ESTGV - DG - Documentos de congressos (comunicações, posters, actas)
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Browsing ESTGV - DG - Documentos de congressos (comunicações, posters, actas) by Subject "Accommodation Sector"
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- Foreign direct investment in the accommodation sector in PortugalPublication . Barroco, Cristina; Castro, Eduardo Anselmo; Costa, CarlosSurprisingly, even though the number of studies addressing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is large, a very limited number of them are applied to the tourism industry. Furthermore, none of them examines FDI in the Portuguese tourism industry. However, as important as identifying and analyzing the reasons for travelling and the reasons that influence tourists visiting Portugal, is to identify the pull factors that influence foreign investors to choose the Portuguese accommodation sector. Although much has been written to date on the attractiveness of Portugal as a tourist destination, there were no studies on the attractiveness of Portugal in attracting foreign investment to the tourism sector. The current study intends to fill this gap by identifying the key factors influencing FDI in the Portuguese accommodation sector. With this purpose, a theoretical model was developed which was validated through semi-structured exploratory interviews and questionnaire surveys applied to foreign investors exploiting accommodation units in mainland Portugal. Fifty three questionnaires were considered valid, representing 63.9% of the universe of foreign investors in Portuguese accommodation sector and that account for the exploitation of 20.999 beds. The results obtained indicate that Portugal’s geographical location, its image/brand as a tourist destination and the Portuguese tourism offer are considered the key factors influencing FDI. This study also identifies that the main barriers to FDI are bureaucracy, tax burden and Portugal’s current economic situation.
- Pull Factors affecting entry choice: the internationalization of the Accommodation SectorPublication . Barroco, Cristina; Castro, Eduardo Anselmo; Costa, CarlosMany theories have been used to explain international trade and why certain countries attract hotel chains more than others. Throughout the centuries, literature has witnessed a number of attempts to explain international trade. Successive research in this area has led to a group of theories proposed by several authors who have been crucial to understand the choice of a destination to enter. These theories provide some insight into the complexity of internationalization flows. However, an integrated theory that combines these elements in an analytical manner has yet to be developed. Although these theories appear in an isolated manner, they should be understood as complementary and not dissociated or regarded as alternatives. Even though there are many theories, researchers are unanimous in affirming that hotel chains' internationalization is influenced by pull factors, related to specific characteristics of the host country, contextual environment (common to all companies) and the transactional environment (specific to each sector) and by push factors, related to specific characteristics of the companies and of their home country. Though both factors are important, this research gives special emphasis to the pull factors. Accordingly, the main aim of this paper is to identify which pull factors influence hotel chains willingness to enter a destination (Portugal). With this purpose, a theoretical model was developed. The model included 11 pull factors (characteristics of host country): - 6 Specific Factors of the Contextual Environment (SFCE): Country risk; Level of development; Regulation; Integration in international organizations; Cultural and historical affinities; Geographical location. - 5 Specific Factors of the Tourism Sector (SFTS): Competitiveness of the sector; Government policies for the sector; Image/brand of the sector; Tourism offer; Tourism demand. This model also seeks to discover if the main barriers to foreign investment are related to the SFCE or the SFTS. All factors were explored in the construction of logical relations that underpin the enunciation of the hypothesis.