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Determinantes da qualidade de vida dos cuidadores informais : Uma análise de sobrecarga, coping e suporte social
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O presente relatório insere-se no âmbito do Curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem Comunitária - área de Enfermagem de Saúde Comunitária e de Saúde Pública, tendo como objetivo analisar o percurso de desenvolvimento de competências do enfermeiro especialista em contexto de Estágio.
O trabalho encontra-se estruturado em duas componentes principais: a descrição das experiências desenvolvidas em contexto de prática clínica e a integração de um estudo sobre a qualidade de vida dos cuidadores informais. A componente de Estágio decorreu, nomeadamente, na Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade de Lamego e na Unidade de Saúde Pública Marão e Douro Norte.
Ao longo do relatório, evidencia-se a importância do enfermeiro especialista na promoção da saúde, prevenção da doença e capacitação das populações. Destaca-se a relevância da intervenção comunitária, baseada na proximidade, multidisciplinaridade e adaptação às necessidades da população, considerando os determinantes sociais e de saúde.
O relatório contempla a contextualização das unidades de saúde onde decorreram os ensinos clínicos, bem como a caracterização do contexto demográfico, social e epidemiológico da região. Ao longo deste processo, é fundamentado o desenvolvimento das competências adquiridas, evidenciado pelas atividades desenvolvidas.
O estudo incide na análise da qualidade de vida dos cuidadores informais, explorando a influência de variáveis psicossociais, nomeadamente a sobrecarga, o suporte social e o coping.
Em suma, o relatório evidencia o desenvolvimento de competências e a importância da investigação em enfermagem como suporte à tomada de decisão e à melhoria dos cuidados.
Palavras-chave: Saúde Comunitária; Saúde Pública; Enfermeiro Especialista; Cuidadores Informais; Qualidade de Vida
Abstract This report is developed within the scope of the Master’s Degree in Community Nursing, in the field of Community and Public Health Nursing, and aims to analyse the process of competency development of the specialist nurse in the context of clinical training. The report is structured into two main components: the description of experiences developed in clinical practice settings and the integration of a research study focused on the quality of life of informal caregivers. The clinical training component took place, namely, in the Community Care Unit of Lamego and in the Marão and Douro Norte Public Health Unit. Throughout the report, the relevance of the specialist nurse in health promotion, disease prevention and population empowerment is highlighted. Particular emphasis is placed on community-based interventions grounded in proximity, multidisciplinary collaboration and responsiveness to population needs, taking into account social and health determinants. The report includes the contextualisation of the healthcare units where the clinical training was undertaken, as well as the characterisation of the demographic, social and epidemiological context of the region. Within this framework, the development of acquired competencies is substantiated through the activities performed. The study focuses on the analysis of the quality of life of informal caregivers, exploring the influence of psychosocial variables, namely caregiver burden, perceived social support and coping strategies. In conclusion, the report highlights the development of competencies and underscores the importance of nursing research as a foundation for clinical decision-making and the continuous improvement of care. Keywords: Community Nursing; Public Health; Specialist Nurse; Informal Caregivers; Quality of Life
Abstract This report is developed within the scope of the Master’s Degree in Community Nursing, in the field of Community and Public Health Nursing, and aims to analyse the process of competency development of the specialist nurse in the context of clinical training. The report is structured into two main components: the description of experiences developed in clinical practice settings and the integration of a research study focused on the quality of life of informal caregivers. The clinical training component took place, namely, in the Community Care Unit of Lamego and in the Marão and Douro Norte Public Health Unit. Throughout the report, the relevance of the specialist nurse in health promotion, disease prevention and population empowerment is highlighted. Particular emphasis is placed on community-based interventions grounded in proximity, multidisciplinary collaboration and responsiveness to population needs, taking into account social and health determinants. The report includes the contextualisation of the healthcare units where the clinical training was undertaken, as well as the characterisation of the demographic, social and epidemiological context of the region. Within this framework, the development of acquired competencies is substantiated through the activities performed. The study focuses on the analysis of the quality of life of informal caregivers, exploring the influence of psychosocial variables, namely caregiver burden, perceived social support and coping strategies. In conclusion, the report highlights the development of competencies and underscores the importance of nursing research as a foundation for clinical decision-making and the continuous improvement of care. Keywords: Community Nursing; Public Health; Specialist Nurse; Informal Caregivers; Quality of Life
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Adaptação psicológica Apoio social Competência profissional Efeitos psicossociais da doença Enfermagem de saúde comunitária Enfermagem de saúde pública Prestadores de cuidados Qualidade de Vida Sobrecarga do cuidador Caregiver burden Caregivers Community health nursing Coping skills Cost of illness Professional competence Public health nursing Quality of life Social support