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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: O percurso de formação avançada realizado, permitiu o desenvolvimento de
conhecimentos a um nível de excelência e de perito, viabilizando a aquisição de competências
técnico-científicas, humanas e éticas, essenciais ao desempenho de intervenções autónomas
de qualidade, no âmbito da Enfermagem especializada em Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica,
baseadas na mais recente evidência científica. O controlo da dor, sobretudo durante
procedimentos invasivos, dada a sua importância no bem-estar da criança, foi o tema central
deste percurso, devido à sua pertinência nos cuidados autónomos de enfermagem.
Objetivo: Refletir sobre o percurso de aprendizagem, tendo por base os referenciais teóricos
que norteiam a prática do enfermeiro e a mais recente evidência científica; sintetizar as
atividades realizadas e as competências desenvolvidas; mapear as estratégias e intervenções
não-farmacológicas e a sua eficácia em procedimentos invasivos/dolorosos em unidade de
cuidados intensivos pediátricos/Neonatais.
Metodologia: Foi utilizada uma metodologia critico-reflexiva sobre as ações desenvolvidas nos
diferentes estágios. Para concretização do tema central, foi realizada uma scoping review,
com base no protocolo do Instituto Joanna Briggs®, através de pesquisa nas bases de dados:
PubMed, CINAHL Complete e B-On em junho de 2023, de artigos publicados nos últimos 5
anos (2018 a junho de 2023), disponibilizados em texto integral e nos idiomas português,
inglês, espanhol e francês. Dos 1050 estudos iniciais, foram incluídos 7 que cumpriam os
critérios pré-definidos.
Resultados: O percurso de aprendizagem resultou num desenvolvimento pessoal e
profissional, e obtenção de conhecimentos baseados em evidência científica, de
desenvolvimento e aprimoramento de competências, com impacto na melhoria da assistência
ao recém-nascido/criança/adolescente e sua família.
Na investigação realizada, a amostra final incluiu 6 estudos que analisaram a implementação
de intervenções não farmacológicas (INF) em Recém-nascidos internados em UCIN,
aplicadas de forma independente ou em conjunto, cujos resultados atestam redução dos
scores de dor e redução do tempo de recuperação em procedimentos como picada do
calcanhar, entubação orogástrica, colheita de sangue e aspiração de secreções. Quando
aplicadas duas ou mais intervenções em simultâneo, os resultados evidenciam valores
superiores de eficácia.
Não foram incluídos estudos que analisassem INF noutras faixas etárias pediátricas
Conclusão: No controlo da dor durante procedimentos, verificou-se que o uso de várias
estratégias não farmacológicas, têm efeito sinérgico na diminuição dos scores de dor e na
redução do tempo de recuperação. Em contexto de UCIP/UCIN é indispensável incentivar e
promover a diversificação das técnicas não-farmacológicas, tendo o EESIP um papel fulcral
na equipa. O domínio destas estratégias requer formação e treino, daí que, na criança, o
controlo da dor com medidas não farmacológicas, requer experiência por parte da equipa de
enfermagem.
Palavras-chave: Enfermagem Pediátrica; Recém-Nascido; Dor Aguda; Unidades de Terapia
Intensiva Neonatal; Utilização de Procedimentos e Técnicas; Intervenções Não-
Farmacológicas.
