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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A multirresistência bacteriana tem crescido significativamente nos últimos anos.
Entre os gram negativos a P. aeruginosa demonstra facilidade de desenvolvimento
de resistência aos antibióticos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a frequência
de resistência a múltiplos fármacos em isolados de Pseudomonas aeruginosa e
detectar cepas multirresistentes em um hospital público de Maceió/AL. De forma
retrospectiva, descritiva e transversal, entre janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2013,
iniciou-se uma ampla análise documental dos registros de atendimento no setor de
Microbiologia do Hospital Universitário Professor Alberto Antunes (HUPAA/UFAL)
para avaliar o material obtido de pacientes que apresentaram cultura positiva para P.
aeruginosa. Vários espécimes clínicos foram obtidos e as cepas identificadas
fenotipicamente pelo método automatizado Vitek®, bem como as análises do perfil
de susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos, seguindo os critérios adotados pelo
National Committee for Clinical and Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). Foram obtidas
78 culturas com isolados positivos para P. aeruginosa, sendo a maioria procedente
de pacientes da UTI geral (47,4%), seguida da Clínica cirúrgica (16,7%). Entre as
amostras clínicas analisadas, a secreção traqueal foi a de maior incidência com
25,6%, seguida de secreção de ferida (20,5%) e escarro (18%). O composto mais
ativo contra a P. aeruginosa foi a Colistina (100,0%). Detectou-se elevada
multirresistência de P. aeruginosa aos betalactâmicos, cefalosporinas e
carbapenêmicos. Baseando-se nos dados apresentados, torna-se evidente a
necessidade de um monitoramento rotineiro do perfil de sensibilidade desta bactéria
em ambiente hospitalar, sendo de extrema utilidade para a escolha adequada na
terapêutica empírica, proporcionando conhecimento prévio dos antimicrobianos que
apresentam boa eficácia diante deste patógeno, favorecendo o uso racional de
antimicrobianos.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Multirresistência; Pseudomonas aeruginosa;Sensibilidade; Antimicrobianos.
ABSTRACT Bacterial multidrug resistance has grown significantly in recent years. Among the gram negative P. aeruginosa demonstrates ease of antibiotic resistance development. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of multidrug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and detect multidrug-resistant strains in a public hospital in Maceió/AL. Retrospective, descriptive and transversal, from January 2012 to December 2013, began an extensive document review of attendance records at the University Hospital Microbiology sector Teacher Alberto Antunes (HUPAA/UFAL) to assess the material obtained from patients which showed positive culture for P. aeruginosa. Several clinical specimens were obtained and the strains identified phenotypically by automated method Vitek® and analysis of susceptibility profile to antimicrobials, following the criteria adopted by the National Committee for Clinical and Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). 78 cultures positive for P. aeruginosa isolates were obtained, and proceeding to the most general UTI patients (47.4%), followed by surgical clinic (16.7%). Clinical samples analyzed, tracheal secretion was most prevalent with 25.6%, followed by wound secretion (20.5%) and sputum (18%). The most active compound against P. aeruginosa was Colistin (100.0%). It was detected high multidrug resistance of P. aeruginosa to beta-lactams, cephalosporins and carbapenems. Based on the data presented, it is clear the need for routine monitoring of the sensitivity profile of the bacteria in the hospital, being extremely useful for the appropriate choice in empirical therapy, providing prior knowledge of antimicrobials that have good efficacy on this pathogen, promoting the rational use of antimicrobials. KEYWORDS: Multidrug resistance; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Sensitivity; Antimicrobials.
ABSTRACT Bacterial multidrug resistance has grown significantly in recent years. Among the gram negative P. aeruginosa demonstrates ease of antibiotic resistance development. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of multidrug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and detect multidrug-resistant strains in a public hospital in Maceió/AL. Retrospective, descriptive and transversal, from January 2012 to December 2013, began an extensive document review of attendance records at the University Hospital Microbiology sector Teacher Alberto Antunes (HUPAA/UFAL) to assess the material obtained from patients which showed positive culture for P. aeruginosa. Several clinical specimens were obtained and the strains identified phenotypically by automated method Vitek® and analysis of susceptibility profile to antimicrobials, following the criteria adopted by the National Committee for Clinical and Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). 78 cultures positive for P. aeruginosa isolates were obtained, and proceeding to the most general UTI patients (47.4%), followed by surgical clinic (16.7%). Clinical samples analyzed, tracheal secretion was most prevalent with 25.6%, followed by wound secretion (20.5%) and sputum (18%). The most active compound against P. aeruginosa was Colistin (100.0%). It was detected high multidrug resistance of P. aeruginosa to beta-lactams, cephalosporins and carbapenems. Based on the data presented, it is clear the need for routine monitoring of the sensitivity profile of the bacteria in the hospital, being extremely useful for the appropriate choice in empirical therapy, providing prior knowledge of antimicrobials that have good efficacy on this pathogen, promoting the rational use of antimicrobials. KEYWORDS: Multidrug resistance; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Sensitivity; Antimicrobials.
Description
Keywords
Infecções por pseudomonas Pseudomonas aeruginosa Resistência bacteriana a múltiplos medicamentos Brasil Drug resistance, multiple, bacterial Pseudomonas infections