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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: O Plano de Ação para a Saúde Mental para 2013-2020 refere que uma boa saúde mental é uma condição fundamental para o aumento do potencial, da capacidade de lidar com o stress da vida, do aumento da produtividade e do bem-estar, priorizando, a literacia em saúde mental, como um objetivo de saúde pública a atingir no século XXI. Assim, uma adequada literacia no puerpério é essencial para promover a transição para a parentalidade incluindo o desenvolvimento de competências, poder de decisão e autonomia que possibilitem decisões livres e esclarecidas que promovam a saúde, a qualidade de vida e o bem-estar.
Objetivos: Determinar o nível de literacia em saúde mental da puérpera, identificar as variáveis sociodemográficas, obstétricas e as alterações psicoemocionais associadas ao nível de literacia em saúde mental da puérpera.
Métodos: Estudo transversal, quantitativo, descritivo-correlacional com amostra não probabilística, intencional por conveniência de 208 puérperas, com uma média de idades de 32 anos e desvio padrão 4,79. O instrumento de colheita de dados foi o questionário constituído por questões sociodemográficas, obstétricas, pela escala de avaliação das alterações psicoemocionais do puerpério – EAAPP (Sousa & Leal, 2010) e escala de conhecimento para uma Boa Saúde Mental – EBSM (Bjørnsen, Eilertsen, Ringdal, Espnes, & Moksnes, 2017).
Resultados: Relativamente aos conhecimentos para uma boa saúde mental, as puérperas apresentam com igual percentagem (35,1%), conhecimentos suficientes e fracos. Já 29,8% têm bons conhecimentos. A literacia em saúde mental positiva da puérpera é influenciada: para o fator exigências ou vivencias externas pelas variáveis obstétricas, informação fornecida pelos médicos e tipo de ajuda; para o fator património interno da puérpera, pelas variáveis sociodemográficas, local de residência, habilitações literárias e pelas variáveis obstétricas, acompanhante no parto, curso de preparação para o parto/parentalidade, esclarecimento de dúvidas sobre o puerpério, informação fornecida pelos enfermeiros e pessoa que ajuda; para o fator global boa saúde mental, pelas variáveis sociodemográficas situação laboral, internet na residência e pelas variáveis obstétricas planeamento da gravidez, acompanhante no parto, curso de preparação para o parto/parentalidade, esclarecimento de dúvidas sobre o puerpério, informação fornecida pelos médico e tipo de ajuda. As variáveis alterações psicoemocionais, nomeadamente, a ansiedade tem significância marginal na literacia em saúde mental da puérpera para o património interno.
Conclusões: Obteve-se um nível global de literacia em saúde mental positiva problemático, que se associou a variáveis sociodemográficas, obstétricas e psicológicas. A melhoria deste resultado, no puerpério, é essencial para uma boa transição para a parentalidade, permitindo o desenvolvimento de competências e conhecimentos para que a puérpera tenha poder de decisão e autonomia para tomar decisões livres e esclarecidas. Neste âmbito, o enfermeiro deve promover a literacia em saúde mental durante as consultas pré-concecionais e pré-natais.
