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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A dor aguda pós-operatória é um problema previsível, cuja prevenção e
controlo adequado podem evitar sofrimento desnecessário, economizar recursos em cuidados
de saúde e melhorar a qualidade de vida das doentes após cirurgia ginecológica. O enfemeiro
é um elemento de referência na abordagem da dor, devendo saber valorizar as diferentes
dimensões que constituem este fenómeno.
Objetivos: Identificar características da dor aguda pós-operatória (intensidade,
severidade, interferência funcional da dor) em doentes submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica;
Identificar e analisar a relação entre variáveis demográficas, clínicas e psicológicas
relacionadas com a dor aguda pós-operatória em doentes submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica.
Metodologia: Foi desenvolvido um estudo descritivo-correlacional e transversal, com
abordagem quantitativa. A amostra, não probabilística, foi de 76 mulheres submetidas a
cirurgia ginecológica. Avaliou-se a relação existente entre a dor pós-operatória (Inventário
Resumido da Dor - BPI) e variáveis demográficas, clínicas (prévias à cirurgia e relacionadas
com a cirurgia) e psicológicas (Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão - HADS e Escala
de Desânimo Associada à Dor - PCS).
Resultados: Uma proporção significativa de mulheres experienciou dor pósoperatória,
estando esta, na generalidade dos casos, controlada. Não estar na menopausa, ter
história de dor prévia, independentemente da localização, a existência de comorbilidades,
abordagem cirúrgica não laparoscópica, e estados de depressão e catastrofização mostraramse
relacionados com algumas características da dor pós-operatória, no sentido da intensidade,
severidade e interferência funcional da dor ser mais significativa. Os procedimentos
cirúrgicos que exigem estratégias de analgesia não convencional e analgesia de resgate
estiveram associados a mais dor.
Conclusão: As mulheres submetidas a cirurgia ginecológica têm a dor controlada. As
estratégias de analgesia utilizadas parecem adequadas. É necessário que o enfermeiro valorize
os fatores psicológicos que podem influenciar a dor, que atue junto das doentes para moderar
os seus níveis de ansiedade, e que avalie a dor atuando em conformidade através do recurso às
estratégias de que dispõe para o seu controlo, proporcionando-lhes um pós-operatório com o
máximo bem-estar.
Palavras-chave: dor, dor aguda pós-operatória, cirurgia ginecológica, BPI,
enfermeiro.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute postoperative pain is a predictable problem whose prevention and adequate control can avoid unnecessary suffering, save resources on health care and improve the quality of life of patients after gynecological surgery. The nurse is a reference element in the approach to pain, and should know how to value the different dimensions that constitute this phenomenon. Objectives: To identify characteristics of acute postoperative pain (intensity, severity and interference) in patients undergoing gynecological surgery; To identify and analyze the relationship between sociodemographic, clinical and psychological variables related to pain postoperative in patients undergoing gynecological surgery. Methodology: A descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study was developed with a quantitative approach. The non-probabilistic sample consisted of 76 women undergoing gynecological surgery. The relationship between postoperative pain (Brief Pain Inventory - BPI) and demographic, clinical (prior to surgery and surgery-related) and psychological variables (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - HADS, and Pain Catastrophizing Scale - PCS) was studied. Results: A significant proportion of women experienced postoperative pain, which was, in general, controlled. Not being in the menopause, previous history of pain, regardless of location, existence of comorbidities, non-laparoscopic surgical approach, and states of depression and catastrophization were related to some characteristics of postoperative pain, in the sense of intensity, severity and functional interference of the pain to be more significant. Surgical procedures requiring unconventional analgesia and rescue analgesia were associated with more pain. Conclusion: Women undergoing gynecological surgery have controlled pain. The analgesia strategies used seem adequate. It is necessary for nurses to value the psychological factors that can influence pain, to act with patients to moderate their anxiety levels, and to assess pain by acting accordingly through the use of the strategies available for their control and to provide a hospital experience with maximum well-being. Keywords: pain, acute postsurgical pain, gynecological surgery, BPI, nurse.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Acute postoperative pain is a predictable problem whose prevention and adequate control can avoid unnecessary suffering, save resources on health care and improve the quality of life of patients after gynecological surgery. The nurse is a reference element in the approach to pain, and should know how to value the different dimensions that constitute this phenomenon. Objectives: To identify characteristics of acute postoperative pain (intensity, severity and interference) in patients undergoing gynecological surgery; To identify and analyze the relationship between sociodemographic, clinical and psychological variables related to pain postoperative in patients undergoing gynecological surgery. Methodology: A descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study was developed with a quantitative approach. The non-probabilistic sample consisted of 76 women undergoing gynecological surgery. The relationship between postoperative pain (Brief Pain Inventory - BPI) and demographic, clinical (prior to surgery and surgery-related) and psychological variables (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - HADS, and Pain Catastrophizing Scale - PCS) was studied. Results: A significant proportion of women experienced postoperative pain, which was, in general, controlled. Not being in the menopause, previous history of pain, regardless of location, existence of comorbidities, non-laparoscopic surgical approach, and states of depression and catastrophization were related to some characteristics of postoperative pain, in the sense of intensity, severity and functional interference of the pain to be more significant. Surgical procedures requiring unconventional analgesia and rescue analgesia were associated with more pain. Conclusion: Women undergoing gynecological surgery have controlled pain. The analgesia strategies used seem adequate. It is necessary for nurses to value the psychological factors that can influence pain, to act with patients to moderate their anxiety levels, and to assess pain by acting accordingly through the use of the strategies available for their control and to provide a hospital experience with maximum well-being. Keywords: pain, acute postsurgical pain, gynecological surgery, BPI, nurse.
Description
Keywords
Dor aguda Dor pós-operatória Medição da dor Procedimentos cirúrgicos ginecológicos Acute pain Gynecological surgical procedures Pain measurement Pain, postoperative