RE - Série 2, n.º 05: (2018)
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- Barriers to access prenatal screening: integrative reviewPublication . Carvalho, Elisabete; Göttems, Leila; Monteiro, Sandra; Guilhem, Dirce; Ribeiro, LaianeIntroduction: Prenatal monitoring is essential to reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality rates. However, organisational barriers may hamper access to the actions and services carrying on with the fragmentation and quality of care. Objectives: To analyse in the Brazilian scientific production the access barriers to performing screenings during prenatal monitoring. Method: Integrative review of publications searched in the bibliographic databases of Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (LILACS), Nursing Database (BDENF), and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish from 2005 to 2015. Results: Of 708 articles searched, 15 met the inclusion criteria. The studies were systematised and led to four categories for analysis: (1) Sluggishness in the process of exam scheduling, sample collection, and releasing of results; (2) Insufficient quotas for the primary care screenings; (3) Lack of resources of the pregnant women; and (4) Adequacy of screenings related to the early onset of prenatal care. Conclusion: The access barriers to screenings in the prenatal monitoring are mainly related to the scant health resources devoted to primary care; sluggishness in the process of scheduling and running of tests; and to the lack of resources of the pregnant woman, who cannot afford the costs of examinations not covered by the public health system. The publications also highlighted the positive aspects for the pregnant women who had an early onset of prenatal care.
- Gastronomic tourism, a differential factorPublication . Cunha, SandraIntroduction: Gastronomic Tourism has grown considerably worldwide and even at European level. According to the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO, 2012), the destinations and tourism companies are aware of the importance of gastronomy to diversify tourism and stimulate local, regional and national economic development. Gastronomy has always been part of the history of Portugal as a product that gave it authenticity and glamor. Objective: This article intends to make known the strategic product Gastronomy, as a tourist product of excellence with high development potential for Portuguese Tourism. Methods: We have analyzed several published studies correlating the main ideas and doctrines, focusing the importance of Gastronomic Tourism and gastronomic events for the development of regions and gastronomic routes as a differentiating factor. As well as the profile of gastronomic tourist, the phases of the experience of gastronomic tourism and gastronomic tourists behavior were analyzed. Results: there are some significant flaws in the literature review, since there are not many studies regarding the contribution of gastronomy to the development of the regions. Conclusions: Gastronomy is one of the tourist products that has the most influence when choosing the destination. Portugal should, like Spain and France, structure the gastronomy product as a product that gives Portugal authenticity and quality. The gastronomy and the wines are considered qualifying assets of the portuguese tourist offer (Estratégia Turismo 2027, 2017).
- The role of innovation in special interest tourism: a theoretical approachPublication . Sousa, BrunoIntroduction: The innovation process, and its application to several contexts, has been gradually gaining ground in the academic community as a field of study. Similarly, in recent decades, tourism has received greater attention from academics in different sciences and focus (e.g. economic, social, cultural and environmental). Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore and to contribute the literature on special interest tourism and innovation process (e.g. ecotourism management). Methods: This is a conceptual paper that brings together the major components of innovation process and its implications in special interest tourism contexts (e.g. ecotourism). Results: The study presents closely to primary classical innovation and entrepreneurship issues. The creation process associated with the nature and sustainable reservation systems, mechanisms and information sharing are a competitive advantage over tourism destinations and products. Conclusions: The generators entrepreneurship and innovative factors that may trigger an entrepreneurial activity. The study considers some of the implications for management and literature. Implications for future research are also presented.
- Support and training of family caregivers: nursing intervention programPublication . Melo, Ricardo; Rua, Marília; Santos, CéliaIntroduction: With an aging population and improvements in health care, there is an increase in the number of dependents who require more support to meet their needs. Family caregivers (FC) are essential to guarantee continuity of care, even though it is an exhausting process with consequences for their health. A properly structured nursing intervention program (NIP) is shown to be important in this context. Objective: To develop and implement a NIP to support and train the FC of dependent people. Methods: An integrative literature review (ILR) was conducted to identify the main caregiver needs. Afterwards, a NIP was structured in the areas of emotional and instrumental support. It was then validated by experts in the field using the Delphi technique. This was implemented and evaluated, using a quasi-experimental study, with a pre and post intervention evaluation. Results: From the ILR, 21 articles were stood out for highlighting the main needs manifested by FC. Through the Delphi technique an NIP was obtained with 93 nursing interventions. Its implementation led to a general improvement in the FC’s state of health, a reduction of the overload manifested and a greater use of coping strategies. Conclusion: Structured and contextualized nursing interventions, directed to supporting and empowering FC, facilitate the transition to this role with an impact on their health and the care provided.
