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Vantagens da implementação precoce e continuada do método canguru : Scoping review
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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: Este relatório abrange a experiência vivida durante o estágio e a aquisição de competências para prestar cuidados de enfermagem especializados à criança e família em cuidados diferenciados. O Método Canguru, recomendado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, reduz a mortalidade neonatal e gera benefícios a nível do vínculo mãe/recém-nascido, regulação da temperatura e promoção da amamentação. Embora o método tenha sido amplamente estudado em recém-nascidos prematuros, existem poucas evidências sobre sua aplicação em recém-nascidos de termo, especialmente em ambientes pós-parto e domiciliares.
Objetivos: Descrever e refletir sobre o percurso formativo de estágio em cuidados diferenciados, incidindo sobre o desenvolvimento de competências comuns e específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica e reunir a evidência científica acerca dos benefícios a curto e longo prazo do Método Canguru nos recém-nascidos pré-termo tardio e de termo saudáveis.
Metodologia: Descritivo-reflexiva sobre o percurso formativo do estágio. A revisão seguiu a metodologia da scoping review, conforme as diretrizes do Joanna Briggs Institute e PRISMA-ScR. A estratégia de pesquisa foi orientada pela mnemónica População, Conceito e Contexto, com foco nos recém-nascidos pré-termo tardios e de termo saudáveis, a aplicação do Método Canguru pela mãe ou outro cuidador, e em contexto de enfermarias obstétricas e domicílio. A pesquisa foi realizada em fevereiro de 2025 nas bases de dados como PubMed, CINAHL, Nursing & Allied Health Collection e MedicLatina, com critérios de inclusão e exclusão rigorosos, abrangendo estudos publicados na íntegra nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol entre 2022 e 2025. Após a triagem inicial de 799 artigos efetuada por dois revisores independentes, 8 estudos foram incluídos na revisão final.
Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que a implementação precoce e contínua do Método Canguru traz benefícios significativos, como a redução da mortalidade neonatal, melhoria do vínculo afetivo entre mãe e recém-nascido, promoção do aleitamento materno exclusivo e redução de complicações como infeções e hipotermia. Além disso, a prática ajuda a diminuir o tempo de internamento e os custos hospitalares, sendo uma alternativa eficaz para contextos com recursos limitados. A revisão também apontou que o Método Canguru pode contribuir para a melhoria do neurodesenvolvimento de recém-nascido, especialmente em ambientes pós-natais.
Conclusão: O Método Canguru não deve ser visto apenas como uma prática exclusiva para recém-nascidos prematuros ou de baixo peso, mas também como uma intervenção benéfica para recém-nascidos pré-termo tardios e de termo. A promoção desse método nos cuidados pós-natais pode melhorar significativamente a qualidade de vida dos recém-nascidos e mães, promovendo uma abordagem mais humanizada e eficaz. A prática clínica deve ser ajustada para incorporar essa intervenção desde as primeiras horas de vida, garantindo melhores resultados para a saúde neonatal.
Palavras-chave: método canguru, recém-nascido, pais, parceria de cuidados, enfermagem neonatal.
