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Abstract(s)
INTRODUÇÃO: Embora o envelhecimento seja uma etapa natural do desenvolvimento, as
representações sociais relacionadas com os idosos conduzem a atitudes discriminatórias que
comprometem a qualidade do atendimento e dos cuidados. Assim, o presente estudo teve
como principal objectivo conhecer as representações sociais e atitudes dos enfermeiros face ao
utente idoso.
MÉTODO: Realizou-se um estudo transversal, descritivo-correlacional, de natureza
quantitativa, no qual participaram 151 enfermeiros, 115 mulheres na faixa etária dos 22 aos
55 anos (M = 36,79) e 36 homens na faixa etária dos 24 aos 54 anos (M = 38,78). Para a
mensuração das variáveis utilizaram-se os seguintes instrumentos: uma ficha sóciodemográfica,
a Escala de Representações Sociais de Catita & Goulão (2008) e a Escala
Diferencial Semântica de Atitudes em Relação à Velhice de Neri, Cachioni & Resende
(2002).
RESULTADOS: A análise dos resultados da escala de representações sociais mostrou que
nos seus três factores (positivas, negativas e cuidar o idoso) as mesmas são tendencialmente
positivas e a escala das atitudes revelou que atitudes neutras. Os resultados demonstraram
existência de diferenças significativas entre as variáveis: idade, pós-licenciatura, serviço, tempo
na profissão, tempo no serviço e grau de parentesco e as representações sociais. Verificou-se que
os enfermeiros mais jovens, com menos tempo de experiência na carreira e actual serviço, com
formação pós-base (pós-licenciatura) e que vivem/convivem com idosos do 1º e 2º grau
concomitantemente, apresentam melhores representações sociais.
CONCLUSÕES: As evidências encontradas vão no sentido da necessidade de enriquecer os
currículos dos cursos base e pós-base em matérias sobre o envelhecimento, promover o
contacto intergeracional e gerir inteligentemente os recursos humanos nas instituições de
saúde colocando profissionais mais jovens a cuidar de idosos, promovendo também a
rotatividade entre serviços, no prazo máximo de cinco anos.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: representações sociais, atitudes, enfermeiros, idosos.
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Although aging is a natural stage of development, social representations related to the elderly lead to discriminatory attitudes that undermine the quality of care . Thus, the present study had as main objective to know the social representations and attitudes of nurses over the wearer elderly. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational, quantitative, attended by 151 nurses, 115 women aged 22 to 55 years (M = 36.79) and 36 men aged 24 to 54 years (M = 38.78). To measure the variables we used the following instruments: a sociodemographic form, the Scale of Social Representations of Catita & Goulão (2008) and the Semantic Differential Scale of Attitudes Toward Aging of Neri, Cachioni & Resende (2002). RESULTS: The results of the scale of social representations showed that in all three factors (positive, negative and care for the elderly) tend to be positive and the scale of attitudes revealed neutral attitudes. The results showed significant differences between the variables: age, postgraduate, service, time in profession, time in service and degree of kinship and social representations. It was found that younger nurses with less experience time in his career and current service, with training post-basic (post-graduate) and living with older 1st and 2nd degree concurrently, have better social representations. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence concur with the need to enrich the curricula of schools and post-base materials based on aging, promote intergenerational contact and intelligently manage human resources in health institutions, putting younger professionals caring for elderly, also promoting the turnover between services within a maximum of five years. KEYWORDS: social representations, attitudes, nurses, seniors.
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Although aging is a natural stage of development, social representations related to the elderly lead to discriminatory attitudes that undermine the quality of care . Thus, the present study had as main objective to know the social representations and attitudes of nurses over the wearer elderly. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational, quantitative, attended by 151 nurses, 115 women aged 22 to 55 years (M = 36.79) and 36 men aged 24 to 54 years (M = 38.78). To measure the variables we used the following instruments: a sociodemographic form, the Scale of Social Representations of Catita & Goulão (2008) and the Semantic Differential Scale of Attitudes Toward Aging of Neri, Cachioni & Resende (2002). RESULTS: The results of the scale of social representations showed that in all three factors (positive, negative and care for the elderly) tend to be positive and the scale of attitudes revealed neutral attitudes. The results showed significant differences between the variables: age, postgraduate, service, time in profession, time in service and degree of kinship and social representations. It was found that younger nurses with less experience time in his career and current service, with training post-basic (post-graduate) and living with older 1st and 2nd degree concurrently, have better social representations. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence concur with the need to enrich the curricula of schools and post-base materials based on aging, promote intergenerational contact and intelligently manage human resources in health institutions, putting younger professionals caring for elderly, also promoting the turnover between services within a maximum of five years. KEYWORDS: social representations, attitudes, nurses, seniors.
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Keywords
Atitude do pessoal de saúde Enfermeiros Envelhecimento Estereotipagem Identificação social Idoso Relação enfermeiro-doente Aged Aging Attitude of health personnel Nurse-patient relations Nurses Social identification Stereotyping
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Viseu, Escola Superior de Saúde de Viseu