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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: O presente documento, estágio com relatório final, tem como finalidade
apresentar o desenvolvimento de conhecimentos e a aquisição de competências para a
obtenção do título de enfermeiro especialista e o grau de mestre em Saúde Materna,
Obstétrica e Ginecológica. Na primeira parte, relativa à componente clínica, irão ser
apresentados, segundo uma descrição critico-reflexiva, os estágios realizados ao longo do
ano, preconizados pela Ordem dos Enfermeiros e pelo plano curricular do curso. Na
componente de investigação será abordada a motivação das puérperas para a amamentação,
no momento da alta hospitalar.
Objetivos: Analisar crítica e reflexivamente as atividades desenvolvidas, os conhecimentos
adquiridos e as competências desenvolvidas, baseadas nas competências gerais e
específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna, Obstétrica e
Ginecológica (EEESMO), ao longo dos seis estágios e avaliar a motivação das puérperas para
amamentar no momento da alta hospitalar, em função das variáveis sociodemográficas,
suporte e recursos, contexto obstétrico e depressão pós-parto.
Métodos: No âmbito do relatório do estágio de natureza profissional, seguiu-se uma
metodologia descritiva, com enquadramento crítico-reflexivo, relativamente às atividades
desenvolvidas, tendo como linha orientadora os objetivos propostos para cada um dos
estágios, tendo como padrão o perfil de competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em
Enfermagem de Saúde Materna, Obstétrica e Ginecológica, bem como as evidências
científicas. Na componente de investigação, foi efetuado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo,
transversal e correlacional, com uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência, constituída
por 254 puérperas. A média de idades da amostra foi de 31,9 anos. Foi aplicado um
questionário, que permitiu fazer a caraterização sociodemográfica, de suporte e recursos e
obstétrica. Foi ainda incluída a escala da motivação para a amamentação (Nelas et al, 2008)
e a escala de depressão pós-parto de Edimburgo (Cox et al, 1987), validada para a população
portuguesa por Santos et al (2007). No estudo, foram assegurados todos os procedimentos
éticos e legais, de acordo com a legislação nacional e da EU em vigor (Lei n.º 58/2019, Diário
da República n.º 151/2019, Série I de 2019-08-08; e Regulamento (UE) 2016/679 do
Parlamento e do Conselho, de 27 de abril de 2016, relativo à proteção das pessoas singulares
no que diz respeito ao tratamento de dados pessoais e à livre circulação desses dados. Os
dados foram analisados com recurso ao programa IBM® SPSS® Statistics 28.0.
Resultados: O presente relatório demonstra a evolução no desenvolvimento de
competências comuns e específicas do EEESMO, no contexto do mestrado em Enfermagem
de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica, e acreditamos que as competências adquiridas e as reflexões
efetuadas neste percurso contribuam para a formação de excelência nesta área de
especialização. Durante este percurso formativo, foi tida em consideração o respeito pela
individualidade e prática segundo o código deontológico inerente ao Enfermeiro Obstetra. A
prática sustentada em evidência científica, também foi tida em consideração. A segunda parte
do relatório integra a componente de investigação. Neste estudo, verifica-se que as puérperas
estão motivadas para a amamentação no momento da alta hospitalar. Quanto aos preditores
que podem influenciar a motivação, podemos referir o estado civil, os recursos disponíveis e
a relação inversa que existe com a DPP.
Conclusões: O conhecimento científico e o desenvolvimento de competências
especializadas é fundamental para a prática de excelência, sustentada em evidência
científica. Foram alcançados todos os números de experiências preconizadas pela Ordem
dos Enfermeiros para a atribuição do título de EEESMO, de acordo com a diretiva europeia
2005/36/CE de 7 de setembro. O estudo empírico sugere que apesar da motivação das
puérperas para amamentar devem ser realizados mais estudos no sentido de apurar que
outros contextos podem influenciar o sucesso da amamentação, tal como preconizado pela
OMS e UNICEF.
Palavras-chave: Amamentação; Motivação; Puérperas; Alta hospitalar; Depressão pós-parto.
