Browsing by Author "Santos, M."
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- Breves considerações sobre a evolução, impacto e profilaxia do parvovírus caninoPublication . Costa, M.; Nóbrega, C.; Mega, A.; Esteves, F.; Cruz, R.; Santos, C.; Vala, Helena; Santos, M.; Mesquita, J. R.A família Parvoviridae está dividida em duas subfamílias. A subfamília Parvovirinae, que inclui os vírus que afectam vertebrados e a subfamília Densovirinae, que contém os vírus que afectam insectos (MacLachlan & Dubovi, 2011). Dentro da subfamília Parvovirinae foram definidos cinco géneros: Erytrovírus, Dependovírus, Parvovírus, Amdovírus e Bocavírus.
- A case of mammary gland Carcinoma and Malignant Myoepithelioma on a female dogPublication . Santos, M.; Esteves, F.; Almeida, R.; Vala, HelenaThe mammary gland is the most commonly affected organ for tumours in the bitch. Mammary tumours mainly affect middle-aged and elderly female dogs. In this case report, a 10 year-old female mix breed dog, spayed before first heat, showed to private veterinary practice with two mammary nodules on the right mammary chain. Complete unilateral mastectomy was performed and the formalin-fixed surgical specimen was submitted to pathology service. Routine hematoxylin and eosin histhopathological evaluation was performed. On the 1st abdominal gland, the microscopic exam revealed a well circumscribed, unencapsulated nodule, compatible with lipoma. The 2nd abdominal gland showed a neoplastic spindle cell population, loosely arranged in an abundant myxoid, bluish color matrix with cartilagineous type matrix areas. These cells presented round pale nuclei, increased contour, prominent nucleoli and nuclear pleomorphism. Multinucleated giant cells and high mitotic rate were also seen. Some sections showed epithelial proliferations arranged in a tubulopapillary pattern. Since the myoepithelial component with malignant characteristics predominated as a distinct feature, the diagnosis of carcinoma and malignant myoepithelioma was established, according to Goldschmidt (2007), since this diagnosis was not possible according to previous classifications. As the myoepithelial component is benign in almost all tumours, this is considered a rare lesion in the dog. Goldschmidt M. Classification of canine mammary tumours. 2007 Davis Foundation European Symposium. University of Munich, Germany. 27-29 Aug 2007.
- A case of vascular tumour mimicking lymphangiomaPublication . Vala, Helena; Mega, Cristina; Santos, C.; Cruz, Rita; Santos, M.; Esteves, Fernando; Nóbrega, Carmen; Mesquita, JoãoIntroduction Sarcomas, particularly vascular tumours, can mimic other neoplastic conditions or even inflammatory diseases. Objectives The authors describe an unusual case of vascular tumour, histologically overlapping with benign lymphangioma and liposarcoma. Medical History A 8 year old Shar Pei male dog was presented with a subcutaneous nodule in the chest, measuring 3x2 cm. Material and Methods The sample was fixed in 10 % buffered formalin solution and processed for routine histopathological diagnosis with Haematoxylin and Eosin. A standard Streptavidin-Biotin Complex technique for immunohistochemical evaluation was also performed, using a Polyclonal Rabbit Anti-Human Von Willebrand Factor. Results Macroscopic examination revealed a well circumscribed nodule with homogeneous and brownish appearance and moderate consistency on a cut surface. Microscopic examination revealed clefts and variably-sized vascular spaces, lined by a single layer of spindle cells, with round-to-oval nuclei, small or indistinct nucleoli, small amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm, with endothelial appearance – areas like hemangiosarcoma, interspersed with areas, where these cells appeared to grow directly on thick bundles of dermal collagen, occasionally with erythrocytes – areas like lymphangioma. The stroma was also interspersed with vacuolar cells – areas like liposarcoma. No mitotic figures were seen, however, the presence of very rich cellular areas, with more prominent cells revealing pleomorphism and anisocariosis, were more favour to malignancy Conclusion The authors suggested the diagnosis of vascular neoplasia with unusual features, based on the histopathological diagnosis and immunohistochemistry results, and submit to the discussion, especially for assessment of histological grade and prognosis.
