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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A ingestão oral em trabalho de parto (TP) é praticada de forma inadequada em
muitos Hospitais/Maternidades Portugueses, com relatos onde o jejum é perpetuado de forma
rotineira em todas as parturientes.
Objetivo: Identificar a melhor evidência científica sobre a dieta da parturiente de termo sem
patologia associada e elaborar procedimento de actuação para Enfermeiros Especialistas em
Saúde Materna e Obstétrica (EESMOs), em contexto de sala de partos, baseado na evidência
extraída.
Método: Foi realizada uma investigação qualitativa, descritiva e analítica com recurso à
elaboração de uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) e do Focus Group, como técnica
de recolha de dados. A RSL foi elaborada segundo o método da Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI)
e foi redigida de acordo com o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metaanalyses
(PRISMA 2020). O Focus Group foi constituído por três EESMOs, por quatro
médicos (dois obstetras e dois anestesiologistas) e realizou-se com recurso a uma entrevista
semi-estruturada com cinco questões. Para a análise de conteúdo foi utilizado software
NVIVO14 e seguiu-se a perspetiva de Bardin.
Resultados: A RSL identificou os estudos que apontam a ingestão oral de líquidos claros sem
resíduos, ricos em hidratos de carbono e proteínas como a dieta mais adequada e segura em
parturientes de termo sem patologia associada, e demonstrou que esta dieta contribui para o
bem-estar, satisfação e conforto materno, segurança materna e redução de complicações
maternas, redução do número de vómitos, redução da cetoacidose, desidratação e
desequilíbrios hidroeletrolíticos, redução das complicações neonatais, menor duração do TP,
tipo de parto, redução do tempo de internamento em sala de partos e redução do tempo de
esvaziamento gástrico. O Focus Group permitiu colher informação junto de peritos na área
baseada nos seus conhecimentos e na sua prática clínica e a análise de conteúdo dos dados
obtidos definiu três domínios emergentes: parturiente, dimensão organizacional e
procedimento, categorias e sub-categorias que contribuíram para a elaboração do
procedimento.
Conclusão: A ingestão oral em TP permite melhorar os indicadores sensíveis aos cuidados de
enfermagem, obter ganhos significativos em saúde, melhorar a eficiência dos serviços e
reduzir os custos gerais. A síntese integrativa dos estudos permitiu encontrar a informação
pertinente para a elaboração do procedimento de atuação para EESMOs em contexto de sala
de partos.
Palavras-chave: ingestão oral; dieta; líquidos orais; trabalho de parto.
Abstract Introduction: Oral intake in labor is practiced inappropriately in many Portuguese hospitals/maternities, with reports that fasting is routinely perpetuated in all parturients. Objective: To identify the best scientific evidence on the diet of term parturients without associated pathologies and develop an action procedure for Obstetric nurses, in the context of a delivery room, based on the evidence extracted. Method: A qualitative, descriptive and analytical study was carried out using a Systematic Literature Review (RSL) and Focus Group as a data collection technique. The RSL was prepared using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) method and was written in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA 2020). The Focus Group was made up of three Obstetric nurses and four doctors (two obstetricians and two anesthesiologists) and was carried out using a semi-structured interview with five questions. For the content analysis, the software NVIVO14 was used and Bardin's perspective was followed. Results: The RSL identified studies that point to the oral intake of clear liquids without residues, rich in carbohydrates and proteins as the most appropriate and safe diet in term parturients without associated pathology, and demonstrated that this diet contributes to maternal well-being, satisfaction and comfort, maternal safety and a reduction in maternal complications, a reduction in the number of vomits, a reduction in ketoacidosis, dehydration and hydroelectrolyte imbalances, a reduction in neonatal complications, a shorter duration of labor, type of delivery, a reduction in the length of stay in the delivery room and a reduction in gastric emptying time. The Focus Group made it possible to gather information from experts in the field based on their knowledge and clinical practice and the content analysis of the data obtained defined three emerging domains: parturients, organizational dimension and procedure, categories and sub-categories that contributed to the development of the procedure. Conclusion: Oral intake during labor makes it possible to improve indicators that are sensitive to nursing care, achieve significant health gains, improve the efficiency of servicesand reduce overall costs. The integrative synthesis of the studies made it possible to find the relevant information for drawing up the procedure for Obstetric nurses in the delivery room. Keywords: oral intake; diet; oral liquids; labor.
Abstract Introduction: Oral intake in labor is practiced inappropriately in many Portuguese hospitals/maternities, with reports that fasting is routinely perpetuated in all parturients. Objective: To identify the best scientific evidence on the diet of term parturients without associated pathologies and develop an action procedure for Obstetric nurses, in the context of a delivery room, based on the evidence extracted. Method: A qualitative, descriptive and analytical study was carried out using a Systematic Literature Review (RSL) and Focus Group as a data collection technique. The RSL was prepared using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) method and was written in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA 2020). The Focus Group was made up of three Obstetric nurses and four doctors (two obstetricians and two anesthesiologists) and was carried out using a semi-structured interview with five questions. For the content analysis, the software NVIVO14 was used and Bardin's perspective was followed. Results: The RSL identified studies that point to the oral intake of clear liquids without residues, rich in carbohydrates and proteins as the most appropriate and safe diet in term parturients without associated pathology, and demonstrated that this diet contributes to maternal well-being, satisfaction and comfort, maternal safety and a reduction in maternal complications, a reduction in the number of vomits, a reduction in ketoacidosis, dehydration and hydroelectrolyte imbalances, a reduction in neonatal complications, a shorter duration of labor, type of delivery, a reduction in the length of stay in the delivery room and a reduction in gastric emptying time. The Focus Group made it possible to gather information from experts in the field based on their knowledge and clinical practice and the content analysis of the data obtained defined three emerging domains: parturients, organizational dimension and procedure, categories and sub-categories that contributed to the development of the procedure. Conclusion: Oral intake during labor makes it possible to improve indicators that are sensitive to nursing care, achieve significant health gains, improve the efficiency of servicesand reduce overall costs. The integrative synthesis of the studies made it possible to find the relevant information for drawing up the procedure for Obstetric nurses in the delivery room. Keywords: oral intake; diet; oral liquids; labor.
Description
Keywords
Bebidas Dieta Revisão Trabalho de parto Beverages Diet Labor, obstetric Review