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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A carne de ave tem ocupado um lugar de destaque no panorama mundial, tendo crescido de forma "exponencial". A pressão económica e aumento de custos de produção têm obrigado as empresas avícolas a um maior controlo sobre todos os processos produtivos, como o rendimento de carcaça, sendo alcançado pela eficiência alimentar do pinto do carne, obtido pela constante evolução genética dos seus pais. Para baixar custos, as empresas começaram a trabalhar num sistema integrado e vertical, onde podem acompanhar com maior rigor e profissionalismo e especialização todo o processo produtivo. Os animais de alto rendimento, onde o macho e a fêmea reprodutora têm um papel fundamental para o crescimento "meteórico" do frango de carne, onde a genética tem evoluído nos últimos anos de forma a garantir um maior rendimento de carcaça. Realizou-se o estudo de 22 lotes de galinhas reprodutoras de duas estirpes diferentes (Ross 308 e Cobb 500) ao longo de 3 anos com o objetivo de analisar diferenças produtivas entre estirpes, relacionar e estudar as influências do maneio e variáveis de cria-recria com o maneio e variáveis de produção. Em cria-recria verificou-se não haver influências significativas entre estirpes, bem como em explorações e nos diferentes anos em causa, muito devido às excelentes condições ambientais proporcionadas aos animais durante todo o ano. Em produção as principais diferenças verificaram-se entre estirpes, com a Ross 308 a ter maior percentagem de ovos postos e incubáveis, e a fazer com que nem uma maior fertilidade e eclosibilidade da Cobb 500 tenha conseguido chegar ao maior número de pintos por fêmea alojada por parte da Ross 308. Analisando e relacionando variáveis de cria-recria com variáveis de produção, verificou-se que não há resultados significativos entre variáreis que nos levem a concluir, de forma absoluta, a influência da cria-recria nas variáveis produtivas na produção.
ABSTRACT: The poultry meat has occupied a prominent place on the world stage, having grown "exponentially". Economic pressure and increasing production costs have forced the poultry company's greater control over all processes, such as carcass yield, and feed efficiency achieved by the dick meat obtained by constant evolution of their genetic parents. To lower costs, companies began to work in an integrated and vertical, where they can follow up with more rigor and professionalism and expertise throughout the production process. The animals of high yield, where the male and female reproductive have a key role in the 'meteoric' growth of meat chicken, where genetics has evolved in recent years to ensure a higher carcass yield. We conducted the study to 22 batches of hens of two different strains (Ross 308 and Cobb 500)over three and study the influences of management variables in rearing breeders and the management and production variables. In rearing breeders found not to be significant influences between strains as well as various holding and relevant years, largely due to the excellent environmental conditions offered to the animals throughout the year. In production the major differences were observed between strains, with Ross 308 having a higher percentage of eggs and hatching eggs, and cause a greater fertility and hatchability of Coob 500 has failed to reach the greatest number of chicks per female per hosted part of Ross 308. Analyzing and correlating variables rearing breeders with production variables, it was found that no significant results betwen variables that lead us to conclude rearing breeders the influence of the production variables in production.
ABSTRACT: The poultry meat has occupied a prominent place on the world stage, having grown "exponentially". Economic pressure and increasing production costs have forced the poultry company's greater control over all processes, such as carcass yield, and feed efficiency achieved by the dick meat obtained by constant evolution of their genetic parents. To lower costs, companies began to work in an integrated and vertical, where they can follow up with more rigor and professionalism and expertise throughout the production process. The animals of high yield, where the male and female reproductive have a key role in the 'meteoric' growth of meat chicken, where genetics has evolved in recent years to ensure a higher carcass yield. We conducted the study to 22 batches of hens of two different strains (Ross 308 and Cobb 500)over three and study the influences of management variables in rearing breeders and the management and production variables. In rearing breeders found not to be significant influences between strains as well as various holding and relevant years, largely due to the excellent environmental conditions offered to the animals throughout the year. In production the major differences were observed between strains, with Ross 308 having a higher percentage of eggs and hatching eggs, and cause a greater fertility and hatchability of Coob 500 has failed to reach the greatest number of chicks per female per hosted part of Ross 308. Analyzing and correlating variables rearing breeders with production variables, it was found that no significant results betwen variables that lead us to conclude rearing breeders the influence of the production variables in production.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Tecnologias da Produção Animal
Keywords
Avicultura Produção animal Criação de aves de capoeira Frango de corte Desempenho reprodutivo Poultry breeders Strains Production parameters Life-cycle
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Viseu. Escola Superior Agrária