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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: As Lesões músculo-esqueléticas ligadas ao trabalho (LMELT) afetam um
grande número de enfermeiros diminuindo a sua qualidade de vida, sendo consideradas um
verdadeiro problema de saúde pública. O absentismo e o abandono precoce da profissão,
com os decorrentes efeitos tanto a nível profissional, social e familiar, espelham a importância
do estudo das LMELT. Perante a necessidade de prevenir as LMELT e face à invariabilidade
da situação de trabalho, constatamos que a implementação de programas de prevenção
poderá ser o caminho. Neste contexto, o objetivo do estudo pretender identificar quais as
estratégias mais eficazes para a prevenção das lesões músculo-esqueléticas ligadas ao
trabalho nos enfermeiros, em contexto hospitalar.
Metodologia: Optou-se pela elaboração de um estudo secundário e retrospetivo,
seguindo a metodologia de uma revisão sistemática da literatura proposta pelo Cochrane
Handbook. A pesquisa do corpus dos estudos realizou-se nas bases de dados PubMed, BOn,
Scielo e Medline Complete, no período entre 2005-2016. Dando cumprimento aos
critérios de validação foram selecionados e analisados 6 estudos primários.
Resultados: Dos resultados obtidos, constatou-se que os programas de intervenção
multifatorial, com abordagem sistémica e integrada das situações de trabalho, são os que
conferem maior benefício, quer a nível da sua implementação, quer a nível de custosbenefícios.
Este tipo de programa concilia soluções ergonómicas com políticas
organizacionais e sessões de formação e treino específico de forma a capacitar os
enfermeiros a prestarem melhores cuidados de saúde com menor risco. No entanto verificouse
que este tipo de programas só tem sucesso dependendo do envolvimento dos
profissionais, dos gestores, da política adotada, do tipo de liderança e da monitorização
contínua.
Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos evidenciam a necessidade da implementação
precoce deste tipo de programas de prevenção de LMELT, onde a intervenção do enfermeiro
de reabilitação, em articulação com as equipas multidisciplinares, por certo terá um papel
fundamental.
Palavras-chave: Prevenção; Lesões Músculo-Esqueléticas Ligadas ao Trabalho;
Enfermeiros; Contexto Hospitalar, Reabilitação.
Abstract Introduction: The work-related musculoskeletal disorders affect a large number of nurses decreasing their's life quality and are considered a true public health issue. Absenteeism and the early abandonment of the profession, with all the consequencens in professional, social and family life, reflect the importance of the study of WMSDs. Given the need to prevent WMSDs and the invariability of work situation, we found that the implementation of prevention programs could be the way forward. In this context, the main goal of the study is to identify which are the most effective strategies to prevent the workrelated musculoskeletal in nurses in a hospital context. Methods: We chose to create a secondary and retrospective study, following the methodology of a systematic review of the literature proposed by the Cochrane Handbook. The research of corpus studies was carried out in the databases of PubMed, B-On, Scielo e Medline Complete, in the period between 2005-2016. In compliance with the validation criteria, 6 primary studies were selected and analysed. Results: From the results obtained, it was found that multifactorial intervention programs, with a systemic and integrated approach to work situations, are those that confer more benefit, both in terms of their implementation and in terms of cost-benefits. This type of program combines ergonomic solutions with organizational policies and training sessions and specific training in order to enable nurses to provide better healthcare with less risk. However, it has been verified that this type of programs only succeeds depending on the involvement of the professionals, the managers, the adopted policy, the type of leadership and the continuous monitoring. Conclusion: The results obtained evidenced the need for an early implentation of this type of WMSDs prevention programs, where the intervention of the rehabilitation nurse, with the multidisciplinary teams, will certainly play a fundamental role. Keywords: Prevention e control; Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders; Nurses; Hospital; Rehabilitation.
Abstract Introduction: The work-related musculoskeletal disorders affect a large number of nurses decreasing their's life quality and are considered a true public health issue. Absenteeism and the early abandonment of the profession, with all the consequencens in professional, social and family life, reflect the importance of the study of WMSDs. Given the need to prevent WMSDs and the invariability of work situation, we found that the implementation of prevention programs could be the way forward. In this context, the main goal of the study is to identify which are the most effective strategies to prevent the workrelated musculoskeletal in nurses in a hospital context. Methods: We chose to create a secondary and retrospective study, following the methodology of a systematic review of the literature proposed by the Cochrane Handbook. The research of corpus studies was carried out in the databases of PubMed, B-On, Scielo e Medline Complete, in the period between 2005-2016. In compliance with the validation criteria, 6 primary studies were selected and analysed. Results: From the results obtained, it was found that multifactorial intervention programs, with a systemic and integrated approach to work situations, are those that confer more benefit, both in terms of their implementation and in terms of cost-benefits. This type of program combines ergonomic solutions with organizational policies and training sessions and specific training in order to enable nurses to provide better healthcare with less risk. However, it has been verified that this type of programs only succeeds depending on the involvement of the professionals, the managers, the adopted policy, the type of leadership and the continuous monitoring. Conclusion: The results obtained evidenced the need for an early implentation of this type of WMSDs prevention programs, where the intervention of the rehabilitation nurse, with the multidisciplinary teams, will certainly play a fundamental role. Keywords: Prevention e control; Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders; Nurses; Hospital; Rehabilitation.
Description
Keywords
Doenças musculoesqueléticas Doenças ocupacionais Enfermagem de reabilitação Factores de risco Pessoal de enfermagem em hospital Prevenção primária Revisão Saúde ocupacional Musculoskeletal diseases Nursing staff, hospital Occupational diseases Occupational health Primary prevention Rehabilitation nursing Review Risk factors