- The sexuality of the elderly in the nursing consultation context: a phenomenological analysis of luso-braziliansPublication . Saraiva, Renata; Rosas, Ann; Marques, Ermelinda; Valente, GeilsaIntoduction: Listening to elderly people in Brazil and Portugal, it was intended to promote reflective discussions that shared experiences and experiences, in order to interact with the cultural plurality existing between the two countries to help the understanding of the sexuality of the elderly, and of the possible behavioral changes acquired after actions implemented in a learning situation. Objectives: Describe, understand and discuss the interrelation between nurses and clients in the educational action on the sexuality of the elderly in the context of the nursing consultation. Method: Outcome thesis on the sexuality of the elderly in the context of the nursing consultation, translated into a systematic review. The relevance was to listen to elderly and nurses in Brazil and Portugal, with the intention of promoting reflective discussions that shared experiences and experiences of interaction with the existing cultural plurality. 41 elderly people and 26 nurses participated. Scenarios used were HESFA - Brazil and IPG - Portugal, in accordance with the ethical criteria, National Health Council, resolution 466/12. Results: They were presented as concrete categories of the lived, which revealed the "reasons-why" of the elderly and the nurses. Conclusion: Therefore, the absence of intention demonstrates the need to discuss the subject in theory since graduation and, in the practical field, in nursing consultations.
- Satisfaction with the team, consultation and with the diabetes group in Brazilian peoplePublication . Soares, Josineide; Cunha, MadalenaIntroduction: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. This is a chronic disease associated with serious complications, resulting in high morbidity and mortality (International Diabetes Federation, 2014). Objective: To determine the degree of satisfaction of people with type 2 diabetes in relation to the team, the consultation and the diabetes group. Methods: In the present descriptive study, the non-probability sampling consists of 30 people with type 2 diabetes, of which 37% are male and 63% are female, aged between 42 and 69 years with an average of 57.20 years attending the Health Unit and the Diabetes Group in Arapiraca, Alagoas, Brazil. The data collection instrument used was the Relationship with Team Scale; Satisfaction during Diabetes Consultation Scale; and Satisfaction with Diabetes Group Scale Cunha & Soares (2015). Results: The results indicate that 40.0% of the patients have a good relationship with the team, most of the patients (76.7%) are very satisfied with the query. However, the diabetes group satisfaction is not consensual, thus, 40.0% of patients feel dissatisfied while another 40% are very satisfied. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of the satisfaction of diabetes patients to the team, consultations and the group, helping them to meet their needs and their experience in the situation of chronic disease, as a professional evaluation criteria and a quality indicator.
- Utilizing the health belief model to predict the purchase intention of over-the-counter diet drugsPublication . Villaverde, Silvia; Gavilan, Diana; Avello, MariaIntroduction: One out of two packages of medicines sold in Europe is a non-prescription medicinal product. Research on consumer decisions in terms of health has traditionally been explained based on the Health Belief Model. However, no research we are aware of has investigated the purchasing of drugs with an aim of improving health. Objectives: Test the suitability of the Health Belief Model in the explanation of the purchase intention of over-the-counter diet drugs to improve a health problem, particularly weight. Methods: A quantitative transversal design was used. An online self-reported questionnaire was administered to a sample of 193 subjects. Results: Results show a significant influence of all the dimensions of the health belief model on the purchase intention of overthe-counter diet drugs. However, the relationship between barriers to taking action and the intention to purchase was reversed to that predicted. Conclusion: Results suggest that the health belief model is suitable for the explanation of the individuals´ intention to purchase over-the-counter diet drugs. Key findings will allow the pharmaceutical industry to design communication strategies based on deep consumer knowledge. Future research may deepen into variables such as the influence of word-of-mouth in health-oriented behavior, as well as consumer’s confidence in the properties of the products that allegedly help to adjust weight.
- Ethics and a proposal to use unused data in scientific workPublication . Camalhão, Isabel; Camalhão, SerafimIntroduction: All scientific work in the social sciences don’t use all collected data and exclude elements that won´t be part of the result. This data can be useful to other researches, but it has ethic problems that difficult their use. Objectives: Develop a methodology to use the data not analysed and propose an ethical interpretation that facilitates its use. Methods: It was used the procedures and steps of a construction of an research project, having as a centre one methodological area and problem. Results: The creation of a proposal of one methodology specifically destined to the use of unused data, open and flexible. Conclusion: The utility of the use, not only of unused data, but also, all elements of a social research, that will benefit all knowledge. In the field of ethics, the focus is in the question of protecting communities, participants and the researcher. The ethical questions are too complex to be treated in one only article.
- Characterization and within-tree variation of wood anatomy of Acacia melanoxylonPublication . Santos, António; Pereira, Helena; Anjos, OféliaIntroduction: A. melanoxylon wood has a large commercial application given its anatomical characteristics and mechanical properties. However studies on the anatomical characterisation of this species grown in Portugal are scarce. Objectives: To describe the transverse anatomical characteristics and their within-tree variation of A. melanoxylon trees growing in Portugal. Methods: 20 trees were analysed in transverse section for tree radial position (10%; 50%; 90%) and five height levels (base, 15%; 35%; 65%; 80%) in north and south directions. Measurements included: fibre diameter (m), fibre wall thickness (m), Runkle index; Flexibility index, vessel number (vessel number /mm2), porosity (%) and vessel width (m). Results: Earlywood fibres have lower wall thickness and higher lumen diameter than latewood fibres. Runkle and flexibility indexes confirm its potential for pulp and paper production. Porosity was lower near the pith as a result of a slight increase of vessel number with smaller size. Conclusion: Blackwood showed potential as an alternative species to supply the industry.