Abstract Background: The present document, an internship with a final report, aims to present the development of knowledge and the acquisition of skills necessary to obtain the title of specialist nurse and a master's degree in Maternal, Obstetric, and Gynecological Health. In the first part, concerning the clinical component, a critical-reflective description of the internships carried out throughout the year will be presented, following the guidelines of the Order of Nurses and the course curriculum. The research component will address the motivation of postpartum women for breastfeeding at the time of hospital discharge. Objectives: To critically and reflectively analyze the activities carried out, the knowledge acquired, and the skills developed based on the general and specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal, Obstetric, and Gynecological Health Nursing (EEESMO) throughout the six internships, and to assess the motivation of postpartum women to breastfeed at the time of hospital discharge, considering sociodemographic variables, support and resources, obstetric context, and postpartum depression. Methods: As part of the professional nature of the internship report, a descriptive methodology with a critical-reflective framework was followed regarding the activities carried out, guided by the objectives proposed for each of the internships, with the EEESMO competency profile and scientific evidence as a standard. In the research component, a quantitative, descriptive, cross sectional, and correlational study was conducted, with a non-probabilistic convenience sample consisting of 254 postpartum women. The mean age of the sample was 31.9 years. A questionnaire was applied, allowing for sociodemographic, support and resources, and obstetric characterization. The breastfeeding motivation scale (Nelas et al., 2008) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (Cox et al., 1987), validated for the Portuguese population by Santos et al. (2007), were also included. All ethical and legal procedures were ensured in the study, following national and EU legislation in force (Law No. 58/2019, Official Gazette No. 151/2019, Series I of 2019-08-08; and Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and the Council of April 27, 2016, regarding the protection of individuals concerning the processing of personal data and the free movement of such data). Data were analyzed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics 28.0 software. Results: This report demonstrates the progress in developing common and specific competencies in EEESMO within the context of the master's degree in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing. We believe that the skills acquired and the reflections made during this journey contribute to excellence in this area of specialization. Throughout this training journey, respect for individuality and practice according to the deontological code inherent to the Obstetric Nurse was considered. Practice based on scientific evidence was also taken into account. The second part of the report includes the research component. In this study, it was found that postpartum women are motivated to breastfeed at the time of hospital discharge. Regarding the predictors that may influence motivation, we can mention marital status, available resources, and the inverse relationship with postpartum depression (PPD). Conclusions: Scientific knowledge and the development of specialized skills are fundamental for excellence in practice, supported by scientific evidence. All the experiences required by the Order of Nurses for the title of EEESMO, according to the European Directive 2005/36/CE of September 7, were achieved. The empirical study suggests that despite postpartum women's motivation to breastfeed, further studies should be conducted to determine what other contexts may influence breastfeeding success, as recommended by WHO and UNICEF. Keywords: Breastfeeding; Motivation; Postpartum women; Hospital discharge; Postpartum depression.
Abstract Background: The present document, an internship with a final report, aims to present the development of knowledge and the acquisition of skills necessary to obtain the title of specialist nurse and a master's degree in Maternal, Obstetric, and Gynecological Health. In the first part, concerning the clinical component, a critical-reflective description of the internships carried out throughout the year will be presented, following the guidelines of the Order of Nurses and the course curriculum. The research component will address the motivation of postpartum women for breastfeeding at the time of hospital discharge. Objectives: To critically and reflectively analyze the activities carried out, the knowledge acquired, and the skills developed based on the general and specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal, Obstetric, and Gynecological Health Nursing (EEESMO) throughout the six internships, and to assess the motivation of postpartum women to breastfeed at the time of hospital discharge, considering sociodemographic variables, support and resources, obstetric context, and postpartum depression. Methods: As part of the professional nature of the internship report, a descriptive methodology with a critical-reflective framework was followed regarding the activities carried out, guided by the objectives proposed for each of the internships, with the EEESMO competency profile and scientific evidence as a standard. In the research component, a quantitative, descriptive, cross sectional, and correlational study was conducted, with a non-probabilistic convenience sample consisting of 254 postpartum women. The mean age of the sample was 31.9 years. A questionnaire was applied, allowing for sociodemographic, support and resources, and obstetric characterization. The breastfeeding motivation scale (Nelas et al., 2008) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (Cox et al., 1987), validated for the Portuguese population by Santos et al. (2007), were also included. All ethical and legal procedures were ensured in the study, following national and EU legislation in force (Law No. 58/2019, Official Gazette No. 151/2019, Series I of 2019-08-08; and Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and the Council of April 27, 2016, regarding the protection of individuals concerning the processing of personal data and the free movement of such data). Data were analyzed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics 28.0 software. Results: This report demonstrates the progress in developing common and specific competencies in EEESMO within the context of the master's degree in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing. We believe that the skills acquired and the reflections made during this journey contribute to excellence in this area of specialization. Throughout this training journey, respect for individuality and practice according to the deontological code inherent to the Obstetric Nurse was considered. Practice based on scientific evidence was also taken into account. The second part of the report includes the research component. In this study, it was found that postpartum women are motivated to breastfeed at the time of hospital discharge. Regarding the predictors that may influence motivation, we can mention marital status, available resources, and the inverse relationship with postpartum depression (PPD). Conclusions: Scientific knowledge and the development of specialized skills are fundamental for excellence in practice, supported by scientific evidence. All the experiences required by the Order of Nurses for the title of EEESMO, according to the European Directive 2005/36/CE of September 7, were achieved. The empirical study suggests that despite postpartum women's motivation to breastfeed, further studies should be conducted to determine what other contexts may influence breastfeeding success, as recommended by WHO and UNICEF. Keywords: Breastfeeding; Motivation; Postpartum women; Hospital discharge; Postpartum depression.
Description
Keywords
Aleitamento materno Alta do doente Depressão pós-parto Enfermagem obstétrica Motivação Puerpério Breast feeding Depression, postpartum Motivation Obstetric nursing Patient discharge Postpartum period