Abstract Background: The Mental Health Action Plan for 2013-2020 states that good mental health is a key condition for increasing the potential, coping with life stress, increasing productivity and well-being, prioritizing, mental health literacy as a public health goal to be achieved in the 21st century. Thus, adequate puerperium literacy is essential to promote the transition to parenthood including the development of competencies, decision-making power and autonomy that enable free and informed decisions that promote health, quality of life and well-being. Objectives: To determine the level of mental health literacy in the puerpera, to identify the sociodemographic, obstetric variables and the psychoemotional changes associated with the level of mental health literacy in the puerperium. Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive-correlational study with a non-probabilistic sample, intentional for the convenience of 208 puerperae, with a mean age of 32 years and standard deviation 4,79. The data collection instrument consisted of sociodemographic and obstetric questions, the evaluation scale of puerperal psychoemotional changes - EAAPP (Sousa & Leal, 2010) and knowledge scale for Good Mental Health - EBSM (Bjørnsen, Eilertsen, Ringdal, Espnes, & Moksnes, 2017). Results: With regard to knowledge for good mental health, the puerperas present with an equal percentage (35.1%), sufficient and weak knowledge. Already 29.8% have good knowledge. Positive mental health literacy in the puerperium is influenced: to the factor requirements or external experiences by obstetric variables, information provided by physicians and type of help; for the internal patrimony of the puerpera, socio-demographic variables, place of residence, literary qualifications and obstetric variables, accompanying childbirth, preparation course for childbirth / parenting, clarification of doubts about the puerperium, information provided by nurses, and person help; for the global factor, good mental health, socio-demographic variables employment status, internet at home and by obstetric variables pregnancy planning, birth attendant, childbirth / parenting course, clarification of doubts about the puerperium, information provided by the doctor and kind of help. The variables psychoemotional changes, namely, anxiety have marginal significance in the mental health literacy of the puerpera to the internal patrimony. Conclusions: There was a global level of problematic positive mental health literacy, which was associated with sociodemographic, obstetric and psychological variables. The improvement of this outcome in the puerperium is essential for a good transition to parenthood, allowing the development of skills and knowledge so that the puerpera has decision-making power and autonomy to make free and informed decisions. In this context, nurses should promote mental health literacy during pre-natal and prenatal consultations.
Abstract Background: The Mental Health Action Plan for 2013-2020 states that good mental health is a key condition for increasing the potential, coping with life stress, increasing productivity and well-being, prioritizing, mental health literacy as a public health goal to be achieved in the 21st century. Thus, adequate puerperium literacy is essential to promote the transition to parenthood including the development of competencies, decision-making power and autonomy that enable free and informed decisions that promote health, quality of life and well-being. Objectives: To determine the level of mental health literacy in the puerpera, to identify the sociodemographic, obstetric variables and the psychoemotional changes associated with the level of mental health literacy in the puerperium. Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive-correlational study with a non-probabilistic sample, intentional for the convenience of 208 puerperae, with a mean age of 32 years and standard deviation 4,79. The data collection instrument consisted of sociodemographic and obstetric questions, the evaluation scale of puerperal psychoemotional changes - EAAPP (Sousa & Leal, 2010) and knowledge scale for Good Mental Health - EBSM (Bjørnsen, Eilertsen, Ringdal, Espnes, & Moksnes, 2017). Results: With regard to knowledge for good mental health, the puerperas present with an equal percentage (35.1%), sufficient and weak knowledge. Already 29.8% have good knowledge. Positive mental health literacy in the puerperium is influenced: to the factor requirements or external experiences by obstetric variables, information provided by physicians and type of help; for the internal patrimony of the puerpera, socio-demographic variables, place of residence, literary qualifications and obstetric variables, accompanying childbirth, preparation course for childbirth / parenting, clarification of doubts about the puerperium, information provided by nurses, and person help; for the global factor, good mental health, socio-demographic variables employment status, internet at home and by obstetric variables pregnancy planning, birth attendant, childbirth / parenting course, clarification of doubts about the puerperium, information provided by the doctor and kind of help. The variables psychoemotional changes, namely, anxiety have marginal significance in the mental health literacy of the puerpera to the internal patrimony. Conclusions: There was a global level of problematic positive mental health literacy, which was associated with sociodemographic, obstetric and psychological variables. The improvement of this outcome in the puerperium is essential for a good transition to parenthood, allowing the development of skills and knowledge so that the puerpera has decision-making power and autonomy to make free and informed decisions. In this context, nurses should promote mental health literacy during pre-natal and prenatal consultations.
Description
Keywords
Literacia em saúde Optimismo Puerpério Saúde mental Health literacy Mental health Optimism Postpartum period