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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nos últimos anos tem-se verificado um enorme interesse na conservação e reabilitação de
edifícios antigos, particularmente os localizados em centros históricos. Sendo a argamassa um
dos componentes deste tipo de construções é importante definir as características que estas
devem apresentar, aquando da sua substituição/conservação, de modo a garantir a
compatibilidade necessária com os suportes de edifícios antigos. Neste contexto é necessário
conhecer as características físicas, químicas e mecânicas das argamassas antigas.
Neste trabalho, após a revisão bibliográfica, aborda-se inicialmente a informação mais atual
sobre os estudos já realizados sobre argamassas antigas, bem como a sua constituição e história,
descrevem-se as patologias mais comuns, encontradas nas argamassas neste tipo de
construções.
Na elaboração desta dissertação, pretende-se caracterizar as argamassas existentes no centro
histórico de Viseu, através do seu estudo in situ e da recolha de amostras em diversos edifícios
aí situados, para a posterior realização de ensaios laboratoriais. O objetivo é o de adquirir o
máximo de conhecimento sobre este material, que poderá depois ser transmitido à comunidade
para ser utilizado em futuros trabalhos de conservação e/ou restauro em construções situadas
no centro histórico de Viseu e nesta região.
Da recolha de material utilizam-se doze amostras pertencentes a quatro edifícios distintos sendo
três localizados no centro histórico e outro na periferia de Viseu. Para a caracterização das
argamassas recorreu-se a ensaios laboratoriais, designadamente a análise granulométrica,
limites de consistência, equivalente de areia, azul metileno e o ensaio de compressão, realizados
no Laboratório de Geotecnia do Departamento de Engenharia Civil de Viseu. Para
complementar o estudo foram analisadas sete amostras através da análise SEM/EDS, realizado
no Laboratório da UTAD.
ABSTRACT: In the last few years we have been notice a huge interest in conservation and rehabilitation of old buildings, mainly the ones located in the historical centers. Being the mortar one of the components of this type of constructions, it’s important to define the characteristics that they should have in order to guarantee the necessary compatibility with the old buildings supports. In this context it is important to know the physical, chemical and mechanical characteristics of the ancient mortars. After the bibliographic review, in this work, we will at first discuss the most current information about the studies that were already conducted on ancient mortars, as well as their constitution and history, describing the most common pathologies found in the mortars in this type of construction. In this dissertation, we pretend to characterize the existing mortars in Viseu, historical center, through in situ studies and collecting samples in different buildings that are located in this area for subsequent conducting of laboratory testing. The aim is to acquire the maximum knowledge about this material that afterwards could be transmitted to the community in order to be used for future conservation works and/or restoration of the constructions located in Viseu, historical center and in this region. From the material collected are used twelve samples belonging to four distinct buildings, being three of them located in Viseu, historical center and the other one on Viseu periphery. For the mortar characterization we used the laboratory tests, namely the sieve analysis, consistency limits, sand equivalent test, methylene blue and the compression test, that took place at the Geotechnical Laboratory of the Department of Civil Engineering of Viseu. To complement the study seven samples were analyzed through the SEM/EDS that took place at the UTAD Laboratory.
ABSTRACT: In the last few years we have been notice a huge interest in conservation and rehabilitation of old buildings, mainly the ones located in the historical centers. Being the mortar one of the components of this type of constructions, it’s important to define the characteristics that they should have in order to guarantee the necessary compatibility with the old buildings supports. In this context it is important to know the physical, chemical and mechanical characteristics of the ancient mortars. After the bibliographic review, in this work, we will at first discuss the most current information about the studies that were already conducted on ancient mortars, as well as their constitution and history, describing the most common pathologies found in the mortars in this type of construction. In this dissertation, we pretend to characterize the existing mortars in Viseu, historical center, through in situ studies and collecting samples in different buildings that are located in this area for subsequent conducting of laboratory testing. The aim is to acquire the maximum knowledge about this material that afterwards could be transmitted to the community in order to be used for future conservation works and/or restoration of the constructions located in Viseu, historical center and in this region. From the material collected are used twelve samples belonging to four distinct buildings, being three of them located in Viseu, historical center and the other one on Viseu periphery. For the mortar characterization we used the laboratory tests, namely the sieve analysis, consistency limits, sand equivalent test, methylene blue and the compression test, that took place at the Geotechnical Laboratory of the Department of Civil Engineering of Viseu. To complement the study seven samples were analyzed through the SEM/EDS that took place at the UTAD Laboratory.
Description
Keywords
Ensaios experimentais Argamassas Reabilitação Resistência à compressão Análise Granulométrica Ensaio SEM/EDS