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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: A violĂȘncia domĂ©stica contra as mulheres Ă© uma situação que ocorre
sobretudo no espaço privado familiar que pode ser infligida pelo companheiro/cÎnjuge. Este
tipo de violĂȘncia Ă© considerado pela Organização Mundial de SaĂșde como um problema de
saĂșde pĂșblica que tem repercussĂ”es ao nĂvel da saĂșde da mulher em todo o ciclo vital,
incluindo o gravĂdico-puerperal.
Objetivos: Determinar a prevalĂȘncia de violĂȘncia domĂ©stica na gravidez nas dimensĂ”es
fĂsica, psicolĂłgica e sexual; Caracterizar as grĂĄvidas vĂtimas de violĂȘncia domĂ©stica;
Identificar alguns fatores associados Ă violĂȘncia domĂ©stica durante a gravidez.
MĂ©todos: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, correlacional, utilizando uma amostra nĂŁo
probabilĂstica de conveniĂȘncia, constituĂda por um total de 852 puĂ©rperas, das quais 370
foram vĂtimas de violĂȘncia domĂ©stica segundo os critĂ©rios adotados pela escala modificada
de prevalĂȘncia, aplicada entre fevereiro e junho de 2012, em duas instituiçÔes de saĂșde
pĂșblicas portuguesas, uma da RegiĂŁo Centro e outra da Grande Lisboa.
Resultados: A caracterização da grĂĄvida vĂtima de violĂȘncia: mulher imigrante (p=0,000), de
outra raça/etnia que nĂŁo a branca (p=0,000), solteira/divorciada/viĂșva (p=0,000), com
habilitaçÔes literĂĄrias †9Âș ano (p=0,000), desempregada (p=0,000), multĂpara (p=0,021) e
com um IMC antes da gravidez de pré-obesidade (p=0,003). Como fatores preditores
encontramos o companheiro/cĂŽnjuge imigrante (p=0,000), com habilitaçÔes literĂĄrias †9Âș
ano (p=0,000) e desempregado (p=0,000); rendimento mensal †1000 euros (p=0,000) e
com bom Ăndice de aglomeração (p=0,002); gravidez planeada (p=0,001), mas nĂŁo vigiada
(p=0,000). Como fatores protetores encontramos as grĂĄvidas e companheiros/cĂŽnjuges com
o ensino Superior (p=0,000). A prevalĂȘncia de violĂȘncia domĂ©stica na gravidez foi de 43,4%
(incluindo os trĂȘs tipos de violĂȘncia). Com violĂȘncia fĂsica ligeira encontramos 11,7%,
moderada 3,2% e grave 7%; a violĂȘncia psicolĂłgica ligeira 24,9%, moderada 2,9% e grave
15,4%; e a violĂȘncia sexual ligeira 15,1%, moderada 3,1% e grave 1,4%.
ConclusĂŁo: A prevalĂȘncia de violĂȘncia das grĂĄvidas pode ser tĂŁo elevada como a da
população em geral. A violĂȘncia psicolĂłgica foi a mais prevalente durante a gravidez e os
fatores de natureza socioeconĂłmicos revelaram-se importantes preditores de violĂȘncia
doméstica. Estes resultados obrigam-nos a repensar estratégias, de modo a serem
implementados programas de intervenção adequados Ă detecção de vĂtimas de violĂȘncia
durante a gravidez. A determinação dos fatores associados de violĂȘncia domĂ©stica na
gravidez Ă© muito importante, pois o seu conhecimento por parte dos profissionais que
contactam com a mulher no Ăąmbito da vigilĂąncia de saĂșde materno-fetal, poderĂĄ permitir
uma maior atenção aos sinais que possam surgir no decorrer dessas consultas.
Palavras-chave: ViolĂȘncia domestica; Gravidez; PrevalĂȘncia; Fatores associados.
