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Necessidades formativas e burnout nos cuidadores formais de estruturas residenciais para pessoas idosas : Da avaliação à intervenção
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Enquadramento: Num contexto marcado pelo envelhecimento demográfico e pela crescente complexidade dos cuidados prestados à população idosa institucionalizada, os cuidadores formais representam um papel central nas instituições. Estes profissionais enfrentam exigências físicas e emocionais particularmente elevadas. A Síndrome de Burnout constitui, na atualidade, uma das consequências mais marcantes do stresse profissional, tornando-se, por isso, fundamental aprofundar a sua investigação. Este fenómeno compromete o bem-estar psicológico e físico dos cuidadores formais, repercutindo-se, consequentemente, na qualidade dos cuidados prestados, sendo frequentemente agravado por lacunas ao nível da formação e na preparação para responder às necessidades específicas dos utentes.
Objetivo: Analisar a relação entre as necessidades formativas autopercebidas e as dimensões de burnout dos cuidadores formais.
Métodos: Foi desenvolvido um estudo quantitativo, descritivo-correlacional e transversal, com uma amostra de 40 cuidadores formais. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de um questionário com a caracterização sociodemográfica, caracterização profissional, formação profissional e necessidades formativas autopercebidas; a versão portuguesa do Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI-PT), validada para a população portuguesa. Foi obtido parecer favorável da Comissão de Ética.
Resultados: Os cuidadores apresentam necessidades formativas sobretudo nas áreas de primeiros socorros (45,0%), prevenção de úlceras de pressão/feridas (42,5%), gestão emocional (40,0%) e cuidados em fim de vida (35,0%). A prevenção de riscos e acidentes (37,5%) e a saúde mental (27,5%) foram áreas relevantes; 55,0% consideram a formação insuficiente, sendo igualmente reduzida a procura ativa de formação, referida por 75,0% dos cuidadores. Relativamente ao burnout, os resultados sugerem a sua associação às exigências do trabalho e às condições organizacionais, evidenciando impacto no bem-estar dos profissionais.
Conclusão: Os resultados demostram claramente a importância de apostar na formação contínua e em medidas de apoio por parte das instituições dirigidas aos cuidadores formais. Investir nestas áreas contribui não só para o seu bem-estar profissional, mas também para garantir cuidados de maior qualidade nas ERPI.
Palavras-chave: idosos; cuidadores; lares de idosos; esgotamento profissional; educação em saúde; serviços de saúde
Abstract Background: In a context marked by demographic ageing and the increasing complexity of care provided to institutionalized older adults, formal caregivers play a central role within healthcare institutions. These professionals face particularly high physical and emotional demands. Burnout Syndrome currently represents one of the most significant consequences of occupational stress, making it essential to further investigate this phenomenon. It compromises caregivers’ psychological and physical well-being and, consequently, impacts the quality of care provided, often being exacerbated by gaps in training and preparedness to respond to the specific needs of residents. Objective: To analyse the relationship between self-perceived training needs and burnout dimensions among formal caregivers. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study was conducted, involving a sample of 40 formal caregivers. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included sociodemographic and professional characterization, professional training and self-perceived training needs, as well as the Portuguese version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI-PT), validated for the Portuguese population. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee. Results: Caregivers reported training needs mainly in first aid (45.0%), prevention of pressure ulcers/wounds (42.5%), emotional management (40.0%) and end-of-life care (35.0%). Risk and accident prevention (37.5%) and mental health (27.5%) were also identified as relevant areas. A total of 55.0% considered the training received to be insufficient, and active engagement in training was low, as reported by 75.0% of caregivers. Regarding burnout, the findings suggest an association with work demands and organizational conditions, highlighting its impact on professionals’ well-being. Conclusion: The findings clearly demonstrate the importance of investing in continuous training and in institutional support measures directed at formal caregivers. Investment in these areas contributes not only to improving professional well-being but also to ensuring higher quality care in residential care homes for older people. Keywords: older people; caregivers; nursing homes; burnout; health education; health services
Abstract Background: In a context marked by demographic ageing and the increasing complexity of care provided to institutionalized older adults, formal caregivers play a central role within healthcare institutions. These professionals face particularly high physical and emotional demands. Burnout Syndrome currently represents one of the most significant consequences of occupational stress, making it essential to further investigate this phenomenon. It compromises caregivers’ psychological and physical well-being and, consequently, impacts the quality of care provided, often being exacerbated by gaps in training and preparedness to respond to the specific needs of residents. Objective: To analyse the relationship between self-perceived training needs and burnout dimensions among formal caregivers. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study was conducted, involving a sample of 40 formal caregivers. Data were collected using a questionnaire that included sociodemographic and professional characterization, professional training and self-perceived training needs, as well as the Portuguese version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI-PT), validated for the Portuguese population. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee. Results: Caregivers reported training needs mainly in first aid (45.0%), prevention of pressure ulcers/wounds (42.5%), emotional management (40.0%) and end-of-life care (35.0%). Risk and accident prevention (37.5%) and mental health (27.5%) were also identified as relevant areas. A total of 55.0% considered the training received to be insufficient, and active engagement in training was low, as reported by 75.0% of caregivers. Regarding burnout, the findings suggest an association with work demands and organizational conditions, highlighting its impact on professionals’ well-being. Conclusion: The findings clearly demonstrate the importance of investing in continuous training and in institutional support measures directed at formal caregivers. Investment in these areas contributes not only to improving professional well-being but also to ensuring higher quality care in residential care homes for older people. Keywords: older people; caregivers; nursing homes; burnout; health education; health services
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Palavras-chave
Burnout profissional Formação em serviço Idoso Lares para idosos Prestadores de cuidados - ensino Prestadores de cuidados - psicologia Aged Burnout professional Caregivers - education Caregivers - psychology Hosmes for the aged Inservice training