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Efeitos da exposição à voz materna gravada na estabilidade fisiológica e comportamental de recém-nascidos internados numa UCIN
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Enquadramento: O presente relatório integra o percurso formativo e de investigação desenvolvido no Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica da Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico de Viseu. A formação incluiu três contextos clínicos: Internamento de Pediatria, Unidade de Neonatologia e Urgência Pediátrica; e integrou uma componente de investigação centrada na análise dos efeitos da voz materna gravada na estabilidade fisiológica e comportamental de recém-nascidos numa Unidade de Cuidados Intermédios de Neonatologia durante períodos de ausência materna.
Objetivos: Refletir sobre o contributo dos diferentes contextos de estágio para o desenvolvimento das competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica e analisar os efeitos da exposição à voz materna gravada em recém-nascidos internados.
Metodologia: O relatório integra duas componentes complementares: uma reflexão crítica do percurso formativo em estágio e um estudo quantitativo, observacional, prospetivo e exploratório, sustentado no Modelo Sinactivo do Desenvolvimento de Heidelise Als (1986). A recolha de dados incluiu a monitorização da frequência cardíaca, frequência respiratória e saturação periférica de oxigénio, bem como a observação comportamental antes, durante e após a exposição à voz materna gravada.
Resultados: Observou-se maior estabilidade fisiológica e comportamental durante e após a exposição, com diminuição de sinais de stress e aumento de comportamentos de autorregulação.
Conclusão: O percurso formativo e a investigação desenvolvida permitiram aprofundar a reflexão sobre a prática de enfermagem em saúde infantil e pediátrica, evidenciando o potencial da voz materna gravada como estratégia sensorial segura e humanizadora, associada a alterações fisiológicas e comportamentais clinicamente relevantes no recém-nascido.
Palavras-chave: Enfermagem Neonatal; Homeostase; Recém-nascido; Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal; Voz.
Abstract Background: This report integrates the educational and research pathway developed within the Master’s Degree in Child and Paediatric Health Nursing at the Escola Superior de Saúde of Instituto Politécnico de Viseu. The training included three clinical settings: Pediatric Inpatient Unit, Neonatology Unit, and Pediatric Emergency Department; and incorporated a research component focused on analysing the effects of recorded maternal voice on the physiological and behavioural stability of newborns admitted to an Intermediate Neonatal Care Unit during periods of maternal absence. Objectives: To reflect on the contribution of the different clinical training settings to the development of competencies of the Child and Paediatric Health Nurse Specialist and to analyse the effects of exposure to recorded maternal voice in hospitalised newborns. Methodology: The report comprises two complementary components: a critical reflection on the clinical training pathway and a quantitative, observational, prospective and exploratory study grounded in Heidelise Als’ Synactive Model of Development (1986). Data collection included monitoring heart rate, respiratory rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation, as well as behavioural observation before, during, and after exposure to recorded maternal voice. Results: Greater physiological and behavioural stability was observed during and after exposure, with a reduction in stress signals and an increase in self-regulation behaviours. Conclusion: The educational pathway and the research conducted allowed a deeper reflection on nursing practice in child and paediatric health, highlighting the potential of recorded maternal voice as a safe and humanising sensory strategy, associated with clinically relevant physiological and behavioural changes in newborns. Keywords: Homeostasis; Infant, Newborn; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Neonatal Nursing; Voice.
Abstract Background: This report integrates the educational and research pathway developed within the Master’s Degree in Child and Paediatric Health Nursing at the Escola Superior de Saúde of Instituto Politécnico de Viseu. The training included three clinical settings: Pediatric Inpatient Unit, Neonatology Unit, and Pediatric Emergency Department; and incorporated a research component focused on analysing the effects of recorded maternal voice on the physiological and behavioural stability of newborns admitted to an Intermediate Neonatal Care Unit during periods of maternal absence. Objectives: To reflect on the contribution of the different clinical training settings to the development of competencies of the Child and Paediatric Health Nurse Specialist and to analyse the effects of exposure to recorded maternal voice in hospitalised newborns. Methodology: The report comprises two complementary components: a critical reflection on the clinical training pathway and a quantitative, observational, prospective and exploratory study grounded in Heidelise Als’ Synactive Model of Development (1986). Data collection included monitoring heart rate, respiratory rate, and peripheral oxygen saturation, as well as behavioural observation before, during, and after exposure to recorded maternal voice. Results: Greater physiological and behavioural stability was observed during and after exposure, with a reduction in stress signals and an increase in self-regulation behaviours. Conclusion: The educational pathway and the research conducted allowed a deeper reflection on nursing practice in child and paediatric health, highlighting the potential of recorded maternal voice as a safe and humanising sensory strategy, associated with clinically relevant physiological and behavioural changes in newborns. Keywords: Homeostasis; Infant, Newborn; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Neonatal Nursing; Voice.
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Enfermagem neonatal Homeostase Mãe Recém nascido Unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatais Voz Homeostasis Infant newborn Intensive care units neonatal Mothers Neonatal nursing Voice