognitivas, melhoria na capacidade de reflexão sobre as crenças delirantes e aumento da participação dos doentes no processo terapêutico. O relatório evidencia, ainda, o processo de aprendizagem efetuado no exercício das competências comuns e específicas do EE, nomeadamente na conceção, implementação e avaliação de intervenções de enfermagem fundamentadas na evidência científica, refletindo a articulação entre prática baseada na evidência, investigação e produção de conhecimento especializado. Para além disso, destaca-se o desenvolvimento das competências de mestre, particularmente na capacidade de análise crítica, integração do conhecimento teórico e metodológico e na condução de processos de investigação aplicada que contribuem para a inovação e avanço da prática de enfermagem em saúde mental.
Palavras Chave: Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica; Enfermeiro Especialista; Esquizofrenia; Treino Metacognitivo (MCT-acute); Insight Cognitivo; Prática Baseada na Evidência; Competências de Mestre; Investigação em Enfermagem
Abstract This report, prepared within the scope of the Master’s Degree in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing (MESMP), aims to document the learning process and the development of competencies of the specialist nurse in mental health and psychiatric nursing (SNMHN) throughout this study cycle. The specialized practice took place in inpatient and community mental health settings with individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in an acute phase of decompensation, highlighting the relevance of the specialist nurse’s (SN) intervention in promoting insight among these patients. In this context, the Metacognitive Training for Psychosis – Acute (MCT-acute) program was implemented with the objective of assessing its effectiveness in improving cognitive insight. The adopted methodology was based on case studies supported by the nursing process and the systematic evaluation of cognitive biases and cognitive insight throughout the intervention. The results showed a reduction in cognitive distortions, improved ability to reflect on delusional beliefs, and increased patient engagement in the therapeutic process. The report also highlights the learning process involved in performing the common and specific competencies of the specialist nurse, particularly in the design, implementation, and evaluation of nursing interventions grounded in scientific evidence, reflecting the connection between evidence-based practice, research, and the production of specialized knowledge. Furthermore, it emphasizes the development of master’s-level competencies, particularly the capacity for critical analysis, integration of theoretical and methodological knowledge, and the conduction of applied research processes that contribute to the innovation and advancement of mental health nursing practice. Keywords: Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing; Specialist Nurse; Schizophrenia; Metacognitive Training (MCT-acute); Cognitive Insight; Evidence-Based Practice; Master's Competencies; Nursing Research
Abstract This report, prepared within the scope of the Master’s Degree in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing (MESMP), aims to document the learning process and the development of competencies of the specialist nurse in mental health and psychiatric nursing (SNMHN) throughout this study cycle. The specialized practice took place in inpatient and community mental health settings with individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia in an acute phase of decompensation, highlighting the relevance of the specialist nurse’s (SN) intervention in promoting insight among these patients. In this context, the Metacognitive Training for Psychosis – Acute (MCT-acute) program was implemented with the objective of assessing its effectiveness in improving cognitive insight. The adopted methodology was based on case studies supported by the nursing process and the systematic evaluation of cognitive biases and cognitive insight throughout the intervention. The results showed a reduction in cognitive distortions, improved ability to reflect on delusional beliefs, and increased patient engagement in the therapeutic process. The report also highlights the learning process involved in performing the common and specific competencies of the specialist nurse, particularly in the design, implementation, and evaluation of nursing interventions grounded in scientific evidence, reflecting the connection between evidence-based practice, research, and the production of specialized knowledge. Furthermore, it emphasizes the development of master’s-level competencies, particularly the capacity for critical analysis, integration of theoretical and methodological knowledge, and the conduction of applied research processes that contribute to the innovation and advancement of mental health nursing practice. Keywords: Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing; Specialist Nurse; Schizophrenia; Metacognitive Training (MCT-acute); Cognitive Insight; Evidence-Based Practice; Master's Competencies; Nursing Research
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Cognição Competência profissional Enfermagem psiquiátrica Esquizofrenia Modelos de enfermagem Planeamento de cuidados ao doente Terapia cognitivo comportamental Cognition Cognitive behavioral therapy Models nursing Patient care planning Professional competence Psychiatric nursing Schizophrenia