ABSTRACT Background: Domestic violence against women is a situation occurs mainly in the familyâs intimacy and can be inflicted by the partner/spouse. This kind of violence is considered by the World Health Organization as a public health issue that has an impact on women's health throughout their lives, including during pregnancy and puerperium. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy in physical, psychological and sexual dimensions; to characterize pregnant victims of domestic violence; to identify factors associated with domestic violence during pregnancy. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive and correlational study, using a non-probability sample of convenience, consisting on a total of 852 postpartum women, from which 370 were victims of domestic violence according to criteria adopted by the modified scale of prevalence applied between February and June 2012 in two Portuguese public health institutions. Results: The profile of the pregnant victim of violence: immigrant women (p=0,000), with other race/ethnicity other than white (p=0,000), with marital status single/divorced/widowed (p=0,000), with qualifications †9 year (p=0,000), unemployed (p=0,000), multiparous (p= 0,021) and with a BMI before pregnancy of pre-obesity (p=0,003). As predictor factors of domestic violence during pregnancy we found: partner/spouse immigrant (p=0,000), with qualifications †9th grade (p=0,000) and unemployed (p=0,000); monthly income â€1000 ⏠(p=0,000) and with good agglomeration index (p=0,002); planned pregnancy (p=0,001), but not guarded (p=0,000). Protective factors were found to be pregnant and companions/spouses with higher education (p=0,000). The prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy was found to be of 43,4 % (including the three types of violence). With mild physical violence we found 11,7%, 3,2% moderate and severe 7%; a minor psychological violence 24,9 %, 2,9 % moderate and 15,4% severe; and sexual violence 15,1% mild, 3,1% moderate and 1,4% severe. Conclusion: The prevalence of violence in pregnant can be as high as in the general population. Psychological violence is the most prevalent during the pregnancy and the socioeconomic background was found be an important predictor of domestic violence. These results will make us rethink about strategies, in a way that adequate intervention programs could be set-up in place to identify pregnant women that are victim of violence during the pregnancy. The determination of the factors associated with domestic violence during pregnancy is of extreme importance, as its knowledge by the healthcare professionals that are in contact with the woman during the surveillance of the maternal-fetal health, will improve the attention paid to the signs that might show-up during these consults. Keywords: Domestic violence; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Associated factors
ABSTRACT Background: Domestic violence against women is a situation occurs mainly in the familyâs intimacy and can be inflicted by the partner/spouse. This kind of violence is considered by the World Health Organization as a public health issue that has an impact on women's health throughout their lives, including during pregnancy and puerperium. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy in physical, psychological and sexual dimensions; to characterize pregnant victims of domestic violence; to identify factors associated with domestic violence during pregnancy. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive and correlational study, using a non-probability sample of convenience, consisting on a total of 852 postpartum women, from which 370 were victims of domestic violence according to criteria adopted by the modified scale of prevalence applied between February and June 2012 in two Portuguese public health institutions. Results: The profile of the pregnant victim of violence: immigrant women (p=0,000), with other race/ethnicity other than white (p=0,000), with marital status single/divorced/widowed (p=0,000), with qualifications †9 year (p=0,000), unemployed (p=0,000), multiparous (p= 0,021) and with a BMI before pregnancy of pre-obesity (p=0,003). As predictor factors of domestic violence during pregnancy we found: partner/spouse immigrant (p=0,000), with qualifications †9th grade (p=0,000) and unemployed (p=0,000); monthly income â€1000 ⏠(p=0,000) and with good agglomeration index (p=0,002); planned pregnancy (p=0,001), but not guarded (p=0,000). Protective factors were found to be pregnant and companions/spouses with higher education (p=0,000). The prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy was found to be of 43,4 % (including the three types of violence). With mild physical violence we found 11,7%, 3,2% moderate and severe 7%; a minor psychological violence 24,9 %, 2,9 % moderate and 15,4% severe; and sexual violence 15,1% mild, 3,1% moderate and 1,4% severe. Conclusion: The prevalence of violence in pregnant can be as high as in the general population. Psychological violence is the most prevalent during the pregnancy and the socioeconomic background was found be an important predictor of domestic violence. These results will make us rethink about strategies, in a way that adequate intervention programs could be set-up in place to identify pregnant women that are victim of violence during the pregnancy. The determination of the factors associated with domestic violence during pregnancy is of extreme importance, as its knowledge by the healthcare professionals that are in contact with the woman during the surveillance of the maternal-fetal health, will improve the attention paid to the signs that might show-up during these consults. Keywords: Domestic violence; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Associated factors
Description
Keywords
Abuso conjugal Factores de risco Gravidez PrevalĂȘncia ViolĂȘncia domĂ©stica Domestic violence Pregnancy Prevalence Risk factors Spouse abuse