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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: A infeção urinária consiste numa patologia frequente em idosos institucionalizados. É possível a sua prevenção através de intervenções de enfermagem seguras e de alta qualidade.
Objetivos: Mapear as intervenções de enfermagem na prevenção das infeções urinárias e determinar a prevalência e os fatores de risco destas infeções em utentes institucionalizados em lares e unidades de cuidados continuados.
Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão scoping sobre as intervenções de enfermagem na prevenção das infeções urinárias em lares de idosos, através do método proposto pela Colaboração Joanna Briggs e cumprindo o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. Realizado também um estudo epidemiológico observacional transversal. Os participantes foram os utentes institucionalizados numa instituição particular de solidariedade social. O estudo foi aprovado pela Comissão de Ética do Instituto Politécnico de Viseu (24/SUB/2022).
Resultados: Da revisão scoping foram incluídos 13 estudos publicados entre 2006 e 2021. As intervenções consistem na implementação de diretrizes, reforço da higiene, vigilância e hidratação dos utentes, formação dos profissionais e cuidados no cateterismo vesical. Do estudo primário obteve-se uma prevalência de infeções urinárias na instituição de 18,1%. O local de internamento demonstrou ter influência no risco de desenvolvimento de infeção urinária.
Conclusões: Apesar de existirem poucos estudos que investiguem estas intervenções em estruturas residenciais para pessoas idosas foram identificados cuidados que os enfermeiros podem ter neste âmbito. As infeções urinárias estão presentes nos utentes idosos institucionalizados, a sua prevenção deve ser assumida pelos enfermeiros.
Palavras-chave: Infeções Urinárias; Prevenção de Doenças; Cuidados de Enfermagem; Prevalência; Fatores de Risco.
Abstract Introduction: Urinary tract infection is a common pathology in institutionalised elderly people. Its prevention is possible through safe and high-quality nursing interventions. Objectives: To map nursing interventions for preventing urinary tract infections and determine the prevalence and risk factors of these infections in institutionalised patients in nursing homes and long-term care units. Methods: A scoping review on nursing interventions to prevent urinary tract infections in nursing homes was conducted using the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Collaboration and complying with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. A cross-sectional observational epidemiological study was also conducted. The participants were institutionalised users in a private social solidarity institution. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Instituto Politécnico de Viseu (24/SUB/2022). Results: From the scoping review 13 studies published between 2006 and 2021 were included. Interventions consisted of the implementation of guidelines, reinforcement of hygiene, surveillance and hydration of users, training of professionals and care in bladder catheterisation. The primary study obtained an 18.1% prevalence of urinary tract infections in the institution. The place of hospitalisation proved to have an influence on the risk of developing urinary tract infection. Conclusions: Although there are few studies investigating these interventions in residential facilities for older people, care provided by nurses was identified. Urinary tract infections are present in institutionalised elderly patients, and their prevention should be assumed by nurses. Keywords: Urinary Tract Infections; Disease Prevention; Nursing Care; Prevalence; Risk Factors.
Abstract Introduction: Urinary tract infection is a common pathology in institutionalised elderly people. Its prevention is possible through safe and high-quality nursing interventions. Objectives: To map nursing interventions for preventing urinary tract infections and determine the prevalence and risk factors of these infections in institutionalised patients in nursing homes and long-term care units. Methods: A scoping review on nursing interventions to prevent urinary tract infections in nursing homes was conducted using the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Collaboration and complying with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. A cross-sectional observational epidemiological study was also conducted. The participants were institutionalised users in a private social solidarity institution. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Instituto Politécnico de Viseu (24/SUB/2022). Results: From the scoping review 13 studies published between 2006 and 2021 were included. Interventions consisted of the implementation of guidelines, reinforcement of hygiene, surveillance and hydration of users, training of professionals and care in bladder catheterisation. The primary study obtained an 18.1% prevalence of urinary tract infections in the institution. The place of hospitalisation proved to have an influence on the risk of developing urinary tract infection. Conclusions: Although there are few studies investigating these interventions in residential facilities for older people, care provided by nurses was identified. Urinary tract infections are present in institutionalised elderly patients, and their prevention should be assumed by nurses. Keywords: Urinary Tract Infections; Disease Prevention; Nursing Care; Prevalence; Risk Factors.
Description
Keywords
Cuidados de enfermagem Infeções do aparelho urinário Lares para idosos Prevalência Prevenção primária Revisão Homes for the aged Nursing care Prevalence Primary prevention Review Urinary tract infections