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O olhar dos enfermeiros sobre a sustentabilidade nos cuidados de saúde : Validação da escala CHANT
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A sustentabilidade nos cuidados de saúde tem ganho relevância global, destacando-se a necessidade de equilibrar a prestação de serviços de qualidade com a preservação ambiental. Os enfermeiros desempenham um papel crucial na implementação de práticas sustentáveis, como a redução de desperdícios e a promoção da eficiência energética. Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar as atitudes, comportamentos e conhecimentos dos enfermeiros portugueses em relação à sustentabilidade, além de validar a Escala de Impacto do Clima na Saúde e Enfermagem (PT-CHANT) para o contexto português. A CHANT, desenvolvida por Schenk et al. (2019), avalia a sensibilização, preocupação, motivação e comportamentos sustentáveis dos enfermeiros em casa e no trabalho.
Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, com 188 enfermeiros portugueses (76,6% mulheres, média de idade de 44,01 anos). A amostra foi recolhida através de um questionário online divulgado pela Ordem dos Enfermeiros, incluindo perguntas sociodemográficas, práticas sustentáveis e a escala PT-CHANT. A validação psicométrica da PT-CHANT envolveu análise fatorial confirmatória e avaliação da consistência interna. Foram utilizados os softwares IBM SPSS® e Amos para análise estatística.
Resultados: A maioria dos enfermeiros (79,9%) utiliza carro próprio como meio de transporte para o trabalho. Fora do trabalho, 97,3% adotam práticas sustentáveis, como redução do consumo de energia e gestão de resíduos, enquanto no trabalho essa adesão é menor (82,4%).
As principais barreiras à sustentabilidade no trabalho incluem falta de equipamentos adequados (17,5%) e resistência à mudança (16,3%). A escala PT-CHANT confirmou sua estrutura original de 5 dimensões, com α de Cronbach variando entre 0,619 e 0,908. Foram removidos 4 items por não serem significativos. O modelo final apresentou bom ajuste (χ²/g.l. = 1,393; RMSEA = 0,046; CFI = 0,974). A dimensão "Preocupação" obteve a maior média (4,67), enquanto "Comportamento em Casa" e "Comportamento no Trabalho" tiveram as menores (3,88).
Conclusões: O estudo demonstrou que os enfermeiros portugueses estão conscientes e preocupados com a sustentabilidade, mas enfrentam desafios para implementar práticas sustentáveis no ambiente de trabalho. A PT-CHANT mostrou-se um instrumento válido e fiável para avaliar a sustentabilidade na enfermagem em Portugal, com potencial para uso em contextos clínicos e académicos. Recomenda-se a criação de políticas institucionais e programas de formação para superar as barreiras identificadas e promover a adoção de práticas sustentáveis.
Palavras-chave: sustentabilidade, enfermagem, cuidados de saúde
Abstract Introduction: Sustainability in healthcare has gained global relevance, emphasising the need to balance the provision of quality services with environmental preservation. Nurses play a crucial role in implementing sustainable practices, such as reducing waste and promoting energy efficiency. This study aimed to assess the attitudes, behaviours and knowledge of Portuguese nurses in relation to sustainability, as well as to validate the Escala de Impacto do Clima na Saúde e Enfermagem PT-CHANT, for the Portuguese context. CHANT, developed by Schenk et al. (2019), assesses nurses' awareness, concern, motivation and sustainable behaviours at home and at work. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with 188 Portuguese nurses (76.6% women, average age 44.01 years). The sample was collected using an online questionnaire published by the Portuguese Nurses Association, which included sociodemographic questions, sustainable practices and the PT-CHANT scale. The psychometric validation of PT-CHANT involved confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency assessment. IBM SPSS® and Amos software were used for statistical analysis. Results: The majority of nurses (79.9%) use their own car as a means of transport to work. Outside of work, 97.3 per cent adopt sustainable practices, such as reducing energy consumption and waste management, while at work this adherence is lower (82.4 per cent). The main barriers to sustainability at work include a lack of suitable equipment (17.5 per cent) and resistance to change (16.3 per cent). The PT-CHANT scale confirmed its original 5-dimensional structure, with Cronbach's α ranging from 0.619 to 0.908. Four items were removed as they were not significant. The final model showed a good fit (χ²/g.l. = 1.393; RMSEA = 0.046; CFI = 0.974). The ‘Worry’ dimension had the highest mean (4.67), while ‘Behaviour at Home’ and ‘Behaviour at Work’ had the lowest (3.88). Conclusions: The study showed that Portuguese nurses are aware of and concerned about sustainability, but face challenges in implementing sustainable practices in the workplace. The PT-CHANT proved to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing sustainability in nursing in Portugal, with potential for use in clinical and academic contexts. It is recommended that institutional policies and training programmes be created to overcome the barriers identified and promote the adoption of sustainable practices. Keywords: sustainability, nursing, healthcare
Abstract Introduction: Sustainability in healthcare has gained global relevance, emphasising the need to balance the provision of quality services with environmental preservation. Nurses play a crucial role in implementing sustainable practices, such as reducing waste and promoting energy efficiency. This study aimed to assess the attitudes, behaviours and knowledge of Portuguese nurses in relation to sustainability, as well as to validate the Escala de Impacto do Clima na Saúde e Enfermagem PT-CHANT, for the Portuguese context. CHANT, developed by Schenk et al. (2019), assesses nurses' awareness, concern, motivation and sustainable behaviours at home and at work. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with 188 Portuguese nurses (76.6% women, average age 44.01 years). The sample was collected using an online questionnaire published by the Portuguese Nurses Association, which included sociodemographic questions, sustainable practices and the PT-CHANT scale. The psychometric validation of PT-CHANT involved confirmatory factor analysis and internal consistency assessment. IBM SPSS® and Amos software were used for statistical analysis. Results: The majority of nurses (79.9%) use their own car as a means of transport to work. Outside of work, 97.3 per cent adopt sustainable practices, such as reducing energy consumption and waste management, while at work this adherence is lower (82.4 per cent). The main barriers to sustainability at work include a lack of suitable equipment (17.5 per cent) and resistance to change (16.3 per cent). The PT-CHANT scale confirmed its original 5-dimensional structure, with Cronbach's α ranging from 0.619 to 0.908. Four items were removed as they were not significant. The final model showed a good fit (χ²/g.l. = 1.393; RMSEA = 0.046; CFI = 0.974). The ‘Worry’ dimension had the highest mean (4.67), while ‘Behaviour at Home’ and ‘Behaviour at Work’ had the lowest (3.88). Conclusions: The study showed that Portuguese nurses are aware of and concerned about sustainability, but face challenges in implementing sustainable practices in the workplace. The PT-CHANT proved to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing sustainability in nursing in Portugal, with potential for use in clinical and academic contexts. It is recommended that institutional policies and training programmes be created to overcome the barriers identified and promote the adoption of sustainable practices. Keywords: sustainability, nursing, healthcare
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Keywords
Desenvolvimento sustentável Enfermeiros Estudo de validação Inquéritos e questionários Mudança climática Prestação de cuidados de saúde Psicometria Climate change Delivery of health care Nurses Psychometrics Surveys and questionnaires Sustainable development Validation study
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