Abstract Background: This report covers the experience gained during the internship and the acquisition of skills to provide specialized nursing care to children and families in differentiated care. The Kangaroo-Mother Care Method, recommended by the World Health Organization, reduces neonatal mortality and generates benefits in terms of mother/newborn bonding, temperature regulation and promotion of breastfeeding. Although the method has been extensively studied in premature newborns, there is little evidence regarding its application in term newborns, especially in postpartum and home settings. Objectives: Describe and reflect on the training path of the internship in differentiated care, focusing on the development of common and specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Child and Pediatric Health Nursing and gathering scientific evidence about the short and long-term benefits of Kangaroo-Mother Care Method in late preterm and healthy term newborns. Methodology: Descriptive-reflective on the training path of the internship. The review followed the scoping review methodology, according to the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search strategy was guided by the mnemonic Population, Concept and Context, focusing on healthy late preterm and term newborns, the application of the Kangaroo-Mother Care Method by the mother or other caregiver, and in the context of obstetric wards and home care. The research was conducted in February 2025 in databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, Nursing & Allied Health Collection and MedicLatina, with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, covering studies published in full in Portuguese, English and Spanish between 2022 and 2025. After the initial screening of 799 articles conducted by two independent reviewers, 8 studies were included in the final review. Results: The results demonstrated that the early and continuous implementation of Kangaroo-Mother Care Method brings significant benefits, such as reducing neonatal mortality, improving the emotional bond between mother and newborn, promoting exclusive breastfeeding and reducing complications such as infections and hypothermia. Additionally, the practice helps to decrease length of hospitalization and hospital costs, being an effective alternative for contexts with limited resources. The review also pointed out that Kangaroo-Mother Care Method can contribute to the improvement of the neurodevelopment of newborns, especially in postnatal environments. Conclusion: The Kangaroo-Mother Care Method should not be seen solely as an exclusive practice for premature or low birth weight newborns, but also as a beneficial intervention for late preterm and term newborns. Promoting this method in postnatal care can significantly improve the quality of life for newborns and mothers, fostering a more humanized and effective approach. Clinical practice should be adjusted to incorporate this intervention from the first hours of life, ensuring better outcomes for neonatal health. Keywords: kangaroo-mother care method, newborn, parents, care partnership, neonatal nursing.
Abstract Background: This report covers the experience gained during the internship and the acquisition of skills to provide specialized nursing care to children and families in differentiated care. The Kangaroo-Mother Care Method, recommended by the World Health Organization, reduces neonatal mortality and generates benefits in terms of mother/newborn bonding, temperature regulation and promotion of breastfeeding. Although the method has been extensively studied in premature newborns, there is little evidence regarding its application in term newborns, especially in postpartum and home settings. Objectives: Describe and reflect on the training path of the internship in differentiated care, focusing on the development of common and specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Child and Pediatric Health Nursing and gathering scientific evidence about the short and long-term benefits of Kangaroo-Mother Care Method in late preterm and healthy term newborns. Methodology: Descriptive-reflective on the training path of the internship. The review followed the scoping review methodology, according to the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search strategy was guided by the mnemonic Population, Concept and Context, focusing on healthy late preterm and term newborns, the application of the Kangaroo-Mother Care Method by the mother or other caregiver, and in the context of obstetric wards and home care. The research was conducted in February 2025 in databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, Nursing & Allied Health Collection and MedicLatina, with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, covering studies published in full in Portuguese, English and Spanish between 2022 and 2025. After the initial screening of 799 articles conducted by two independent reviewers, 8 studies were included in the final review. Results: The results demonstrated that the early and continuous implementation of Kangaroo-Mother Care Method brings significant benefits, such as reducing neonatal mortality, improving the emotional bond between mother and newborn, promoting exclusive breastfeeding and reducing complications such as infections and hypothermia. Additionally, the practice helps to decrease length of hospitalization and hospital costs, being an effective alternative for contexts with limited resources. The review also pointed out that Kangaroo-Mother Care Method can contribute to the improvement of the neurodevelopment of newborns, especially in postnatal environments. Conclusion: The Kangaroo-Mother Care Method should not be seen solely as an exclusive practice for premature or low birth weight newborns, but also as a beneficial intervention for late preterm and term newborns. Promoting this method in postnatal care can significantly improve the quality of life for newborns and mothers, fostering a more humanized and effective approach. Clinical practice should be adjusted to incorporate this intervention from the first hours of life, ensuring better outcomes for neonatal health. Keywords: kangaroo-mother care method, newborn, parents, care partnership, neonatal nursing.
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Enfermagem pediátrica Enfermagem neonatal Mães Método canguru Recém nascido Revisão scoping Infant newborn Kangaroo mother care method Mothers Neonatal nursing Pediatric nursing Scoping review
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