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Authors
Abstract(s)
A qualidade dos edifícios educacionais está diretamente ligada com o grau de satisfação dos
seus ocupantes em relação ao conforto térmico. Esta qualidade deve ser preservada,
principalmente nas salas de aula, em que os níveis de conforto térmico devem ser adequados a
fim de assegurar que os estudantes se sintam satisfeitos, garantindo-se assim as condições
necessárias para um adequado desempenho académico.
No presente trabalho pretende-se realizar a avaliação das condições de conforto térmico no
interior das salas de aula de um edifício universitário da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do
Paraná, localizado no campus da cidade de Pato Branco no Brasil, e testar a eficácia de
diferentes estratégias de arrefecimento passivo com o objetivo de melhorar o conforto térmico
das salas de aula. Para tal, é utilizado um programa de simulação térmica em regime
dinâmico, o DesignBuilder.
Inicialmente foi realizada a modelação do caso de estudo com base em informações de
projetos cedidos pela própria universidade e em seguida foram realizadas quatro simulações
relativas ao estado atual da edificação.
A partir dos resultados das simulações, foi realizada a avaliação do conforto térmico
utilizando o modelo proposto pela EN 15251, concluindo-se que as salas de aula não
apresentam níveis adequados de conforto térmico, manifestando longos períodos
caracterizados por desconforto por sobreaquecimento.
Após este estudo, foram realizadas outras nove simulações de cenários com intervenções para
tentar minimizar este desconforto. Quatro destes cenários incluíam isoladamente estratégias
de arrefecimento passivo, nomeadamente: ventilação natural, cobertura verde e pintura
refletante. As cinco simulações restantes eram compostas por combinações variadas entre as
estratégias anteriores.
De forma sintética, o estudo permitiu concluir que, para as condições apresentadas neste caso
de estudo, a estratégia de arrefecimento passivo mais eficiente é a ventilação natural, porém
não causa grandes impactos quando utilizada de forma isolada. A melhoria significativa do
conforto térmico só foi alcançada através da utilização de duas ou mais estratégias
combinadas.
ABSTRACT: The quality of educational buildings is directly linked to the degree of satisfaction of its occupants in relation to thermal comfort. This quality must be preserved, especially in classrooms, where the levels of thermal comfort must be suitable to ensure that students feel satisfied, thus guaranteeing the necessary conditions for adequate academic performance. The present work intends to evaluate the thermal comfort conditions inside the classrooms of a university building at the Federal Technological University of Paraná, located on the campus of Pato Branco, Brazil, and to test the effectiveness of different strategies of passive cooling to improve the thermal comfort of the classrooms. For that, a dynamic thermal simulation software, DesignBuilder, is used. Initially, the case study was modeled based on project information provided by the university itself, and then four simulations were carried out regarding the current state of the building. Based on the results of the simulations, the evaluation of thermal comfort was performed using the model proposed by EN 15251. In conclusion, the classrooms do not have adequate levels of thermal comfort, showing long periods characterized by discomfort due to overheating. After this study, nine other scenario simulations were carried out with interventions to try to minimize this discomfort. Four of these scenarios included passive cooling strategies in isolation, namely natural ventilation, green roof, and reflective paint. The remaining five simulations were composed of varied combinations between the previous strategies. In summary, the study allowed us to conclude that, for the conditions presented in this case study, the most efficient passive cooling strategy is natural ventilation, but it does not cause great impacts when used in isolation. The significant improvement in thermal comfort was only achieved through the use of two or more combined strategies.
ABSTRACT: The quality of educational buildings is directly linked to the degree of satisfaction of its occupants in relation to thermal comfort. This quality must be preserved, especially in classrooms, where the levels of thermal comfort must be suitable to ensure that students feel satisfied, thus guaranteeing the necessary conditions for adequate academic performance. The present work intends to evaluate the thermal comfort conditions inside the classrooms of a university building at the Federal Technological University of Paraná, located on the campus of Pato Branco, Brazil, and to test the effectiveness of different strategies of passive cooling to improve the thermal comfort of the classrooms. For that, a dynamic thermal simulation software, DesignBuilder, is used. Initially, the case study was modeled based on project information provided by the university itself, and then four simulations were carried out regarding the current state of the building. Based on the results of the simulations, the evaluation of thermal comfort was performed using the model proposed by EN 15251. In conclusion, the classrooms do not have adequate levels of thermal comfort, showing long periods characterized by discomfort due to overheating. After this study, nine other scenario simulations were carried out with interventions to try to minimize this discomfort. Four of these scenarios included passive cooling strategies in isolation, namely natural ventilation, green roof, and reflective paint. The remaining five simulations were composed of varied combinations between the previous strategies. In summary, the study allowed us to conclude that, for the conditions presented in this case study, the most efficient passive cooling strategy is natural ventilation, but it does not cause great impacts when used in isolation. The significant improvement in thermal comfort was only achieved through the use of two or more combined strategies.
Description
Keywords
Arrefecimento passivo Conforto térmico Edifícios educacionais Ventilação natural Cobertura verde Pintura refletante