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Authors
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: A gestão da doença, designadamente da hipertensão arterial (HTA)
através do apoio à auto-gestão, aconselhamento motivacional, acesso à informação
resultam em maior adesão terapêutica.
Objetivos: Identificar os fatores que determinam a adesão ao tratamento na pessoa
com HTA numa amostra comunitária.
Metodologia: Estudo transversal, descritivo-correlacional, com amostra de 235
hipertensos (63,8% do género feminino), idade média 75 ± 8,14 anos, 62,6% casados
e a maioria com o 1.º ciclo de escolaridade. Recorremos ao questionário com variáveis
sociodemográficas, dietéticas, clínicas, motivacionais, relacionadas com os
profissionais e serviços de saúde, Escala de Apgar Familiar, Questionário de
Dependência Alcoólica, Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física, Questionário de
Determinação da Saúde Nutricional, Escala de Autocuidado com a Hipertensão,
Questionário de Crenças Sobre a Doença, Escala de Crenças Acerca dos
Medicamentos, Escala de Satisfação dos Utentes com os Cuidados de Enfermagem na
Unidade Móvel de Saúde, Questionário abreviado da Perceção do Cliente sobre o
Ambiente Terapêutico, Questionário de Autorregulação, Escala de Competência
Percebida e Escala de Medida de Adesão aos Tratamentos para colheita de dados.
Resultados: A pressão arterial estava controlada em 34,5% da amostra, 28,2%
homens e 38% mulheres. A MAT revelou um mínimo de 3,86 e um máximo de 6 com
uma média de 5,66±0,49. As variáveis preditoras da adesão foram: controlo pessoal
(p=0,005), identidade (p=0,000), ambiente terapêutico (p=0,001), alimentação geral
(p=0,041), atividade física (p=0,007) e toma de medicamentos (p=0,000).
Conclusões: Compreender os fatores envolvidos na gestão do tratamento permite
perceber como podem os enfermeiros contribuir para melhorar a adesão ao regime
terapêutico.
Palavras-chave: Hipertensão arterial, gestão da doença crónica, adesão ao
tratamento e adultos.
Abstract Background: The management of the disease, including high blood pressure (HTA) by supporting self-management, motivational counseling, access to information results in increased adherence. Objectives: To identify the factors that determine adherence to treatment in people with hypertension in a community sample. Methods: Cross-sectional study, descriptive and correlational, with a sample of 235 hypertensive patients (63.8% of females), mean age 75 ± 8.14 years, 62.6% were married and most with the 1st cycle of schooling. We used the questionnaire with sociodemographic, dietary, clinical, motivational, related professionals and health services, Apgar Family Scale Dependence Questionnaire Alcohol, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Determination Questionnaire of Nutritional Health, Self Care Scale with hypertension, Beliefs Questionnaire About Illness Beliefs Scale About Drugs, the Users Satisfaction Scale with Nursing Care in Mobile Health Unit, abbreviated Questionnaire Customer Perception of Therapeutic Environment, Self- Regulation Questionnaire, Skill Range perceived and Adhesion Measurement Scale to treatments for data collection. Results: Blood pressure was controlled in 34.5% of the sample, 28.2% men and 38% women. The MAT revealed a minimum of 3.86 and a maximum of 6 with an average of 5.66 ± 0.49. Predictors of adherence were: personal control (p=0.005), identity (p=0.000), therapeutic environment (p=0.001), general supply (p=0.041), physical activity (p=0.007) and take drugs (p=0.000). Conclusions: Understanding the factors involved in treatment management allows us to see how can nurses help to improve adherence to treatment regimen. Key-words: Arterial hypertension, chronic disease management, adherence to treatment and adults.
Abstract Background: The management of the disease, including high blood pressure (HTA) by supporting self-management, motivational counseling, access to information results in increased adherence. Objectives: To identify the factors that determine adherence to treatment in people with hypertension in a community sample. Methods: Cross-sectional study, descriptive and correlational, with a sample of 235 hypertensive patients (63.8% of females), mean age 75 ± 8.14 years, 62.6% were married and most with the 1st cycle of schooling. We used the questionnaire with sociodemographic, dietary, clinical, motivational, related professionals and health services, Apgar Family Scale Dependence Questionnaire Alcohol, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Determination Questionnaire of Nutritional Health, Self Care Scale with hypertension, Beliefs Questionnaire About Illness Beliefs Scale About Drugs, the Users Satisfaction Scale with Nursing Care in Mobile Health Unit, abbreviated Questionnaire Customer Perception of Therapeutic Environment, Self- Regulation Questionnaire, Skill Range perceived and Adhesion Measurement Scale to treatments for data collection. Results: Blood pressure was controlled in 34.5% of the sample, 28.2% men and 38% women. The MAT revealed a minimum of 3.86 and a maximum of 6 with an average of 5.66 ± 0.49. Predictors of adherence were: personal control (p=0.005), identity (p=0.000), therapeutic environment (p=0.001), general supply (p=0.041), physical activity (p=0.007) and take drugs (p=0.000). Conclusions: Understanding the factors involved in treatment management allows us to see how can nurses help to improve adherence to treatment regimen. Key-words: Arterial hypertension, chronic disease management, adherence to treatment and adults.
Description
Keywords
Adesão à medicação Adulto Conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde Cooperação do doente Doença crónica Estilo de vida Hipertensão Motivação Unidades móveis de saúde Adult Chronic disease Health knowledge, attitudes, practice Hypertension Life style Medication adherence Mobile health units Motivation Patient compliance
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Escola Superior de Saúde de Viseu