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Intervenções do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação promotoras do equilíbrio na pessoa idosa : Scoping review
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Introdução: A Enfermagem de Reabilitação, enquanto área especializada com conhecimentos científicos e técnicos avançados, centra-se na maximização da funcionalidade e na promoção da qualidade de vida. Neste contexto, os estágios constituem uma oportunidade privilegiada para integrar saberes, permitindo adquirir e consolidar competências.
Objetivos: Descrever o percurso de aquisição de competências comuns e específicas em Enfermagem de Reabilitação e mapear a evidência científica sobre intervenções do Enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação (EEER) que promovem o equilíbrio na pessoa idosa.
Métodos: O relatório foi estruturado em duas partes. A primeira corresponde à componente clínica, onde se recorreu à metodologia descritiva para refletir sobre o processo de desenvolvimento de competências comuns e especificas. Na segunda parte é apresentada a scoping review “Intervenções do EEER promotoras do equilíbrio na pessoa idosa”, conduzida segundo a metodologia do Joanna Briggs Institute e reportada de acordo com o PRISMA-ScR.
Resultados: Os estágios permitiram aplicar conhecimentos e consolidar uma prática autónoma e fundamentada. A investigação reforçou a capacidade de pesquisa, análise crítica e produção de conhecimento científico. A scoping review incluiu 23 estudos que identificaram quatro categorias de intervenção promotoras do equilíbrio na pessoa idosa: exercícios musculoarticulares, sensoriomotores, cognitivo-motores e multicomponente, todos com impacto positivo no equilíbrio e funcionalidade em geral.
Conclusão: O percurso clínico consolidou competências essenciais do EEER, reforçando o seu papel na promoção da independência e qualidade de vida. A scoping review evidenciou a relevância das intervenções do EEER na manutenção da funcionalidade do idoso.
Palavras-chave: Enfermagem de Reabilitação; Competências; Idoso; Equilíbrio.
Abstract Introduction: Rehabilitation Nursing, as a specialized field with advanced scientific and technical knowledge, focuses on maximizing functionality and promoting quality of life. In this context, internships provide a privileged opportunity to integrate knowledge, allowing the acquisition and consolidation of skills. Objectives: To describe the process of acquiring common and specific competencies in Rehabilitation Nursing and to map the scientific evidence on interventions by the Rehabilitation Nurse that promote balance in older adults. Methodology: The report is structured in two parts. The first corresponds to the clinical component, using a descriptive methodology to reflect on the development of common and specific competencies. The second part presents the scoping review “Rehabilitation Nursing Interventions that promote Balance in Older Adults,” conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Results: The internships allowed the application of knowledge and the consolidation of an autonomous and well-founded practice. The research strengthened skills in investigation, critical analysis, and scientific knowledge production. The scoping review included 23 studies that identified four categories of interventions promoting balance in older adults: musculoskeletal exercises, sensorimotor exercises, cognitive-motor exercises, and multicomponent interventions, all with positive effects on balance and overall functionality. Conclusions: The clinical experience consolidated essential rehabilitation nursing competencies, reinforcing their role in promoting independence and quality of life. The scoping review highlighted the relevance of rehabilitation nursing interventions in maintaining functionality in older adults. Keywords: Rehabilitation Nursing; Competencies; Older adults; Balance.
Abstract Introduction: Rehabilitation Nursing, as a specialized field with advanced scientific and technical knowledge, focuses on maximizing functionality and promoting quality of life. In this context, internships provide a privileged opportunity to integrate knowledge, allowing the acquisition and consolidation of skills. Objectives: To describe the process of acquiring common and specific competencies in Rehabilitation Nursing and to map the scientific evidence on interventions by the Rehabilitation Nurse that promote balance in older adults. Methodology: The report is structured in two parts. The first corresponds to the clinical component, using a descriptive methodology to reflect on the development of common and specific competencies. The second part presents the scoping review “Rehabilitation Nursing Interventions that promote Balance in Older Adults,” conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Results: The internships allowed the application of knowledge and the consolidation of an autonomous and well-founded practice. The research strengthened skills in investigation, critical analysis, and scientific knowledge production. The scoping review included 23 studies that identified four categories of interventions promoting balance in older adults: musculoskeletal exercises, sensorimotor exercises, cognitive-motor exercises, and multicomponent interventions, all with positive effects on balance and overall functionality. Conclusions: The clinical experience consolidated essential rehabilitation nursing competencies, reinforcing their role in promoting independence and quality of life. The scoping review highlighted the relevance of rehabilitation nursing interventions in maintaining functionality in older adults. Keywords: Rehabilitation Nursing; Competencies; Older adults; Balance.
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Competência profissional Educação de doentes Enfermagem de reabilitação Equilíbrio postural Promoção da saúde Health promotion Patiente education Postural balance Professional competence Rehabilitation nursing