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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A água é um bem essencial para sobrevivência humana e está diretamente ligada ao
desenvolvimento socioeconómico. Sendo assim considerada um dos bens mais valiosos do
mundo. Porém há uma limitação quanto a esse bem tão preciso, ele é finito. Devido as
crescentes alterações climáticas e o aumento populacional a escassez de água já é uma realidade
em diversas partes do mundo. Esta necessidade impulsiona a procura de soluções sustentáveis
para a crise hídrica que está a crescer. Neste contexto surge a possibilidade de reutilizar águas
residuais tratadas como fonte de água não potável para atividades básicas. A reutilização de
águas tratadas traz benefícios ambientais e sociais, porém também há riscos associados, o que
torna necessário o desenvolvimento de uma avaliação de riscos.
Esta dissertação teve como objetivo desenvolver a avaliação de risco da reutilização de
águas, a nível de saúde pública e de recursos hídricos, para produção e utilização interna pela
Estação de Tratamento de Águas Residuais (ETAR) de Viseu Sul e para utilização externa na
rega dos espaços verdes de Viseu. Também foram desenvolvidos uma ferramenta que facilita o
processo de desenvolvimento da avaliação no Microsoft Excel e um vídeo para uma campanha
de sensibilização a população sobre a reutilização de água.
A metodologia utilizada foi a semi-quantitativa de avaliação de risco relativamente à
saúde pública e aos recursos hídricos. Foram identificados 8 recetores, sendo 3 destes na
produção e utilização interna e 5 envolvidos na utilização externa, dispostos em 47 cenários,
divididos entre cenários de ingestão, inalação e adsorção dérmica.
O resultado obtido demonstrou que há viabilidade para produção e utilização de Água
para Reutilização (ApR) pela ETAR Viseu Sul, com risco global para saúde pública de 0,68, e
para utilização na rega dos espaços verdes de Viseu, com risco de 0,75. O risco global para os
recursos hídricos foi de 2,33 para azoto e fósforo e 0,78 para E. coli.Todos os riscos foram
considerados desprezáveis, considerando os critérios definidos pelo método.
Sendo assim, possível concluir que a reutilização de água residual tratada na ETAR
Viseu Sul é uma possibilidade boa e viável para suprir as necessidades hídricas da cidade de
Viseu, sem colocar em risco a população e o meio ambiente.
ABSTRACT: Water is essential for human survival, it is directly related to socioeconomic development, it is indispensable for food production and industrial growth. Thesecharacteristics make it one ofthe most valuable assetsin the world, however there is a limitationon this resource, it is finite. Due to constant climate changes and population growth, water scarcity is already a reality in many parts of the world. This need drives the search for sustainable solutions to the growing water crisis. In this context, the possibility of reusing treated wastewater as a source of non-potable water for basic activities. The reuse of treated water brings environmental and social benefits, but there are also risks associated with the reuseof water, which makes it necessary to develop a risk assessment. This dissertation aimed to develop the risk assessment of the reuse of water for production and internal use by the WWTP Viseu Sul and for external use in the irrigation of the green spaces of Viseu, in terms of public health and water resources. A tool that facilitates the evaluation development process in Microsoft Excel and a video were also developed for a campaign to raise awareness among the population about water reuse. The methodology used was semi-quantitative risk assessment in relation to public health and resources. 8 receptors were identified, 3 of which were in production and internal use and 5 involved in external use, arranged in 47 scenarios, divided between ingestion, inhalation and dermal adsorption scenarios. The result obtained was favorable, demonstrating that there is feasibility for the production and use of Water for Reuse (ApR) by the WWTP Viseu Sul, with a global public health risk of 0.68, and for use in the irrigation of the green spaces of Viseu, with risk overall for public health of 0.75. The overall risk for water resources was 2.33 for nitrogen and phosphorus and 0.78 for E. coli. All risks were considered negligible. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the reuse of treated wastewater is a good and viable possibility to supply the Viseu’s water needs, without risks to the population and the environment.
ABSTRACT: Water is essential for human survival, it is directly related to socioeconomic development, it is indispensable for food production and industrial growth. Thesecharacteristics make it one ofthe most valuable assetsin the world, however there is a limitationon this resource, it is finite. Due to constant climate changes and population growth, water scarcity is already a reality in many parts of the world. This need drives the search for sustainable solutions to the growing water crisis. In this context, the possibility of reusing treated wastewater as a source of non-potable water for basic activities. The reuse of treated water brings environmental and social benefits, but there are also risks associated with the reuseof water, which makes it necessary to develop a risk assessment. This dissertation aimed to develop the risk assessment of the reuse of water for production and internal use by the WWTP Viseu Sul and for external use in the irrigation of the green spaces of Viseu, in terms of public health and water resources. A tool that facilitates the evaluation development process in Microsoft Excel and a video were also developed for a campaign to raise awareness among the population about water reuse. The methodology used was semi-quantitative risk assessment in relation to public health and resources. 8 receptors were identified, 3 of which were in production and internal use and 5 involved in external use, arranged in 47 scenarios, divided between ingestion, inhalation and dermal adsorption scenarios. The result obtained was favorable, demonstrating that there is feasibility for the production and use of Water for Reuse (ApR) by the WWTP Viseu Sul, with a global public health risk of 0.68, and for use in the irrigation of the green spaces of Viseu, with risk overall for public health of 0.75. The overall risk for water resources was 2.33 for nitrogen and phosphorus and 0.78 for E. coli. All risks were considered negligible. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the reuse of treated wastewater is a good and viable possibility to supply the Viseu’s water needs, without risks to the population and the environment.
Description
Keywords
Avaliação de risco Reutilização de água ApR ETAR Viseu Sul