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Authors
Abstract(s)
O turismo é um forte impulsionador da economia mundial, devido à criação de postos de
trabalho, mas também pelo contributo que esta atividade tem no desenvolvimento dos
destinos e das comunidades locais. O desenvolvimento do turismo deve ser promovido,
mas numa ótica sustentável, isto é, o turismo que tem em conta os aspetos económicos,
sociais e ambientais, procurando satisfazer as necessidades atuais das comunidades locais
e dos visitantes, mas tendo em conta as suas necessidades futuras.
A presente dissertação tem como tema principal o desenvolvimento do turismo
sustentável, no Arquipélago dos Bijagós, o principal destino turístico da Guiné-Bissau. O
principal objetivo definido para este trabalho é a análise da oferta turística do Arquipélago
dos Bijagós, relacionando-a com o conceito de turismo sustentável e com os três pilares
da sustentabilidade - económico, ambiental e sociocultural. Pretende-se ainda definir o
conceito de turismo sustentável, caracterizar a oferta turística do Arquipélago dos
Bijagós, realizar uma análise de benchmarking, entrevistas a stakeholders locais, e por
fim, redigir propostas e sugestões que possam ser adotadas pelo destino turístico em
estudo, tendo em vista o desenvolvimento e prática do turismo sustentável.
Utilizou-se uma metodologia qualitativa, com recurso a várias técnicas, tais como: análise
documental de vários documentos estratégicos e materiais turísticos referentes ao
território em estudo; realização de entrevistas a stakeholders relevantes para o turismo no
Arquipélago dos Bijagós; realização de uma análise de benchmarking onde foram
comparados dados e boas-práticas de outros destinos insulares. A combinação de todas
estas técnicas permitiu obter resultados sobre o estado atual da atividade turística no
território.
É possível afirmar que o Arquipélago dos Bijagós dispõe de vários recursos turísticos
únicos e valiosos, nomeadamente recursos naturais de grande beleza, como as praias, a
fauna e flora, e recursos culturais imateriais, no que diz respeito às tradições e costumes
locais. Contudo, os visitantes não podem visitar a maioria das ilhas, uma vez que não lhes
é permitido o acesso, por questões étnicas e religiosas. Não existe uma oferta turística
estruturada e não há muitas opções disponíveis para os turistas. Situações como estas
indicam que apesar de existirem recursos turísticos de qualidade, o território não está
devidamente preparado para o turismo.
Conclui-se que o turismo pode ser uma alavanca para o desenvolvimento do território,
mas neste momento não é possível avaliar o seu contributo. A criação de uma estratégia
sustentável bem estruturada, direcionada para o Arquipélago dos Bijagós, poderá
contribuir para o desenvolvimento da atividade turística no país e consequentemente para
o crescimento económico, que será fundamental para melhorar a atual situação do país e
as grandes dificuldades que o afetam.
ABSTRACT: Tourism is a strong driver of the world economy, due to the creation of jobs, but also for the contribution that this activity has in the development of destinations and local communities. The development of tourism must be promoted, but from a sustainable perspective, that is, tourism that considers economic, social and environmental aspects, seeking to satisfy the current needs of local communities and visitors, but taking into account their future needs. The main theme of this dissertation is the development of sustainable tourism in the Bijagós Archipelago, the main tourist destination in Guinea-Bissau. The main objective defined for this work is the analysis of the tourist offer in the Bijagós Archipelago, relating it to the concept of sustainable tourism and the three pillars of sustainability - economic, environmental and sociocultural. It is also intended to define the concept of sustainable tourism, characterize the tourist offer of the Bijagós Archipelago, carry out a benchmarking analysis, interviews with local stakeholders, and finally, write proposals and suggestions that can be adopted by the tourist destination under study, having with a view to the development and practice of sustainable tourism. A qualitative methodology was used, resorting to various techniques, such as: document analysis of various strategic documents and tourist materials referring to the territory under study; conducting interviews with stakeholders relevant to tourism in the Bijagós Archipelago; carrying out a benchmarking analysis where data and good practices from other island destinations were compared. The combination of all these techniques made it possible to obtain results on the current state of tourist activity in the territory. It is possible to say that the Bijagós Archipelago has several unique and valuable tourist resources, namely natural resources of great beauty, such as beaches, fauna and flora, and intangible cultural resources, regarding local traditions and customs. However, visitors cannot visit most of the islands, as they are not allowed access for ethnic and religious reasons. There is no structured tourist offer and there are not many options available to tourists. Situations like these indicate that although there are quality tourist resources, the territory is not properly prepared for tourism. It is concluded that tourism can be a lever for the development of the territory, but at this moment it is not possible to evaluate its contribution. The creation of a well-structured sustainable strategy, aimed at the Bijagós Archipelago, could contribute to the development of tourist activity in the country and consequently to economic growth, which will be fundamental to improving the country's current situation and the great difficulties that affect it.
ABSTRACT: Tourism is a strong driver of the world economy, due to the creation of jobs, but also for the contribution that this activity has in the development of destinations and local communities. The development of tourism must be promoted, but from a sustainable perspective, that is, tourism that considers economic, social and environmental aspects, seeking to satisfy the current needs of local communities and visitors, but taking into account their future needs. The main theme of this dissertation is the development of sustainable tourism in the Bijagós Archipelago, the main tourist destination in Guinea-Bissau. The main objective defined for this work is the analysis of the tourist offer in the Bijagós Archipelago, relating it to the concept of sustainable tourism and the three pillars of sustainability - economic, environmental and sociocultural. It is also intended to define the concept of sustainable tourism, characterize the tourist offer of the Bijagós Archipelago, carry out a benchmarking analysis, interviews with local stakeholders, and finally, write proposals and suggestions that can be adopted by the tourist destination under study, having with a view to the development and practice of sustainable tourism. A qualitative methodology was used, resorting to various techniques, such as: document analysis of various strategic documents and tourist materials referring to the territory under study; conducting interviews with stakeholders relevant to tourism in the Bijagós Archipelago; carrying out a benchmarking analysis where data and good practices from other island destinations were compared. The combination of all these techniques made it possible to obtain results on the current state of tourist activity in the territory. It is possible to say that the Bijagós Archipelago has several unique and valuable tourist resources, namely natural resources of great beauty, such as beaches, fauna and flora, and intangible cultural resources, regarding local traditions and customs. However, visitors cannot visit most of the islands, as they are not allowed access for ethnic and religious reasons. There is no structured tourist offer and there are not many options available to tourists. Situations like these indicate that although there are quality tourist resources, the territory is not properly prepared for tourism. It is concluded that tourism can be a lever for the development of the territory, but at this moment it is not possible to evaluate its contribution. The creation of a well-structured sustainable strategy, aimed at the Bijagós Archipelago, could contribute to the development of tourist activity in the country and consequently to economic growth, which will be fundamental to improving the country's current situation and the great difficulties that affect it.
Description
Keywords
Turismo sustentável Arquipélago dos Bijagós Sustentabilidade