Abstract Introduction: The advanced training course carried out allowed the development of knowledge at a level of excellence and of an expert, enabling the acquisition of technical-scientific, human and ethical skills, essential to the performance of quality autonomous interventions, within the scope of Nursing specialized in Child and Pediatric Health, based on the latest scientific evidence. Pain control, especially during invasive procedures, given its importance for the child's well-being, was the central theme of this course, due to its relevance in autonomous nursing care. Objective: Reflect on the learning path, based on the theoretical references that guide nursing practice and the most recent scientific evidence; summarize the activities carried out and the skills developed; map non-pharmacological strategies and interventions and their effectiveness in invasive/painful procedures in pediatric/neonatal intensive care units. Methodology: A critical-reflexive methodology was used on the actions developed in the different stages. To implement the central theme, a scoping review was carried out, based on the Joanna Briggs® Institute protocol, through a search in the databases: PubMed, CINAHL Complete and B-On in June 2023, of articles published in the last 5 years (2018 to June 2023), available in full text and in Portuguese, English, Spanish and French. Of the 1050 initial studies, 6 that met the predefined criteria were included. Results: The learning path resulted in personal and professional development, and the acquisition of knowledge based on scientific evidence, development and improvement of skills, with an impact on improving care for newborns/children/adolescents and their families.In the investigation carried out, the final sample included 7 studies that analyzed the implementation of non-pharmacological interventions (INF) in newborns admitted to the NICU, applied independently or together, whose results attest to a reduction in pain scores and a reduction in the time of recovery in procedures such as heel stick, orogastric intubation, blood collection and secretion aspiration. When two or more interventions are applied simultaneously, the results show higher efficacy values. Studies that analyzed INF in other pediatric age groups were not included. Conclusion: In controlling pain during procedures, it was found that the use of several nonpharmacological strategies has a synergistic effect in reducing pain scores and reducing recovery time. In the PICU/UCIN context, it is essential to encourage and promote the diversification of non-pharmacological techniques, with the EESIP playing a central role in the team. Mastering these strategies requires education and training, which is why, in children, controlling pain with non-pharmacological measures requires experience on the part of the nursing team. Keywords: Pediatric Nursing; Newborn; Acute pain; Neonatal Intensive Care Units; Use of Procedures and Techniques; Non-Pharmacological Interventions.
Abstract Introduction: The advanced training course carried out allowed the development of knowledge at a level of excellence and of an expert, enabling the acquisition of technical-scientific, human and ethical skills, essential to the performance of quality autonomous interventions, within the scope of Nursing specialized in Child and Pediatric Health, based on the latest scientific evidence. Pain control, especially during invasive procedures, given its importance for the child's well-being, was the central theme of this course, due to its relevance in autonomous nursing care. Objective: Reflect on the learning path, based on the theoretical references that guide nursing practice and the most recent scientific evidence; summarize the activities carried out and the skills developed; map non-pharmacological strategies and interventions and their effectiveness in invasive/painful procedures in pediatric/neonatal intensive care units. Methodology: A critical-reflexive methodology was used on the actions developed in the different stages. To implement the central theme, a scoping review was carried out, based on the Joanna Briggs® Institute protocol, through a search in the databases: PubMed, CINAHL Complete and B-On in June 2023, of articles published in the last 5 years (2018 to June 2023), available in full text and in Portuguese, English, Spanish and French. Of the 1050 initial studies, 6 that met the predefined criteria were included. Results: The learning path resulted in personal and professional development, and the acquisition of knowledge based on scientific evidence, development and improvement of skills, with an impact on improving care for newborns/children/adolescents and their families.In the investigation carried out, the final sample included 7 studies that analyzed the implementation of non-pharmacological interventions (INF) in newborns admitted to the NICU, applied independently or together, whose results attest to a reduction in pain scores and a reduction in the time of recovery in procedures such as heel stick, orogastric intubation, blood collection and secretion aspiration. When two or more interventions are applied simultaneously, the results show higher efficacy values. Studies that analyzed INF in other pediatric age groups were not included. Conclusion: In controlling pain during procedures, it was found that the use of several nonpharmacological strategies has a synergistic effect in reducing pain scores and reducing recovery time. In the PICU/UCIN context, it is essential to encourage and promote the diversification of non-pharmacological techniques, with the EESIP playing a central role in the team. Mastering these strategies requires education and training, which is why, in children, controlling pain with non-pharmacological measures requires experience on the part of the nursing team. Keywords: Pediatric Nursing; Newborn; Acute pain; Neonatal Intensive Care Units; Use of Procedures and Techniques; Non-Pharmacological Interventions.
Description
Keywords
Dor Dor aguda Enfermagem pediátrica Gestão da dor Recém nascido Recém nascido prematuro Revisão Unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatais Acute pain Infant, newborn Infant, premature Intensive care units, neonatal Pain Pain management Pediatric nursing Review