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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: Descrevemos neste relatório os cuidados de enfermagem
especializados planeados e executados durante os estágios do Curso Mestrado em
Enfermagem de Saúde Materna Obstetrícia e Ginecologia. As boas práticas no apoio á
amamentação, vão-se traduzir em múltiplos benefícios para a puérpera e o recém nascido, melhorando a prevalência e duração da amamentação.
Objetivos: Desenvolver competências necessárias nas diferentes áreas de atuação da
saúde da mulher para obtenção do título de Mestre e Enfermeiro Especialista em
Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica. Identificar a melhor evidência científica
sobre as atitudes dos enfermeiros promotoras da amamentação. Analisar de que forma
as variáveis sociodemográficas e a história clínica obstétrica têm relação com a avaliação
pelas puérperas das atitudes dos enfermeiros promotoras da amamentação. Determinar
se a qualidade da informação transmitida pelos enfermeiros tem influência sobre como
são identificadas as atitudes dos mesmos na promoção da amamentação.
Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão scoping, na procura da melhor evidência científica.
Seguiu-se um estudo quantitativo sobre o impacto das atitudes dos enfermeiros na
promoção da amamentação no pós-parto. Para recolha de dados foi utilizado o
questionário sociodemográfico, a Escala de Qualidade da Informação (Coutinho, Nelas &
Chaves, 2022) e a Escala de Atitudes dos Enfermeiros Promotoras da Amamentação
(Coutinho S/ data) aplicado a uma amostra não probabilística por conveniência constituída
por 119 puérperas com intenção em amamentar, internadas numa unidade hospitalar
Amiga dos bebés, da região Autónoma dos Açores.
Resultados: Das puérperas com intenção em amamentar, 85% encontra-se a amamentar
exclusivamente na alta. Encontram-se diferenças significativas entre o nº de filhos e o
Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo (AME) e a Qualidade da Informação e o AME. Com parto
eutócico, 62,4% fez AME, com parto distócico, 61,1% não fez AME. Realizaram contacto
pele a pele 93,3%. Das puérperas inquiridas, 90,8% avaliam as atitudes dos enfermeiros
na promoção da amamentação como muito elevadas face à nota global. O estado civil, o
AME e a Qualidade da Informação, apresentam relação estatística significativa com a
avaliação pelas puérperas das Atitudes dos Enfermeiros na Promoção da Amamentação.
As puérperas que frequentaram um Programa de Preparação para o Parto e
Parentalidade (PPPP) avaliaram melhor as atitudes dos enfermeiros promotoras da
amamentação, no fator Decisão de Amamentar, sendo as diferenças significativas.
Conclusões: Após a realização do estágio cumprimos o número de experiências mínimas
e a aquisição das competências necessárias à obtenção do título de Enfermeiro
Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica. Com a investigação
desenvolvida conclui-se que a melhoria do AME é claramente dependente de uma
estratégia clínica diferenciada para os diferentes tipos de parto. Proporcionar a todas as
grávidas um PPPP pode influenciar a decisão de amamentar. A capacitação de todos os
profissionais de saúde sobre as práticas mais atuais e baseadas em evidências para
o aleitamento materno é crucial para um apoio efetivo a todas as mães que tencionam
amamentar. Os cuidados especializados em aleitamento materno durante o
internamento de puerpério são essenciais para o aconselhamento, apoio e
consequente capacitação da puérpera, promovendo a sua adaptação às
especificidades deste período e contribuindo para a melhoria das taxas de
amamentação exclusiva.
Palavras-chave: Amamentação; Enfermagem; Hospitalização; Pós-parto.
