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Abstract(s)
A reabilitação urbana tem tido um papel muito importante em Portugal, principalmente
para as cidades que possuem centros históricos, muitas vezes degradados, quer por falta de
manutenção, quer por descuido por parte da população, ou até mesmo outros motivos que levam
a que uma zona ou um bairro percam o atrativo arquitetônico.
Num processo de reabilitação de uma construção são considerados muitos aspetos, um
deles é a segurança contra incêndios, que, além de ter aumentado os níveis de exigências nos
últimos tempos, desempenha um papel importante em qualquer edificação, seja nova ou
existente, visto que, em caso de incêndio, a segurança do edifício e das pessoas que nele estão
deve ser garantida. Além disso, existe a preocupação da ocorrência de incêndios em centros
históricos, uma vez que estes possuem um valor extremamente significativo do ponto de vista
cultural, histórico e arquitetônico das cidades. Para além de, muitas vezes, possuírem acessos
condicionado aos meios de socorro. A tipologia dos edifícios antigos pode ser um fator
agravante, uma vez que muitos desses edifícios que integram os centros históricos, tem uma
estrutura predominante em madeira.
Neste sentido, a reabilitação dos edifícios deve exercer um papel preponderante na
prevenção e na segurança contra incêndios, dado que, quando ocorrem, causam perdas
irreversíveis ao nível do seu património, quer sob o ponto de vista económico, quer cultural,
perdendo-se muitas vezes a identidade das cidades, acrescidos, na sua grande maioria, por
perdas de vidas humanas.
Neste trabalho foi aplicada a legislação atual, vigente em Portugal, de Segurança Contra
Incêndio em Edifícios (SCIE) a um edifício a ser reabilitado no centro urbano de Viseu.
Este edifício corresponde a um antigo centro comercial, situado na freguesia de Santa
Maria, onde será feito um trabalho de reabilitação, transformando o mesmo em um edifício
habitacional, na sua maior parte. Na cave o mesmo contará com um estacionamento, e no rés do-chão existirão dois locais comerciais.
Com isso, pretendeu-se avaliar o edifício, com o objetivo de conhece-lo melhor,
nomeadamente, suas características arquitetônicas, espaços interiores, etc. e fazer as alterações
necessárias para que o mesmo cumpra o regulamento de Segurança Contra Incêndio em
Edifícios. Para isso, será utilizado o método ARICA, do Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia
Civil (LNEC), já que este permite refletir o nível de segurança contra incêndio de um edifício,
considerando como referência a legislação atual. Em adição do mencionado, este método permite dispensar o cumprimento de algumas disposições da legislação em vigor no caso de
intervenções em edifícios existentes.
A edificação foi modelada num programa específico em BIM no qual se representará
todo o Sistema de Combate a Incêndio relativo a essa edificação.
Para além disso, foi feita uma abordagem teórica sobre o tema Segurança Contra
Incêndios em Edifícios e as ameaças e consequências da ocorrência de incêndios em edifícios.
ABSTRACT: Urban rehabilitation has played a very important role in Portugal, due to the many cities that have historic centers, often degraded, either by lack of maintenance, or by carelessness on the part of the population, or even other reasons that cause an area or a neighborhood to lose its architectural attractiveness. In the process of rehabilitating a building, many aspects are considered, one of them is fire safety, which, in addition to having increased its requirements in recent times, plays an important role in any building, whether new or existing, since, in the event of fire, the safety of the building and of the people in it must be guaranteed. Furthermore, there is concern about the occurrence of fires in historic centres, as these are of extremely significant value from the cultural, historical and architectural point of view of the cities. In addition to often having conditional access to the means of rescue. The typology of the old buildings can be an aggravating factor, since many of these buildings that are part of historic centres have a predominantly wooden structure. In this sense, the rehabilitation of buildings plays a preponderant role in fire prevention and safety, given that, when they occur, they cause irreversible losses at the level of their heritage, both from an economic and cultural point of view, often losing the identity of the cities, added, in its great majority, by the loss of human lives. This work will apply the current Portuguese legislation on Fire Safety in Buildings (SCIE) to a building to be rehabilitated in the urban centre of Viseu. With this, it is intended to evaluate the building, with the aim of knowing its structure, as well as its architectural features, and make the necessary changes so that it complies with the Fire Safety in Buildings Regulation. For this, the Arica method, from the National Civil Engineering Laboratory, will be used, since it allows reflecting the fire safety level of a building, considering the current legislation as a reference. In addition to the above, this method makes it possible to dispense with the need to comply with certain provisions of the legislation in force in the case of interventions in existing buildings. The building will be modelled in a specific BIM programme and the entire Fire Fighting System for that building will be represented. In addition, a theoretical approach will be made on the subject of Fire Safety in Buildings and the threats and consequences of fires occurring in establishments.
ABSTRACT: Urban rehabilitation has played a very important role in Portugal, due to the many cities that have historic centers, often degraded, either by lack of maintenance, or by carelessness on the part of the population, or even other reasons that cause an area or a neighborhood to lose its architectural attractiveness. In the process of rehabilitating a building, many aspects are considered, one of them is fire safety, which, in addition to having increased its requirements in recent times, plays an important role in any building, whether new or existing, since, in the event of fire, the safety of the building and of the people in it must be guaranteed. Furthermore, there is concern about the occurrence of fires in historic centres, as these are of extremely significant value from the cultural, historical and architectural point of view of the cities. In addition to often having conditional access to the means of rescue. The typology of the old buildings can be an aggravating factor, since many of these buildings that are part of historic centres have a predominantly wooden structure. In this sense, the rehabilitation of buildings plays a preponderant role in fire prevention and safety, given that, when they occur, they cause irreversible losses at the level of their heritage, both from an economic and cultural point of view, often losing the identity of the cities, added, in its great majority, by the loss of human lives. This work will apply the current Portuguese legislation on Fire Safety in Buildings (SCIE) to a building to be rehabilitated in the urban centre of Viseu. With this, it is intended to evaluate the building, with the aim of knowing its structure, as well as its architectural features, and make the necessary changes so that it complies with the Fire Safety in Buildings Regulation. For this, the Arica method, from the National Civil Engineering Laboratory, will be used, since it allows reflecting the fire safety level of a building, considering the current legislation as a reference. In addition to the above, this method makes it possible to dispense with the need to comply with certain provisions of the legislation in force in the case of interventions in existing buildings. The building will be modelled in a specific BIM programme and the entire Fire Fighting System for that building will be represented. In addition, a theoretical approach will be made on the subject of Fire Safety in Buildings and the threats and consequences of fires occurring in establishments.
Description
Keywords
Centro Urbano Segurança Contra Incêndios ARICA Reabilitação BIM