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A família e a literacia em saúde na autogestão da doença crónica : Estudo de casos múltiplos
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| 3.52 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A gestão de doenças crónicas, como a Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, implica alterações profundas na dinâmica familiar, exigindo adaptações comportamentais e reorganizações no quotidiano. Devido à sua longevidade e impacto, esta condição constitui um dos maiores desafios para as famílias e uma prioridade global nas políticas de saúde. Neste contexto, a literacia em saúde emerge como um elemento central, associada a melhores resultados clínicos e à capacitação para uma gestão mais informada e eficaz da doença.
Objetivos: Prestar cuidados a famílias envelhecidas com membros portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, valorizando-as como unidade de cuidados e promovendo a saúde de cada um dos seus membros ao longo do ciclo vital.
Metodologia: Este estudo qualitativo seguiu um desenho de estudo de caso múltiplo, envolvendo quatro famílias acompanhadas na Unidade de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados. Foram utilizadas a matriz operativa do Modelo Dinâmico de Avaliação e Intervenção Familiar e a Escala de Atividades de Autocuidado com a Diabetes.
Resultados: As intervenções realizadas em parceria com as famílias geraram ganhos em saúde, nomeadamente nas áreas da Satisfação Conjugal, do Processo Familiar e nas atividades de autocuidado com a diabetes. Verificou-se que níveis elevados de literacia em saúde facilitaram a gestão eficaz da doença, enquanto níveis insuficientes representam barreiras às intervenções.
Conclusão: A promoção da literacia em saúde no contexto familiar revelou-se essencial para capacitar as famílias, reduzindo o impacto da doença e reforçando a importância de intervenções integradas, centradas na família, para uma gestão mais eficaz e eficiente da Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2.
Palavras-Chave: Empoderamento; Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2; Autogestão; Saúde da Família; Enfermagem Familiar
Abstract Introduction: Managing chronic diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus type 2 involves profound changes in family dynamics, requiring behavioural adaptations and reorganisations in daily life. Due to its longevity and impact, this condition is one of the greatest challenges for families and a global priority in health policies. In this context, health literacy emerges as a central element, associated with better clinical outcomes and empowerment for more informed and effective disease management. Objectives: To provide care for ageing families with members suffering from Diabetes Mellitus type 2, valuing them as a unit of care and promoting the health of each of their members throughout the life cycle. Methodology: This qualitative study followed a multiple case study design, involving four families monitored at the Personalised Healthcare Unit. The operative matrix of the Dynamic Family Assessment and Intervention Model and the Diabetes Self-Care Activities Scale were used. Results: The interventions carried out in partnership with families generated health gains, particularly in the areas of Marital Satisfaction, Family Process and diabetes self-care activities. It was found that high levels of health literacy facilitated effective disease management, while insufficient levels represented barriers to interventions. Conclusion: Promoting health literacy in the family context has proved essential for empowering families, reducing the impact of the disease and reinforcing the importance of integrated, family-centred interventions for more effective and efficient management of Diabetes Mellitus type 2. Keywords: Empowerment; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Self-Management; Family Health; Family Nursing
Abstract Introduction: Managing chronic diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus type 2 involves profound changes in family dynamics, requiring behavioural adaptations and reorganisations in daily life. Due to its longevity and impact, this condition is one of the greatest challenges for families and a global priority in health policies. In this context, health literacy emerges as a central element, associated with better clinical outcomes and empowerment for more informed and effective disease management. Objectives: To provide care for ageing families with members suffering from Diabetes Mellitus type 2, valuing them as a unit of care and promoting the health of each of their members throughout the life cycle. Methodology: This qualitative study followed a multiple case study design, involving four families monitored at the Personalised Healthcare Unit. The operative matrix of the Dynamic Family Assessment and Intervention Model and the Diabetes Self-Care Activities Scale were used. Results: The interventions carried out in partnership with families generated health gains, particularly in the areas of Marital Satisfaction, Family Process and diabetes self-care activities. It was found that high levels of health literacy facilitated effective disease management, while insufficient levels represented barriers to interventions. Conclusion: Promoting health literacy in the family context has proved essential for empowering families, reducing the impact of the disease and reinforcing the importance of integrated, family-centred interventions for more effective and efficient management of Diabetes Mellitus type 2. Keywords: Empowerment; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Self-Management; Family Health; Family Nursing
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Keywords
Autocuidado Competência profissional Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 Enfermagem de família Enfermeiros de família Entrevista como assunto Família Literacia em saúde Promoção da saúde Saúde da família Teoria de enfermagem Diabetes mellitus type 2 Family Family health Family nurse practitioners Family nursing Health literacy Health promotion Interview as topic Nursing theory Professional competence Self care
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