Abstract Background: In this report, we describe the specialized nursing care planned and carried out during the internships for the Master's Degree in Maternal Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Nursing. Good practice in supporting breastfeeding will result in multiple benefits for the puerperal woman and the newborn, improving the prevalence and duration of breastfeeding. Objectives: To develop the necessary skills in the different areas of women's health to obtain the title of Master and Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing. To identify the best scientific evidence on nurses' attitudes towards breastfeeding. To analyze how sociodemographic variables and obstetric clinical history are related to puerperal women's assessment of nurses' attitudes towards breastfeeding. To determine whether the quality of the information provided by nurses has an influence on how nurses' attitudes towards breastfeeding promotion are identified. Methods: A scoping review was carried out in search of the best scientific evidence. This was followed by a quantitative study on the impact of nurses' attitudes on promoting breastfeeding in the postpartum period. Data was collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Information Quality Scale (Coutinho, Nelas & Chaves, 2022) and the Scale of Nurses' Attitudes Promoting Breastfeeding (Coutinho S/date) applied to a non probabilistic convenience sample of 119 puerperal women with the intention of breastfeeding, admitted to a baby-friendly hospital in the Autonomous Region of the Azores. Results: Of the puerperae who intended to breastfeed, 85% were exclusively breastfeeding at discharge. Significant differences were found between the number of children and Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) and the Quality of Information and EBF. With eutocic delivery, 62.4% breastfed, with dystocic delivery, 61.1% did not breastfeed. 93.3% had skin-to-skin contact. Of the puerperal women surveyed, 90.8% rated the nurses' attitudes to promoting breastfeeding as very high in relation to the overall score. Marital status, EBF and Quality of Information were statistically significantly related to the puerperal women's assessment of Nurses' Attitudes to Breastfeeding Promotion. The puerperae who attended a Childbirth and Parenthood Preparation Program (PPPP) rated the nurses' attitudes towards promoting breastfeeding better in the Decision to Breastfeed factor, and the differences were significant. Conclusions: After completing the internship, we met the minimum number of experiences and acquired the skills required to obtain the title of Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing. From the research carried out, we can conclude that improving SMA is clearly dependent on a differentiated clinical strategy for the different types of birth. Providing all pregnant women with a PPPP can influence their decision to breastfeed. Training all health professionals in the most up-to-date and evidence-based practices for breastfeeding is crucial for effective support for all mothers who intend to breastfeed. Specialized breastfeeding care during the puerperium is essential for counselling, supporting and empowering the puerperal woman, promoting her adaptation to the specificities of this period and contributing to an improvement in exclusive breastfeeding rates. Keywords: Breastfeeding; Nursing; Hospitalization; Postpartum.
Abstract Background: In this report, we describe the specialized nursing care planned and carried out during the internships for the Master's Degree in Maternal Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Nursing. Good practice in supporting breastfeeding will result in multiple benefits for the puerperal woman and the newborn, improving the prevalence and duration of breastfeeding. Objectives: To develop the necessary skills in the different areas of women's health to obtain the title of Master and Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing. To identify the best scientific evidence on nurses' attitudes towards breastfeeding. To analyze how sociodemographic variables and obstetric clinical history are related to puerperal women's assessment of nurses' attitudes towards breastfeeding. To determine whether the quality of the information provided by nurses has an influence on how nurses' attitudes towards breastfeeding promotion are identified. Methods: A scoping review was carried out in search of the best scientific evidence. This was followed by a quantitative study on the impact of nurses' attitudes on promoting breastfeeding in the postpartum period. Data was collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Information Quality Scale (Coutinho, Nelas & Chaves, 2022) and the Scale of Nurses' Attitudes Promoting Breastfeeding (Coutinho S/date) applied to a non probabilistic convenience sample of 119 puerperal women with the intention of breastfeeding, admitted to a baby-friendly hospital in the Autonomous Region of the Azores. Results: Of the puerperae who intended to breastfeed, 85% were exclusively breastfeeding at discharge. Significant differences were found between the number of children and Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) and the Quality of Information and EBF. With eutocic delivery, 62.4% breastfed, with dystocic delivery, 61.1% did not breastfeed. 93.3% had skin-to-skin contact. Of the puerperal women surveyed, 90.8% rated the nurses' attitudes to promoting breastfeeding as very high in relation to the overall score. Marital status, EBF and Quality of Information were statistically significantly related to the puerperal women's assessment of Nurses' Attitudes to Breastfeeding Promotion. The puerperae who attended a Childbirth and Parenthood Preparation Program (PPPP) rated the nurses' attitudes towards promoting breastfeeding better in the Decision to Breastfeed factor, and the differences were significant. Conclusions: After completing the internship, we met the minimum number of experiences and acquired the skills required to obtain the title of Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing. From the research carried out, we can conclude that improving SMA is clearly dependent on a differentiated clinical strategy for the different types of birth. Providing all pregnant women with a PPPP can influence their decision to breastfeed. Training all health professionals in the most up-to-date and evidence-based practices for breastfeeding is crucial for effective support for all mothers who intend to breastfeed. Specialized breastfeeding care during the puerperium is essential for counselling, supporting and empowering the puerperal woman, promoting her adaptation to the specificities of this period and contributing to an improvement in exclusive breastfeeding rates. Keywords: Breastfeeding; Nursing; Hospitalization; Postpartum.
Description
Keywords
Aleitamento materno Atitude do pessoal de saúde Competência profissional Enfermagem obstétrica Promoção da saúde Puerpério Attitude of health personnel Breast feeding Health promotion Obstetric nursing Postpartum period Professional competence