ESTGV - DEMGI - Artigo em ata de evento científico internacional
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- Industry 4.0 - Assessment of Digital Readiness of Manufacturing Companies in PortugalPublication . Guimarães, André; Reis, Pedro; Charrua-Santos, FernandoThe Portuguese industrial culture is going through some challenges and difficulties in the new phase of digitalization, using the development of several technologies that provide digital solutions aligned with Industry 4.0 (I4.0). To evaluate the digital readiness for I4.0 of industries companies, namely small, medium and large companies, a IMPULS model was used, which allowed quantifying and qualifying their level of readiness to implement I4.0 technologies, considering different dimensions and subdimensions. It is found that not all companies have the same pace and facility in adopting and implementing these technologies, where business strategies are not integrated with I4.0, resulting in the absence of an accurate selfassessment on the real maturity level achieved. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand how companies are facing different challenges and difficulties in the digital transition. This work aimed to assess the level of digital readiness to I4.0 of manufacturing companies in Portugal, in global and dimensional terms for each region. The overall assessment level is low (beginner) and the Smart Infrastructure and Data-driven Services dimensions are weak (outsider).
- Industry 4.0 in Portugal - Economic Sectors MaturityPublication . Pedro Reis; Guimarães, André; Reis, Pedro; Cardoso, Antonio J. MarquesAssessing digital maturity is critical to successfully implementing Industry 4.0 in companies. This study evaluates the digital maturity of Portuguese companies across different regions and sectors using the Shift2Future tool, a self-assessment model adapted to the Portuguese context. The model assesses six dimensions: Strategy and Organization, Smart Infrastructure, Smart Operations, Smart Products, Data-Driven Services, and Human Resources, on a Likert scale from 0 to 5. Data was gathered from 610 companies across sectors like automotive, ceramics, and metalworking through a questionnaire conducted between 2022 and 2023. Using STATA 18.0 software, the analysis included Pearson correlation and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The results indicate that companies in the North and Lisbon & Tagus Valley regions exhibit higher digital maturity. Traditional sectors like ceramics and glass show lower maturity due to technological and cultural challenges. This study evaluates the digital maturity of Portuguese businesses and suggests ways to improve their Industry 4.0 competitiveness.
- The Paradox Between Concept Knowledge and Digital Maturity Level for Industry 4.0: The Portuguese CasePublication . Guimarães, André; Pereira, Rosivaldi; Pereira, Maria Teresa; Reis, Pedro; Cardoso, Antonio J. MarquesThis study investigates the paradox between theoretical knowledge of the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) concept and the actual level of digital maturity observed in Portuguese industrial companies. Specifically, it examines whether companies’ awareness of I4.0, geographic location, and size influence their capacity to adopt and integrate digital technologies. Data were collected from a sample of 450 companies through a structured self-assessment questionnaire developed in collaboration with the Shift2Future consortium. The instrument evaluated the degree of familiarity with the I4.0 concept and the stage of digital maturity across different dimensions. The statistical analysis applied ordinal logistic regression models and chi-square tests to assess three hypotheses related to the potential influence of concept knowledge, regional distribution, and company size. The results reveal no statistically significant relationship between the tested variables and the level of digital maturity, suggesting that individual factors do not primarily drive digital advancement. Instead, the findings indicate that broader structural and strategic dimensions, such as leadership commitment, participation in support programs, availability of qualified human resources, and alignment with national and European digitalization agendas, are more decisive in determining companies’ digital readiness. These results challenge common assumptions in the literature, which often posit a direct relationship between company characteristics and technological integration. The study highlights the limited predictive power of isolated variables and highlights the importance of a systemic and integrated approach to promoting digital transformation. The findings contribute to academic and policy discussions by identifying the need for more comprehensive frameworks considering the complex interplay of internal capabilities and external enablers. Future research should expand this approach by including longitudinal and sector-specific analyses and qualitative data to explore internal organizational dynamics, leadership behaviour, and employee digital literacy. The data gained can support designing more effective and inclusive digital transition strategies for industrial firms in Portugal and similar European contexts.
- Uma Análise Bibliométrica referente à Indústria e aos Modelos de Avaliação do Nível de Maturidade Digital da PMEsPublication . Guimarães, André; Reis, Pedro; Charrua-Santos, FernandoO presente estudo, através do uso de técnicas bibliométricas, teve como principal intuito contribuir para a estruturação e análise da literatura científica disponível no campo da investigação relativa a Modelos de Avaliação de Maturidade Digital à Indústria 4.0 das pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs). Apesar da transformação digital não ser um fenómeno recente, este conceito continua pertinente e atual, afetando as empresas de pequena e média dimensão e constituindo assim uma oportunidade da sua integração na economia mundial. Neste estudo, realizou-se uma revisão exaustiva da literatura científica, tendo sido efetuada uma análise bibliométrica no que concerne à literatura sobre esta temática. Foram avaliadas as principais tendências de pesquisa e identificados os dez artigos mais relevantes, relativamente ao número de citações e publicações, bem como os autores mais citados, contribuindo com uma maior clareza do nível de desenvolvimento das PMEs, na integração e preparação para o novo paradigma da Indústria 4.0.