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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: A ferida crónica é considerada um problema significativo para o doente, família e sistema de saúde, com repercussões na qualidade de vida (QV) do doente.
Objetivos: Avaliar a QV do doente com ferida crónica nos membros inferiores e identificar as variáveis sociodemográficas, familiares e clínicas que a influenciam.
Métodos: Estudo analítico, transversal, realizado numa amostra não probabilística com 149 doentes com ferida crónica nos membros inferiores. O questionário elaborado inclui variáveis sociodemográficas, escala de “Gijón”, escala de Apgar familiar, caracterização clínica, índice de Katz, escala da dor e Esquema Cardiff de Impacto na Ferida.
Resultados: Amostra maioritariamente do sexo masculino (69,8%), com idade média (71,34±12,482 anos), com níveis intermédios de QV (49,0%), destacando-se a dimensão “bem-estar” com valores negativos (36,00%). A idade, estado civil, situação profissional, funcionalidade familiar, dor, tipologia da ferida e exercício físico associaram-se com a dimensão “bem-estar”. O nível de escolaridade, IMC, capacidade funcional, dor, hábitos alcoólicos, exercício físico e o local de realização do penso relacionaram-se com a dimensão “sintomas físicos e vida diária”; a zona de residência, IMC, capacidade funcional, dor, hábitos alcoólicos, exercício físico e local de realização do penso interferiram com a dimensão “vida social”. As variáveis dor e tempo de duração da ferida são variáveis preditoras negativas da dimensão “bem-estar”; a dor e a capacidade funcional predizem inversamente a dimensão “sintomas físicos e vida diária”; a dor, capacidade funcional, risco social e tempo de demora para a execução do penso são preditoras negativas para a dimensão “vida social”.
Conclusão: O bem-estar representa a área subjetiva da QV, apresentando valores negativos preocupantes que se repercutem às restantes dimensões da QV e QV geral. Reconhecer a ferida crónica, a sua principal causa, sintomatologia associada, complicações, implicações pessoais/familiares e nos serviços de saúde são reflexões necessárias para a implementação de medidas preventivas e curativas.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Qualidade de Vida, Doença Crónica, Ferimentos e Lesões, Extremidade Inferior.
ABSTRACT Framework: A chronic wound is considered a significant problem for the patient, family and health systems with impact in quality of life (QOL) of the patient. Objectives: Evaluate QOL of patients with chronic wounds in lower limbs and to identify the socio-demographic, family and clínical variables that influence it. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study, using a non-probabilistic sampling method in 149 patients with chronic wounds of the lower limbs. It was developed a questionnaire, which includes: socio-demographics variables, scale of "Gijon", Apgar score family, clínical characterization, Katz index, pain scale and Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule. Results: Sample mostly male (69.8%), mean age (71.34 ± 12.482 years), obtained intermediate values for QOL (49.0%) with emphasis on the dimension "wellbeing" with negative values (36.00%). It was found that age, marital status, employment status, family functionality, pain, wound type and physical exercise have influenced the dimension "wellbeing"; educational level, BMI, functional capacity, pain, alcohol habits, physical exercise and the place of the dressing are being, are related to dimension "physical symptoms and daily life"; the area of residence, BMI, functional capacity, pain, alcohol consumption, physical exercise and the place of the dressing are being, interfered with dimension "social life". Negative predictors of dimension "wellbeing" are: pain and duration of wound; the variables, pain and the functional capacity predict inversely the dimension "physical symptoms and daily life"; pain, the functional capacity, social risk and the time required for dressing changes are predictors negative for the dimension "social life". Conclusion: The wellbeing is the subjective domain of QOL, presenting troubling negative values with a significant impact on all dimensions of QOL and overall QOL. Recognizing the chronic wound, the main cause, associated symptomatology, complications, family/ personal implications and health services, are necessary reflections for the implementation of preventive and curative measures. KEYWORDS: Quality of life, Chronic Disease, Wounds and Injuries, Lower Extremity.
ABSTRACT Framework: A chronic wound is considered a significant problem for the patient, family and health systems with impact in quality of life (QOL) of the patient. Objectives: Evaluate QOL of patients with chronic wounds in lower limbs and to identify the socio-demographic, family and clínical variables that influence it. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study, using a non-probabilistic sampling method in 149 patients with chronic wounds of the lower limbs. It was developed a questionnaire, which includes: socio-demographics variables, scale of "Gijon", Apgar score family, clínical characterization, Katz index, pain scale and Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule. Results: Sample mostly male (69.8%), mean age (71.34 ± 12.482 years), obtained intermediate values for QOL (49.0%) with emphasis on the dimension "wellbeing" with negative values (36.00%). It was found that age, marital status, employment status, family functionality, pain, wound type and physical exercise have influenced the dimension "wellbeing"; educational level, BMI, functional capacity, pain, alcohol habits, physical exercise and the place of the dressing are being, are related to dimension "physical symptoms and daily life"; the area of residence, BMI, functional capacity, pain, alcohol consumption, physical exercise and the place of the dressing are being, interfered with dimension "social life". Negative predictors of dimension "wellbeing" are: pain and duration of wound; the variables, pain and the functional capacity predict inversely the dimension "physical symptoms and daily life"; pain, the functional capacity, social risk and the time required for dressing changes are predictors negative for the dimension "social life". Conclusion: The wellbeing is the subjective domain of QOL, presenting troubling negative values with a significant impact on all dimensions of QOL and overall QOL. Recognizing the chronic wound, the main cause, associated symptomatology, complications, family/ personal implications and health services, are necessary reflections for the implementation of preventive and curative measures. KEYWORDS: Quality of life, Chronic Disease, Wounds and Injuries, Lower Extremity.
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Keywords
Doença crónica Extremidade inferior Ferimentos e lesões Qualidade de vida Úlcera da perna Chronic disease Leg ulcer Lower extremity Quality of life Wounds and injuries