- Hydronephrosis due to a supernumerary ovarian and uterusPublication . Ferraz, A.; Vala, Helena; Santos, M.; Santos, C.Introduction Hydronephrosis is a distention and dilation of the renal pelvis, usually caused by obstruction of the free flow of urine from the kidney, leading to progressive atrophy of the kidney. The obstruction of urine outflow can happen at any site from the renal pelvis to the urethral orifice. Unilateral hydronephrosis may occur without any symptoms. Material and Methods A seven month old european cat, was present to the clinic for vaccination. The routine physical examination revealed a palpable mass in the cranial abdomen. Severe left hydronephrosis was diagnosed after clinical, radiographical and ultrasonographical examination. The cat wasn’t azotemic. Surgery was necessary to reach a final aetiological diagnosis and treatment. A left ureteronephrectomy and ovariohysterectomy were performed. The cat kept the renal function, without serum increase in urea and creatinine, with no postoperative complications. Results At macroscopical examination, when the sample was sectioned longitudinally, some underdeveloped female genital organs, were observed, near the renal hilum. The histopathological analysis revealed a kidney with a very thin wall and clear atrophy of the cortical region, fibrosis of the ureter and a supernumerary ovary and uterus (adjacent to renal hilum). Discussion/Conclusion The occurrence of supernumerary ovaries has been observed in the cat and they are most frequently located on the broad ligament within 1 to 4 cm from the ovary but not in the localization described in the present case. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first case of double uterus and supernumerary ovarian to cause hydronephrosis. The ureteronephrectomy was successful in treating the animal.
- Lombar Tranverse Process OsteosarcomaPublication . Ferraz, A.; Coelho, A.; Vala, Helena; Santos, M.Introduction Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary bone tumor in dogs. Between 20 and 25% of canine OSA arise from bones of the axial skeleton and are also the most common extradural spinal neoplasm (46%). Radiographic appearance is nonspecific and inconsistent. Pain without neurological signs is the predominant initial finding with vertebral OSA. Materials and Methods A 8 years cross-bred male dog was presented for consultation complaining of progressive weight loss, apathy and nonspecific pain. A paralumbar mass on the left side was diagnosed after clinical and radiographical examination. Cytology of the mass was performed and the animal was hospitalized for pain control and nutritional support until definitive diagnosis. During hospitalization, the clinical status of the animal deteriorated emerging neurological abnormalities. The cytology revealed the presence of cells characteristic of a neoplastic process of mesenchymal origin, apparently sarcoma. It was decided to perform a myelogram wich revealed spinal cord compression at L4, caused by the mass. Due to the deterioration of clinical status and the diagnosis owners decided for euthanasia. Results At necropsy was observedthe thickening of the transverse process of L4 vertebra by a mass with 6.3 x 7.0 x 4.5 cm. The histopathological diagnosis revealed an OSA with different histologic aspects. Discussion and Conclusion An unsucessful outcome OSA was diagnosed. Aadequately treatinglocal disease ofvertebral OSA is very difficult. Surgery is an attempt to decompress dogs with neurologic deficits or intractable pain. Present recommendations are to perform surgery for decompression and institute radiation and chemotherapy.
- Thymic Squamous Cell Carcinoma? Do you confirm this diagnosis?Publication . Vala, Helena; Santos, M.; Ferraz, A.Introduction In dogs thymic carcinoma is considered rare and distinguishes itself from thymoma by its cytologically malignant features, extensive local invasion, and a substantial potential for metastasis. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for most thymic tumours, with the exception of lymphoma. Medical History A 9 years old cross-breed male dog was presented due to cough and respiratory distress with duration of 4 weeks. The animal presented with inspiratory dyspnea and cyanosis. A mass, dorsal to the pharynx, was diagnosed after clinical and radiographical examination, suspected of thyroid neoplasia. Cytology was performed and revealed cells consistent with malignancy, apparently carcinoma with high parameters of aggressiveness. As a form of treatment and to obtain a definitive diagnosis, was decided to surgical removed the mass which measured 7.8x3.7x3.5cm. Material and Methods The sample was fixed in 10 % buffered formalin solution for histological evaluation and sent to the Anatomic Pathology Laboratory of the Agrarian Superior School of Viseu, in Portugal, for histological evaluation. Results Microscopic examination revealed that we were in presence of a lymphoid organ, with peculiar features, namely a small to intermediate-sized lymphoid cells, "starry-sky" pattern and rounded eosinophilic perivascular arrangements resembling Hassall's corpuscles. Concomitantly, typical features of squamous cell carcinoma were evident. Discussion and Conclusion In conclusion, based on its histological features, the authors suggested the diagnosis of Thymic Squamous Cell Carcinoma with an unusual location. Thymic tumours in dogs are predominantly located in the anterior mediastinum but they may extend from the neck to the posterior mediastinum.