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Authors
Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de se preverem algumas
características de performance dos motores de Fórmula 1 para o ano de 2014, de acordo
com a introdução de nova regulamentação. Foi utilizado um simulador computacional
proveniente da Lotus, conhecido fabricante de veículos desportivos e participante ativo
na Fórmula 1, no sentido de se constatar quais os valores aproximados de binário,
potência e consumo específico de combustível que se podem esperar.
O modelo de motor de combustão interna objeto de estudo deste trabalho,
devidamente subordinado ao Regulamento de Características Técnicas da Fórmula 1
para 2014, emanado pela Federação Internacional do Automóvel em 05 de Dezembro de
2012, constitui-se como um motor com seis cilindros dispostos na tipologia em “V”,
com 1,6 litros de cilindrada, com alimentação de combustível por injeção direta no
cilindro e com um turbocompressor.
Paralelamente, foi considerado um motor de combustão interna de referência
para a Fórmula 1 dos anos 80, o motor Honda RA 168 E. Este propulsor de
características muito aproximadas ao objeto estudo, serviu como base de apoio
comparativo ao mesmo, na medida em que as principais características construtivas e de
performance estão presentes em artigo próprio disponível à leitura comum.
Verificou-se que os resultados esperados para o motor de 2014 são ligeiramente
inferiores aos do motor Honda no que concerne ao binário e à potência debitados. Já o
consumo específico assume valores ligeiramente superiores. Os resultados obtidos nas
simulações devem-se essencialmente à existência do turbocompressor, sendo que as
outras variáveis revestem-se de insignificância, face ao mesmo.
Atendendo à limitação do caudal mássico de combustível de alimentação do
motor para 2014, decorre que a sobrepressão debitada pelo turbocompressor estará
constrangida também. Perante tal, é espectável que os principais desenvolvimentos
passem pelo aumento da taxa de compressão, otimização do formato das câmaras de
combustão, emprego de misturas ar/combustível mais pobres e minimização das perdas
por fricção.
ABSTRACT: This study was undertaken aiming at providing some forecasting about Formula 1 engines performance for 2014, as a result of the expected introduction of new regulations. A Lotus computational simulator, property of the well-known sports car manufacturer and active participant in Formula 1 competitions, was used throughout this work to observe the released, though approximate, torque, power and specific fuel consumption values, only possible due to LESOFT1 Lotus Engine Simulation™ kind and graceful loan. This research object of study is an internal combustion engine complying with the F1 2014 Technical Features Regulation, issued by the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA) on December 5th 2012. It is a 1.6 litre turbocharged direct injection V-shaped engine with 6 cylinders and a single turbocharger. Simultaneously, the Honda RA 168 E, an internal combustion engine that was a milestone in the 1980’s Formula 1, was taken into consideration. This engine, that had very similar characteristics to those presently studied, served as the basis of comparison as the main construction and performance characteristics were available in an open access technical paper. The expected results for the 2014 engine were found to be slightly lower than those of the referred Honda engine, as far as torque and power were considered. On the other hand, the specific consumption was slightly higher. The simulation results obtained are almost exclusively a function of the turbocharger characteristics; the remaining variables have a minor influence. Given the 2014 engine fuel mass flow restriction, the turbocharger boost pressure will also be compromised. That being said, major engine developments expected will come from increased compression ratio, combustion chambers shape optimization, leaner use of air/fuel mixtures and friction losses minimization.
ABSTRACT: This study was undertaken aiming at providing some forecasting about Formula 1 engines performance for 2014, as a result of the expected introduction of new regulations. A Lotus computational simulator, property of the well-known sports car manufacturer and active participant in Formula 1 competitions, was used throughout this work to observe the released, though approximate, torque, power and specific fuel consumption values, only possible due to LESOFT1 Lotus Engine Simulation™ kind and graceful loan. This research object of study is an internal combustion engine complying with the F1 2014 Technical Features Regulation, issued by the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA) on December 5th 2012. It is a 1.6 litre turbocharged direct injection V-shaped engine with 6 cylinders and a single turbocharger. Simultaneously, the Honda RA 168 E, an internal combustion engine that was a milestone in the 1980’s Formula 1, was taken into consideration. This engine, that had very similar characteristics to those presently studied, served as the basis of comparison as the main construction and performance characteristics were available in an open access technical paper. The expected results for the 2014 engine were found to be slightly lower than those of the referred Honda engine, as far as torque and power were considered. On the other hand, the specific consumption was slightly higher. The simulation results obtained are almost exclusively a function of the turbocharger characteristics; the remaining variables have a minor influence. Given the 2014 engine fuel mass flow restriction, the turbocharger boost pressure will also be compromised. That being said, major engine developments expected will come from increased compression ratio, combustion chambers shape optimization, leaner use of air/fuel mixtures and friction losses minimization.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica e Gestão Industrial
Keywords
Regulamentação Fórmula 1 Motores de combustão interna
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Viseu. Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão de Viseu