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Authors
Abstract(s)
A malha viária das cidades portuguesas era tradicionalmente projetada de modo a priorizar o
escoamento dos veículos motorizados. Atualmente, cresce a preocupação com o conforto,
segurança e eficiência dos modais de transporte suaves, em especial o pedestre, sendo
fundamental a convivência saudável entre os diferentes utilizadores. Como cada classe tem sua
via de circulação definida (ruas e calçadas), o ponto de interação crítico em termos de demoras
e segurança é a interseção entre estes elementos, ou seja, a travessia pedonal.
A presente dissertação tem como objetivo comparar a eficiência de estratégias de regulação
para uma travessia de nível em meio de quadra (midblock crossing) com separador central com
duas vias de circulação em cada sentido em Portugal. Para tal, na primeira parte do trabalho é
feita a caracterização dos pedestres, das diferentes tipologias de travessias pedonais e das
estratégias de regulação semafórica, algumas fornecidas por manuais e outras adaptadas.
Para testar e comparar as diferentes estratégias, foi desenvolvido um cenário virtual dentro do
software de microssimulação Aimsun. Esse cenário foi calibrado para as condições portuguesas
com base em observações em travessias reais. O tempo de atraso é utilizado como principal
dado de saída a respeito da eficiência da estratégia. Ao final do processo são comparadas as
demoras para cada classe de usuário e para todo o conjunto.
Após a simulação de diferentes combinações de demandas de tráfego, concluiu-se que a faixa
de pedestres zebrada tem melhor eficácia para demandas pedonais e/ou veiculares reduzidas,
enquanto, a travessia semaforizada com duas classes de botoeiras torna-se a estratégia mais
eficiente para fluxos mais elevados. Ao fim da pesquisa é fornecida uma matriz gráfica que
auxilia o projetista na seleção da estratégia de regulação para a travessia.
ABSTRACT: Traditionally, the road network in Portuguese cities was designed to prioritize the flow of motor vehicles. Nowadays, there is a growing concern with the comfort, safety and efficiency of soft transport modes, especially pedestrians. This way, the harmonious coexistence between motorized and non-motorized is essential and knowing that each class has its circulation route defined (streets and sidewalks), the critical interaction point is the intersection between these elements, that is, the pedestrian crossing. This search aims to compare the efficiency of regulation strategies for a midblock crossing with a central separator with two circulation lanes in each direction in Portugal. For this, the first part of this works addresses the characterization of pedestrians, pedestrian crossings, and traffic light regulation strategies, some provided by manuals and others adapted. To test and compare the strategies, a virtual scenario within the Aimsun microsimulation software was developed. That scenario was calibrated for the Portuguese conditions based on observations of real crosswalks. The delay time was selected as the main measure of performance. At the end of this step, the delays for each user class and for all users together were compared. After simulating the different demand combinations, it was concluded that the zebra crossing performs better for reduced pedestrian and/or vehicular demands, while the signalized crossing with two classes of pushbuttons is the most efficient strategy for higher flows. These results are presented in a graphical matrix that can be used by designers when selecting the regulation strategy for the crossing.
ABSTRACT: Traditionally, the road network in Portuguese cities was designed to prioritize the flow of motor vehicles. Nowadays, there is a growing concern with the comfort, safety and efficiency of soft transport modes, especially pedestrians. This way, the harmonious coexistence between motorized and non-motorized is essential and knowing that each class has its circulation route defined (streets and sidewalks), the critical interaction point is the intersection between these elements, that is, the pedestrian crossing. This search aims to compare the efficiency of regulation strategies for a midblock crossing with a central separator with two circulation lanes in each direction in Portugal. For this, the first part of this works addresses the characterization of pedestrians, pedestrian crossings, and traffic light regulation strategies, some provided by manuals and others adapted. To test and compare the strategies, a virtual scenario within the Aimsun microsimulation software was developed. That scenario was calibrated for the Portuguese conditions based on observations of real crosswalks. The delay time was selected as the main measure of performance. At the end of this step, the delays for each user class and for all users together were compared. After simulating the different demand combinations, it was concluded that the zebra crossing performs better for reduced pedestrian and/or vehicular demands, while the signalized crossing with two classes of pushbuttons is the most efficient strategy for higher flows. These results are presented in a graphical matrix that can be used by designers when selecting the regulation strategy for the crossing.
Description
Keywords
Comportamento do pedestre Velocidade do pedestre Cruzamento Sinalizado Travessia em meio de quadra Microssimulação de tráfego Aimsun Botoeira